Search results for " cere"
showing 10 items of 1256 documents
A Trans-Omics Comparison Reveals Common Gene Expression Strategies in Four Model Organisms and Exposes Similarities and Differences between Them.
2021
AbstractThe ultimate goal of gene regulation should focus on the protein level. However, as mRNA is an obligate intermediary, and because the amounts of mRNAs and proteins are controlled by their synthesis and degradation rates, the cellular amount of a given protein can be attained following different strategies. By studying omics datasets for six expression variables (mRNA and protein amounts, plus their synthesis and decay rates), we previously demonstrated the existence of common expression strategies (CES) for functionally-related genes in the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae. Here we extend that study to two other eukaryotes: the distantly related yeastSchizosaccharomyces pombeand cultur…
Iron-loaded transferrin (Tf) is detrimental whereas iron-free Tf confers protection against brain ischemia by modifying blood Tf saturation and subse…
2018
Despite transferrin being the main circulating carrier of iron in body fluids, and iron overload conditions being known to worsen stroke outcome through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage, the contribution of blood transferrin saturation (TSAT) to stroke brain damage is unknown. The objective of this study was to obtain evidence on whether TSAT determines the impact of experimental ischemic stroke on brain damage and whether iron-free transferrin (apotransferrin, ATf)-induced reduction of TSAT is neuroprotective. We found that experimental ischemic stroke promoted an early extravasation of circulating iron-loaded transferrin (holotransferrin, HTf) to the ischemic brain parenchyma.…
Dom34 Links Translation to Protein O-mannosylation.
2016
In eukaryotes, Dom34 upregulates translation by securing levels of activatable ribosomal subunits. We found that in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans, Dom34 interacts genetically with Pmt1, a major isoform of protein O-mannosyltransferase. In C. albicans, lack of Dom34 exacerbated defective phenotypes of pmt1 mutants, while they were ameliorated by Dom34 overproduction that enhanced Pmt1 protein but not PMT1 transcript levels. Translational effects of Dom34 required the 5′-UTR of the PMT1 transcript, which bound recombinant Dom34 directly at a CA/AC-rich sequence and regulated in vitro translation. Polysomal profiling revealed that Dom34 stimu…
Functional Genomics in Wine Yeast: DNA Arrays and Next Generation Sequencing
2017
Since their very beginning, DNA array and next-generation sequencing technologies have been used with Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. In the last 7 years, an increasing number of studies have focused on the study of wine strains and winemaking. The uncovering of the genomic features of these strains and expression profiles under the different stressful conditions that they have to deal with have contributed significantly to the knowledge of how this amazing microorganism can convert grape must into a drink that has enormously influenced mankind for 7000 years.This review presents a synopsis of DNA array and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies and focus mainly in their use in study…
Evolution of yeast populations during different biodynamic winemaking processes
2016
This work was performed to evaluate the evolution of indigenous yeasts during wine productions carried out following the principles of biodynamic agriculture. Five trials were designed with different technological interventions consisting of the addition of nitrogen (in the form of ammonium salt), thiamine salt, oxygen, and pied de cuvee at varying concentrations. Yeasts were estimated by haemocytometer chamber and plate counts and identified by sequencing of the D1/D2 domain of the 26S rRNA gene. The isolates identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae were found to dominate must fermentations and were genetically differentiated by interdelta sequence analysis (ISA). Several non-Saccharomyces s…
On the origins and industrial applications ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae×Saccharomyces kudriavzeviihybrids
2017
Companies based on alcoholic fermentation products, such as wine, beer and biofuels, use yeasts to make their products. Each industrial process utilizes different media conditions, which differ in sugar content, the presence of inhibitors and fermentation temperature. Saccharomyces cerevisiae has traditionally been the main yeast responsible for most fermentation processes. However, the market is changing due to consumer demand and external factors such as climate change. Some processes, such as biofuel production or winemaking, require new yeasts to solve specific challenges, especially those associated with sustainability, novel flavours and altered alcohol content. One of the proposed so…
Comparative morphological characteristics of three Brettanomyces bruxellensis wine strains in the presence/absence of sulfur dioxide
2016
International audience; The red wine spoilage yeast Brettanomyces bruxellensis has been the subject of numerous investigations. Some of these studies focused on spoilage mechanisms, sulfur dioxide tolerance and nutrient requirements. Pseudomycelium formation, although a striking feature of this species, has however been poorly investigated. Furthermore, literature regarding the induction mechanism of pseudomycelium formation in this yeast is limited and lacks clarity, as results published are contradictory. This study elucidates this phenomenon among strains from geographically different areas. Potential environmental cues were investigated, to attain a better understanding of this mechanis…
Cellobiose fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Comparative analysis of intra versus extracellular sugar hydrolysis
2018
Abstract A prevalent procedure for the production of second generation bioethanol makes use of engineered yeast strains capable to hydrolyze cellobiose either in the cytosol or extracellularly. These two approaches have been compared in this study. For intracellular cellobiose hydrolysis, we initially tested three recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains that produced different cytosolic β-glucosidases and the cellodextrin transporter Po_CdtC from Penicillium oxalicum . The strain coexpressing Po_CdtC and the β-glucosidase from Neurospora crassa (NcBgl) showed the highest cellobiase activity but its growth in cellobiose was limited by sugar intake. A search of alternative cellobiose per…
Candida zemplinina for Production of Wines with Less Alcohol and More Glycerol
2016
We developed a new protocol for winery mixed fermentations, using the selected Candida zemplinina yeast strain Cz3. The results of a two-year study, in which red musts (Merlot in 2010; Merlot, Nero d’Avola and Frappato in 2011) were inoculated with Cz3, is discussed. These wines were compared with wines obtained by inoculation with commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strains (NDA21 and AR06 in 2010; NDA21 in 2011), or with those obtained by spontaneous fermentation (only in 2011). The inoculation of Cz3 always resulted in a two-phase fermentation: the first phase was driven by the C. zemplinina strain, while the second was dominated by the indigenous S. cerevisiae yeasts coming from t…
Biotin-Genomic Run-On (Bio-GRO): A High-Resolution Method for the Analysis of Nascent Transcription in Yeast
2016
Transcription is a highly complex biological process, with extensive layers of regulation, some of which remain to be fully unveiled and understood. To be able to discern the particular contributions of the several transcription steps it is crucial to understand RNA polymerase dynamics and regulation throughout the transcription cycle. Here we describe a new nonradioactive run-on based method that maps elongating RNA polymerases along the genome. In contrast with alternative methodologies for the measurement of nascent transcription, the BioGRO method is designed to minimize technical noise that arises from two of the most common sources that affect this type of strategies: contamination wi…