Search results for " antibiotics"
showing 10 items of 50 documents
A recommended practical approach to the management of anthracycline-based chemotherapy cardiotoxicity: an opinion paper of the working group on drug …
2016
Anthracyclines are the mainstay of treatment of a variety of haematological malignancies and solid tumours. Unfortunately, the clinical use of these drugs is limited by cumulative, dose-related cardiotoxicity which may ultimately lead to a severe and irreversible form of cardiomyopathy. Thus, there is an increasing need for close cooperation among cardiologists, oncologists and haemato-oncologists. As anthracyclines save lives, the logical goal of this cooperation, besides preventing or mitigating cardiotoxicity, is to promote an acceptable balance between the potential cardiac side effects and the vital benefit of anticancer treatment. This manuscript, which is specifically addressed to th…
Phenazine antibiotics produced by fluorescent pseudomonads contribute to natural soil suppressiveness to Fusarium wilt
2009
Natural disease-suppressive soils provide an untapped resource for the discovery of novel beneficial microorganisms and traits. For most suppressive soils, however, the consortia of microorganisms and mechanisms involved in pathogen control are unknown. To date, soil suppressiveness to Fusarium wilt disease has been ascribed to carbon and iron competition between pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum and resident non-pathogenic F. oxysporum and fluorescent pseudomonads. In this study, the role of bacterial antibiosis in Fusarium wilt suppressiveness was assessed by comparing the densities, diversity and activity of fluorescent Pseudomonas species producing 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) (phlD+) …
MRSA ST22-IVa (EMRSA-15 clone) in Palermo, Italy
2010
Summary: Epidemic spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains carrying the Staphylococcal Chromosomal Cassettes (SCC) mec type IV is being increasingly reported in many geographical areas. A survey to determine the prevalence and characteristics of MRSA SCCmec IV isolates identified in four general hospitals in Palermo, Italy, was carried out. During the period February–June 2009, SCCmec type IVa has been found in 12 out of 94 isolates. Nine isolates from all hospitals and all strains from a NICU outbreak occurring in the same period were attributed with the ST22-IVa (EMRSA-15) clone. In our setting, due to the changing MRSA epidemiology, detection of SCCmec IV coul…
An Updated Review on the Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Molecular Hybrids and Conjugates Bearing Imidazole Moiety
2020
The rapid growth of serious infections caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria, especially the nosocomial ESKAPE pathogens, has been acknowledged by Governments and scientists and is one of the world’s major health problems. Various strategies have been and are currently investigated and developed to reduce and/or delay the bacterial resistance. One of these strategies regards the design and development of antimicrobial hybrids and conjugates. This unprecedented critical review, in which our continuing interest in the synthesis and evaluation of the bioactivity of imidazole derivatives is testified, aims to summarise and comment on the results obtained from the end of the 1900s until Februa…
Macrolides May Prevent Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Entry into Cells: A Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship Study and Exp…
2021
The global pandemic caused by the emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is threatening the health and economic systems worldwide. Despite the enormous efforts of scientists and clinicians around the world, there is still no drug or vaccine available worldwide for the treatment and prevention of the infection. A rapid strategy for the identification of new treatments is based on repurposing existing clinically approved drugs that show antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, after developing a quantitative structure activity relationship analysis based on molecular topology, several macrolide antibiotics are identified as promising SARS-…
Intracerebral Abscess Caused by Actinomyces israelii
2020
We describe a case of 49-years old female with a medical history of penicillin allergy, who suffered from brain infection caused by Actinomyces israelii. Therefore, the available therapy was metronidazole, ceftriaxone, and chloramphenicol. Due to a deterioration of the general and neurological condition of the patient, it was decided to perform a scratch skin test on penicillin, which was negative. After that, penicillin was administrated parenterally. The patient showed no hypersensitive reaction. Improvement was achieved. The patient underwent three subsequent surgeries due to primary and recurrent brain abscesses. There was a distinct improvement in her clinical status. Two months after …
Esthesioneuroblastoma presenting with epifora in a young child
1997
Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is an uncommon tumor believed to arise from the olfactory epithelium. 1 This neoplasm has rarely been reported in children, with only 12 cases reported to date among patients younger than 10 years. 2 The usual initial symptom in children, as in older patients, is nasal obstruction or epistaxis 3 ; consequently, the tumor is often first seen by an otorhinolaryngologist. We report a case of ENB in a young child in whom the initial symptom was epiphora; to our knowledge, this initial symptom is previously unreported, and ENB must now be considered in the differential diagnosis of epiphora in childhood. Report of a Case. A white 6-year-old male child was seen on Janu…
Regulation of the biosynthesis of the glycopeptide antibiotic A40926 in Nonomuraea ATCC39727
2011
The actinomycete Nonomuraea produces the glycopeptide A40926, precursor of dalbavancin. Dalbavancin is a novel lipoglycopeptide agent against emerging resistant Gram-positive cocci with superior pharmacodynamics properties compared to vancomycin. Chemically, a glycopeptide antibiotic consists of a heptapeptide core constituted by proteinogenic and nonproteinogenic amino acids such as 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DPG) and 4-hydroxyphenylglycine (HPG). The heptapeptide is assembled by a nonribosomal peptide synthetase and modified by oxidative cross-linking of the electron-rich aromatic side chains, halogenation, sulfation, methylation, acylation, and glycosylation. The A40926 biosynthetic gen…
Analysis of the effects of co-exposure to antibiotics and cadmium on sea urchin embryos
2014
In order to understand the mechanisms of responses to changes in the physical and chemical environment, as well as the mechanisms of developmental pathways, we investigated by RT-qPCR assays and light microscopy observations the impact of antibiotics and cadmium in P. lividus sea urchin embryos. In particular we inspected development and biomarkers for free radical damage and apoptosis. During development embryos were exposed to an antibiotic mix (Ab mix, usually added to sea urchin cultures) or to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim mix (TMP/SMX, usually added to aquacultures) and/or levels of 10-5, 10-4, 10-3 M CdCl2. Even though treatment with TMP/SMX apparently did not affect development, it …
Projekty citizen science jako metoda wzmocnienia świadomości społecznej o problemie antybiotykooporności
2023
Problem antybiotykooporności jest według WHO jednym z najbardziej donośnych zagrożeń XXI wieku. Z roku na rok umiera coraz więcej osób na skutek zakażenia bakterią, która jest oporna na znane antybiotyki. Aby zapobiegać rozwojowi antybiotykooporności konieczny jest wzrost świadomości społecznej o niekorzystnych skutkach nadużywania i niewłaściwego stosowania antybiotyków. W tym celu prowadzone są liczne kampanie i akcje społeczne. Aby dotrzeć z tymi informacjami także do młodzieży realizowane są projekty citizen science, w które zaangażowani są studenci i uczniowie. W artykule przedstawimy cele i zakres projektów citizen science oraz service learning podejmowanych w celu edukacji społeczeńs…