Search results for " budget"

Low temperature trumps high food availability to determine the distribution of intertidal mussels Perna perna in South Africa

2016

Explanations of species distributions often assume that the absence of a species is due to its inability to tolerate an environmental variable. Recent modelling techniques based on the dynamic energy budget (DEB) theory offer an effective way of identifying how interacting environmental parameters influence distributions through non-lethal effects on growth and development. The mussel Perna perna is an abundant ecosystem engineer around the coasts of Africa, South America and the Arabian peninsula, with an unexplained 1500 km lacuna in its distribution on the west coast of South Africa. We used a DEB approach to explain its distribution in southern Africa and test the hypothesis that this l…

A survey of carbon sequestration potential of orchards and vineyards in Italy

2016

Orchards and vineyards are important land use types in Southern Europe. In spite of their potential to sequester atmospheric C and to mitigate climate change, relatively little is known regarding the influx and outflux of C in these systems. The aim of this work is to provide data on the C budget, including net primary production (NPP), C removal through production, and C sequestration potential for the vineyards and the main fruit tree species (apple, citrus, olive, and peach) grown in Italy. Standing biomass and NPP were measured, and net ecosystem exchange and net C balance assessed directly, through either eddy covariance technique, or considering NPP and heterotrophic respiration. Abov…

Effect of Multiple Stressors on marine organism predicted and quantified through bioenergetic mechanistic models

Anthropogenic pressure on coastal ecosystems is vast and diverse, simultaneous impacts such as pollution, eutrophication and fishing pressure nowadays add up and interact with the effects of climate change (e.g., global warming, acidification and sea level rise). The magnitude of these effects on marine species and their replies can vary and the possible changes can depend on: i) species life-histories (LH) traits, ii) local environmental conditions and iii) contextual presence of more than one anthropogenic related stressor. The study of a single anthropogenic disturbance or Climate Change-derived alteration on multi-level ecological responses is misleading and generates unrealistic conclu…

High-efficiency silicon-compatible photodetectors based on Ge quantum dots

2011

We report on high responsivity, broadband metal/insulator/semiconductor photodetectors with amorphous Ge quantum dots (a-Ge QDs) as the active absorbers embedded in a silicon dioxide matrix. Spectral responsivities between 1-4 A/W are achieved in the 500-900 nm wavelength range with internal quantum efficiencies (IQEs) as high as ∼700%. We investigate the role of a-Ge QDs in the photocurrent generation and explain the high IQE as a result of transport mechanisms via photoexcited QDs. These results suggest that a-Ge QDs are promising for high-performance integrated optoelectronic devices that are fully compatible with silicon technology in terms of fabrication and thermal budget. © 2011 Amer…

Comparison of top of the atmosphere GERB measured radiances with independent radiative transfer simulations obtained at the Valencia Anchor Station a…

2005

The purpose of this work is to compare top of the atmosphere (TOA) radiances as measured by the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) instrument on board the METEOSAT-8 (METEOSAT Second Generation) satellite to equivalent independent radiances obtained from radiative transfer simulations performed using surface and atmospheric measured parameters gathered during the GERB Surface Ground Validation Campaign at the Valencia Anchor Station (VAS) reference area in February 2004. In this paper we try to extend the methodology previously developed and tested for the NASA Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) instrument in the framework of the SEVIRI and GERB Cal/val Area for L…

The airborne mass spectrometer AIMS – Part 1: AIMS-H<sub>2</sub>O for UTLS water vapor measurements

2016

Abstract. In the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS), the accurate quantification of low water vapor concentrations has presented a significant measurement challenge. The instrumental uncertainties are passed on to estimates of H2O transport, cloud formation and the role of H2O in the UTLS energy budget and resulting effects on surface temperatures. To address the uncertainty in UTLS H2O determination, the airborne mass spectrometer AIMS-H2O, with in-flight calibration, has been developed for fast and accurate airborne water vapor measurements. We present a new setup to measure water vapor by direct ionization of ambient air. Air is sampled via a backward facing inlet that inclu…

La constitucionalización de la estabilidad presupuestaria en Estados Unidos: lecciones de un debate inacabado

2017

El presente artículo tiene por objeto el estudio de la problemática jurídica que ha suscitado a lo largo de la reciente historia de los Estados Unidos la posible constitucionalización de la estabilidad presupuestaria, analizando las repercusiones de ésta a través de las experiencias estatales y del complejo marco institucional de la democracia norteamericana a nivel federal. Con ello, se perfilarán las cuestiones que más dudas suscitan en torno a la balanced budget desde el prisma constitucional y que pueden repetirse en cualquier proceso de similares características.Recibido: 28 agosto 2017Aceptado: 28 noviembre 2017Publicación en línea: 27 diciembre 2017

Mercury concentration, speciation and budget in volcanic aquifers: Italy and Guadeloupe (Lesser Antilles)

2009

Abstract Quantifying the contribution of volcanism to global mercury (Hg) emissions is important to understand the pathways and the mechanisms of Hg cycling through the Earth's geochemical reservoirs and to assess its environmental impacts. While previous studies have suggested that degassing volcanoes might contribute importantly to the atmospheric budget of mercury, little is known about the amount and behaviour of Hg in volcanic aquifers. Here we report on detailed investigations of both the content and the speciation of mercury in aquifers of active volcanoes in Italy and Guadeloupe Island (Lesser Antilles). In the studied groundwaters, total Hg (THg) concentrations range from 10 to 500…

Beyond budgeting since inception: what is the status?

2017

Master's thesis Business Administration BE501 - University of Agder 2017 The Beyond Budgeting idea as developed by Hope and Fraser (1997) has been in existence for almost twenty years, yet, the research community still has divergent views on whether the concept is a better management accounting tool for organizations’ management control system or not. Also, whether it has received attention in research community like other management accounting tools such as Traditional Budgeting and Balanced Scorecard. On this notion, this study is developed to investigate the status of the research discourse on the concept to gain relevant knowledge. Inspired by Scapens and Bromwich (2001) and built on Ac…

Les commissions de quartier à l’heure de l’engagement écocitoyen, à Dijon : entre communication stratégique publique locale et construction d’un espa…

2018

This doctoral thesis in Information and Communication Science explores the question of eco-citizen commitment in the neighborhood commissions of Dijon. Many academic or more popular publications in different fields of research (Information and Communication Science, social and environmental psychology, political science, law, philosophy, ecology, etc.) have addressed this issue in recent years. Once the actors of the question had been defined (the inhabitants, elected officials, technicians, representatives of structures and associations, etc.), it was possible to study different instances of participatory democracy in Dijon. The following question ensued : "How are the neighborhood commiss…