Search results for " bottom-up"
showing 10 items of 48 documents
From top-down urban planning to culturally sensitive planning? Urban renewal and artistic activism in a neo-bohemian district in Barcelona
2020
The city of Barcelona in general and its historic center in particular have undergone a sea change from an industrial city to a global tourism and service center. Some authors argue that urban rene...
Ocean acidification as a driver of community simplification via the collapse of higher-order and rise of lower-order consumers
2017
AbstractIncreasing oceanic uptake of CO2 is predicted to drive ecological change as both a resource (i.e. CO2 enrichment on primary producers) and stressor (i.e. lower pH on consumers). We use the natural ecological complexity of a CO2 vent (i.e. a seagrass system) to assess the potential validity of conceptual models developed from laboratory and mesocosm research. Our observations suggest that the stressor-effect of CO2 enrichment combined with its resource-effect drives simplified food web structure of lower trophic diversity and shorter length. The transfer of CO2 enrichment from plants to herbivores through consumption (apparent resource-effect) was not compensated by predation, becaus…
Response of seagrasses and marine biofilms to natural acidification at CO2 vents
Nel corso degli ultimi 200 anni, circa il 30% delle emissioni antropogeniche di CO2 nell’atmosfera sono state assorbite dagli oceani, provocando un abbassamento medio dei livelli di pH oceanici pari a circa 0.1 unità. Questo fenomeno, noto come acidificazione degli oceani, sta determinando conseguenze negative sugli ecosistemi marini e sul loro funzionamento. Le attuali proiezioni climatiche suggeriscono che, in futuro, i cambiamenti climatici continueranno e si intensificheranno se non verranno adottate efficaci misure di mitigazione. Riuscire a valutare la risposta degli ecosistemi marini ai cambiamenti climatici costituisce una vera sfida per la ricerca scientifica, non solo per la diffi…
Palermo si cura. Pratiche culturali di mutuo soccorso come risposta alle fragilità della città (post)pandemica
2023
In un quadro di riferimento in cui la crisi è globalizzata ma diseguale e in mancanza di un sistema di welfare capace di rispondere alle urgenze dei contesti e dei gruppi sociali più marginalizzati, una risposta ai nuovi bisogni sociali ed individuali è stata offerta da reti solidali e da pratiche di mobilitazione dal basso che svolgono un ruolo di agency territoriale, spesso indipendentemente o in assenza di Istituzioni. Nel contesto palermitano un impegno agito da una pluralità di soggetti culturali già attivi sul territorio, riuniti in un’assemblea pubblica (Palermo si cura), durante il periodo del primo lockdown hanno dato vita ad azioni di mutuo soccorso per rispondere all’emergenza ec…
TOWARDS THE DECARBONIZATION OF THE EU BUILDING STOCK: AN INTEGRATED BUILDING STOCK RENOVATION MODELING APPROACH
2020
In Europe, the residential building stock is responsible for about 40% of the energy demand and about 36% of the CO2 emission at global level. Considering that almost 70% of the existing building stock will still be used in 2050, a long-term vision is needed to align with future challenges to avoid having significant increases in carbon emissions. The European policymakers have a long-recognized potential energy saving associated with the renovation of the existing building stocks, as demonstrated by the directives on the Energy performance of buildings (EPBD), introducing also the need to developed an integrated buildings design approach with environmental analysis. The purpose of this the…
Interferenza tra il livello dell’oggetto e attributi di base in stimuli visivi: studio su pazienti con lesione cerebrale.
2011
Introduzione. In compiti di ricerca visiva i processi top-down coinvolti nel riconoscimento della forma dell’oggetto possono interferire nella elaborazione bottom-up degli attributi elementari che compongono l’oggetto. La performance in tali compiti può essere facilitata dopo inibizione selettiva della corteccia parietale destra tramite r-TMS. In questo studio abbiamo indagato il ruolo di lesioni cerebrali nei compiti di ricerca visiva per singole caratteristiche caratterizzati da interferenza tra il livello dell’oggetto e degli attributi elementari. Pazienti con lesione focale del lobo parietale potrebbero paradossalmente non risentire dell’effetto interferente esercitato dal riconosciment…
Exploring the contribution of grassroots innovations to justice: using the capability approach to normatively address bottom-up sustainable transitio…
2020
There is growing interest in the potential of grassroots innovations for the transition towards more just and sustainable societies. Nevertheless, there is lack of clear normative discussion regarding these processes. The paper strives to propose and test a framework that enables an analysis of how and in which sense specific grassroots innovation processes may be contributing to the construction of more just societies. To this end, we connect elements of the multi-level perspective on sociotechnical transitions (frequently used in the analysis of grassroots innovations) with elements of the capability approach, which offers a multi-dimensional perspective to justice. The framework is used …
A Top-Down Method for Long-Term Investing
2021
This paper bases long-term investing on a tradeable stochastic discount factor (SDF), relates it to the growth optimal portfolio and argues for a top-down method, where modeling efforts are directed at capturing its long-run dynamics in a generalized setting. This differs from the common, cumbersome bottom-up method of modeling many risky securities in the marketplace. Various optimal portfolio strategies can be implemented efficiently using fractional expectations of the SDF. This paper illustrates empirically for the US stock market that the proposed method leads to higher wealth, higher returns on investment and higher long-term utility levels.
Multiple SIP strategies and bottom-up adorning in logic query optimization
1990
Preprocessing methods called “readorning” and “bottom-up adorning” are introduced as means of enlarging the application domain of magic sets and related query optimization strategies for logic databases. Readorning tries to make possible the simultaneous use of multiple sideways information passing (sip) strategies defined for a rule, thus yielding an optimization effect that may not be achieved by any particular choice of sip strategies. Bottom-up adorning is used to make magic sets applicable to cases in which potential optimizations can be derived from bindings coming upwards from rule bodies to rule heads in bottom-up evaluation. These include the cases in which we know that some base r…
The Urban Park as a "Social Island". The ANP in the Participatory Project of Parco Uditore in Palermo
2019
An urban park provides many environmental and recreational facilities and services, and moreover it may become a catalyst for social energies and an instrument of community identification. This paper analyses whether participation and bottom-up planning may compensate institutional absences in implementation of urban parks, and how multiple criteria model may support socially shared decisions about their management. These issues are examined from the singular case of Parco Uditore in Palermo (Italy) that is located in a land which has been surprisingly undeveloped, despite the expansion of the city. The phases of promotion, planning and implementation of the park were the result of a synerg…