Search results for " changes"
showing 10 items of 824 documents
The effect of aspartame and pH changes on the erosive potential of cola drinks in bovine enamel: an in vitro study
2018
Background The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism behind the different erosive potential of regular and light cola drinks: pH difference and/or aspartame presence. Material and methods Sixty bovine enamel blocks were randomly divided into 5 groups: RC - regular cola, RCpH - addition of base to increase regular cola pH, RCAS - addition of aspartame to regular cola, LC - light cola, and LCpH - addition of acid to decrease light cola pH. Two-thirds of the blocks surface was coated with nail varnish for reference. The samples were daily subjected to four erosive challenges for 2 minutes. Between the erosive challenges (2h) and overnight the samples were maintained in artificial sali…
Variances in the Level of COX-2 and iNOS in Different Grades of Endometrial Cancer.
2019
Background:Many experimental studies have demonstrated the importance of COX-2 in the tumor angiogenesis. Inducible iNOS is responsible for a high and stable level of nitric oxide and is expressed in response to pro-inflammatory factors.Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of COX-2 and iNOS at the protein level and to assess their potential prognostic significance in patients with endometrial cancer.Methods:The study group consisted of 45 women with endometrial cancer divided according to the degree of histological differentiation i.e. G1, 17; G2, 15; G3, 13. The control group consisted of 15 women without neoplastic changes. The expression of studied proteins was …
Resin infiltrant for non-cavitated caries lesions: evaluation of color stability
2017
Background The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the over time color stability of one resin infiltrant (Icon) upon exposure to staining solutions (coffee and wine) compared with one nano-hybrid sealant (Grandio Seal), one transparent fissure sealant with fluoride (Control Seal) and one nanofilled composite (Filtek Supreme XTE). Material and Methods All materials were polymerized according to manufacturers’ instructions into silicon rings (height 1 mm; internal diameter 6 mm; external diameter 8 mm) to obtain specimens identical in size. The specimens were immersed in staining solutions at room temperature over a 28-day test period. The control samples have not been subjected …
The changes in age of peak swim speed for elite male and female Swiss freestyle swimmers between 1994 and 2012
2014
This study determined the age and its changes across years of peak swimming performance from 50 to 1,500 m freestyle. Data of 70,059 Swiss freestyle swimmers (33,725 women and 36,334 men) aged 10-40 years and competing from 50 to 1,500 m were analysed. The association between age and swimming speed of the annual ten fastest swimmers was investigated using single and multi-level hierarchical regression analyses. For women, age of peak swimming speed increased in 50 m from 18.9 (s = 2.3) to 20.4 (s = 4.2) years but decreased in 1,500 m from 25.0 (s = 13.1) (1996) to 18.1 (s = 3.7) years. For 100-800 m, age remained at 19.1 (s = 1.1), 19.3 (s = 1.1), 18.7 (s = 1.5) and 18.5 (s = 1.3) years, re…
Spatio-temporal soil drying in southeastern South America: the importance of effective sampling frequency and observational errors on drydown time sc…
2020
The study of the spatio-temporal dynamics of surface soil moisture (SSM) drydowns integrates the soil response to climatic conditions, drainage and land cover and is key to advances in our knowledg...
El Grand Débat National de Francia : análisis de un proceso participativo multicanal.
2021
En una época de cambios tecnológicos y sociales, la ciudadanía demanda nuevos canales de participación pública. En los últimos tiempos distintos procesos de participación recurren a la opinión ciudadana para adoptar decisiones. El movimiento de los chalecos amarillos desencadenó una ola de protestas en Francia a la que quiso hacerse frente con el Grand Débat National, un proceso participativo multicanal, a distintos niveles administrativos. El estudio de su desarrollo y resultados debe servir para diseñar futuros procesos similares.
El consentimiento en el proceso penal : ¿un oxímoron?
2021
We are involved in a moment of deep changes in Criminal Procedure due, among other reasons, to the permanent expansion of Criminal Law. Legislative modifications have taken place one another over the world and they have led to a functional reformulation of the role played by the protagonists of Criminal Procedure. These changes have not finished yet and the future is still to come, but new elements are already emerging: the consent of the actors of the process and of the victims and the reinforcement of the principle of opportunity are undoubtedly some of them. Probation, diversion, compliance, criminal mediation are institutions that stand on the principle of consent for procedural purpose…
Patients' and physicians' preferences for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatments in Spain and Portugal: a discrete choice experiment.
2015
Objective: To assess Spanish and Portuguese patients' and physicians' preferences regarding type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatments and the monthly willingness to pay (WTP) to gain benefits or avoid side effects. Methods: An observational, multicenter, exploratory study focused on routine clinical practice in Spain and Portugal. Physicians were recruited from multiple hospitals and outpatient clinics, while patients were recruited from eleven centers operating in the public health care system in different autonomous communities in Spain and Portugal. Preferences were measured via a discrete choice experiment by rating multiple T2DM medication attributes. Data were analyzed using the cond…
Carbonate/evaporitic sedimentation during the Messinian salinity crisis in active accretionary wedge basins of the northern Calabria, southern Italy
2020
Abstract This work deals with Messinian deposits belonging to the Neogene infill of the Rossano and Belvedere Basins, respectively developed along the fore-arc and the back-arc areas of the north Calabria accretionary wedge. The main goal is to characterize the carbonate and evaporitic sedimentation during the Messinian Salinity Crisis, in the general framework of the basin architecture and the interplay between eustatic vs tectonic controlled sea-level variations. Fieldwork integrated with seismic lines and well logs interpretations led to the revision of the general stratigraphy of the basins and the proposal of a new sequential stratigraphic model driven by cyclic sea-level variations. E…
Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life.
2021
ABSTRACT Background Physical activity may be a way to increase and maintain fat-free mass (FFM) in later life, similar to the prevention of fractures by increasing peak bone mass. Objectives A study is presented of the association between FFM and physical activity in relation to age. Methods In a cross-sectional study, FFM was analyzed in relation to physical activity in a large participant group as compiled in the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water database. The database included 2000 participants, age 3–96 y, with measurements of total energy expenditure (TEE) and resting energy expenditure (REE) to allow calculation of physical activity level (PAL = TEE/REE), and cal…