Search results for " cohort study"
showing 10 items of 3126 documents
Tacrolimus effects and side effects after liver transplantation: is there a difference between immediate and extended release?
2012
Abstract Background Immunosuppressive therapy after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) requires a high degree of patient compliance to guarantee safety and avoid side effects. In 2007, prolonged-release tacrolimus was launched in Europe to improve compliance. In this prospective observational crossover single-center trial, we analyzed effects and side effects of prolonged-release tacrolimus in OLT patients. Methods LT patients at our center were included if they were older than l8 years of age, had had the procedure at least 6 months prior, and were outpatients currently on twice-daily tacrolimus. Patients were observed for 6 months before switching to once-daily tacrolimus. Patient his…
The evaluation of metabolic parameters and insulin sensitivity for a more robust diagnosis of the polycystic ovary syndrome
2007
BACKGROUND: Insulin glargine is a once-daily basal insulin analog with prolonged duration of action and absence of an evident peak. Glargine is associated with reduced frequency of hypoglycemic episodes (mostly nocturnal) as well as effective glycemic control. Maintenance of good metabolic control before conception and throughout pregnancy is essential to lower the risk of fetal malformations. Glargine might be a valuable alternative in the management of pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus. However, because its clinical utility has not been established, the use of glargine is not currently recommended during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluat…
Morphine versus methadone in the pain treatment of advanced-cancer patients followed up at home
1998
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic and adverse effects and the doses of methadone in comparison to morphine. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective randomized study was performed in a sample of 40 patients with advanced cancer who required strong opioids for their pain management. Patients were treated with sustained-release morphine or methadone in doses titrated against the effect administered two or three times daily according to clinical need. Opioid doses, adjuvant medications, symptoms associated with opioid therapy, pain intensity, and pain mechanisms were recorded. The opioid escalation indices in percentage (OEI%) and milligrams (OEImg) were calculated. The eff…
Appropriateness of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Antidepressants in Routine Psychiatric Inpatient Care
2006
Although there is sufficient evidence of the benefits of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for optimizing antidepressant therapy, its current use in routine care is far from optimal. As a prerequisite for developing improvement strategies, the appropriateness of TDM use was investigated in a psychiatric hospital in which TDM is applied routinely to a large extent. A retrospective analysis of all patients admitted in 2003 with a unipolar depressive disorder was performed. Based on detailed chart review, for all TDM tests, the time of blood sample taking in relation to the medication process and the consequences of the TDM results for clinical decision making were analyzed. Altogether, 748 pl…
Non-adherence to psychotropic medication assessed by plasma level in newly admitted psychiatric patients: Prevalence before acute admission.
2019
Aims Non-adherence or partial adherence to psychotropic medication is found in 18-70% of patients. Many previously used methods for the assessment of adherence (e.g. questionnaires, pill counts, and electronic systems), however, might underreport actual rates of non-adherence to medication. The aim of this study was to quantify adherence using plasma level. Methods We conducted a 6-week prospective study of all consecutive admitted patients at the Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Clinics of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, who had been treated with antipsychotics/antidepressants prior to admission (pre-medication dosage in 161 of 233). Plasma drug levels were determined and compared …
Cumulative newborn rates increase with the total number of transferred embryos according to an analysis of 15,792 ovum donation cycles
2011
Objective To measure the success of in vitro fertilization (IVF) of donated ova according to cumulative newborn rates (CNBR) per number of embryos required to achieve at least one newborn (EmbR), considering in addition the relevance of age and infertility etiology. Design Survival curves and Kaplan-Meier methods were employed to analyze CNBR with respect to the number of EmbR in a retrospective cohort of oocyte donation recipients. Setting University-affiliated infertility center. Patient(s) Infertile couples undergoing IVF with oocyte donation. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) CNBR per EmbR. Result(s) The CNBR increased radically (up to 64.8%) between 1 and 5 EmbR, moderately…
Determinants of short term recurrence rate of endometriosis
2005
Objective: To analyse the frequency and the determinants of recurrence rate of clinically detectable endometriosis. Study design: Prospective cohort multicenter study. Eligible for the study were all women observed for the first time during the period January–June 1998 at the participating centres with a laparoscopically confirmed first diagnosis of endometriosis. After diagnosis, patients were treated according to standard care of each centre and desire for pregnancy. The protocol required all women to be followed up at the centre each year for 2 years with a clinical examination, an ultrasound pelvic examination and a CA125 assay, unless pregnancy occurred. Second look laparoscopy was per…
Is endometrial receptivity transcriptomics affected in women with endometriosis? A pilot study
2015
Endometrial receptivity is still questioned today in women with endometriosis. The aim of this study was to assess the endometrial receptivity gene signature in patients with different stages of endometriosis by investigating transcriptomic modifications of their endometrium using the endometrial receptivity array (ERA) test. A prospective, interventional multicentre pilot trial was designed and implemented in two university-affiliated infertility units from Belgium and Spain. Gene expression microarray was used to diagnose the receptivity status by quantifying the expression of 238 specific genes directly related to human endometrial receptivity. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering showed…
Endovascular treatment of head and neck arteriovenous malformations: long-term angiographic and quality of life results.
2016
AimTo present the long-term angiographic and subjective results of patients with head and neck arteriovenous malformations (HNAVMs) after endovascular treatment.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the medical files of 14 patients with HNAVM who were treated between 2000 and 2014. The treatment of choice was a transarterial superselective microcatheter-based approach followed by embolization using liquid embolic agents. The patients were asked to answer a quality of life questionnaire about the following symptoms before and after treatment: pain, functional impairment, cosmetic deformity, impairment in daily life, and bleeding.ResultsComplete or >90% closure of the AVM was achieved in 6 of…
Effects of Early Postfiltration Ocular Hypotony on Visual Acuity, Long-term Intraocular Pressure Control, and Posterior Segment Morphology
2001
Purpose To determine whether hypotony after filtration surgery has any influence on visual acuity and intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering. Patients and methods We prospectively investigated 43 eyes of 43 patients undergoing trabeculectomy without the use of antimetabolites for 12 months. Results The lowest postoperative IOP valued 4.9 +/- 3.6 mm Hg (range, 0-14 mm Hg). It correlated statistically significant with the IOP 6 weeks (P = 0.016), 6 months (P = 0.009), and 1 year after surgery (P = 0.027). Eyes with a deterioration of visual acuity 6 weeks after surgery had undergone a stronger postoperative hypotony (correlation with lowest postoperative IOP, P = 0.035). The mean period with an …