Search results for " choice theory."
showing 5 items of 15 documents
La notion de croissance chez Dewey et Rorty
2010
National audience; La notion de croissance revêt deux types d'aspects : quantitatif et qualitatif. Le premier évoque l'accroissement, l'augmentation ou le changement physiologique. Le deuxième concerne l'enrichissement, l'accomplissement de la personne ; il est lié à la tâche éducative. Les philosophes américains John Dewey et Richard Rorty s'accordent à souligner la "nécessaire indétermination" du terme "croissance", afin de laisser ouvertes les perspectives d'évolution. Cependant, leurs points de vue divergent quant à la valorisation des périodes de l'enfance. L'un souligne la créativité et la singularité de l'adolescence, tandis que l'autre se refuse à établir une telle distinction. L'an…
Opinion Dynamics and Collective Decisions
2021
We expect that democracy enables us to utilize collective intelligence such that our collective decisions build and enhance social welfare, and such that we accept their distributive and normative consequences. Collective decisions are produced by voting procedures which aggregate individual preferences and judgments. Before and after, individual preferences and judgments change as their underlying attitudes, values, and opinions change through discussion and deliberation. In large groups, these dynamics naturally go beyond the scope of the individual and consequently might show unexpected self-driven macroscopic systems dynamics following socio-physical laws. On the other hand, aggregated …
Social Choice in the Real World II: Cyclical Preferences and Strategic Voting in the Finnish Presidential Elections
1997
The empirical relevance of the theoretical results of social choice theory is still unclear. The most radical thesis, put forth by William Riker, is that politics is a highly unstable process, characterized by preference cycles and strategic voting. This article - a continuation of an earlier article published in this journal - examines the Finnish presidential election in 1925, 1931, 1937 and 1982. The conclusion is that preference cycle and strategic voting have had a significant impact in the discussed cases. The relevancy of the social choice approach and its relation to historical research are discussed.
On the trail of local welfare innovations in rural Finland
2019
Final Draft In Finland, the rural areas have been most affected by the developments threatening the survival of the welfare state as well as by conflicting efforts to save it. However, there are rural communities that have—as a response to the mainstream policy emphasizing economic efficiency and individual responsibility—developed innovative solutions to secure their welfare. Based on a case study focusing on two of such communities, these local welfare innovations are a result from a combination of external causes and local resources including the sense of community and a diverse enough community structure. The authors argue that in the context of welfare policy, the promotion of local we…
Investigating the Impact of Organizational Culture on Information Security Policy Compliance : The Case of Ethiopia
2021
Information security is one of the organizations' top agendas worldwide. Similarly, there is a growing trend in the kinds and rate of security breaches. Information security experts and scholars concentrate on outsiders' threats; conversely, insiders are responsible for most of the security breaches in organizations. Further, the majority of information security research findings are limited to solutions that are technically focused. However, it is now recognized that the technological approach alone does not carry the security level needed. So this led researchers to embark on socio-technical approaches. Thus, this study explores organizational culture's effect on employees' intention to c…