Search results for " complication"

Is kidney a new organ target in patients with obstructive sleep apnea? Research priorities in a rapidly evolving field.

2021

Abstract The bidirectional relationship between sleep disordered breathing and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has recently gained a lot of interest. Several lines of evidence suggest the high prevalence of coexistent obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In addition, OSA seems to result in loss of kidney function in some patients, especially in those with cardio-metabolic comorbidities. Treatment of CKD/ESRD and OSA can alter the natural history of each other; still better phenotyping with selection of appropriate treatment approaches is urgently needed. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an update of recent studies on epidemiologic…

Perioperative management of obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review

2018

Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the leading sleep disordered breathing condition, with a prevalence rate of moderate to severe OSA of approximately 10-17% in the general population. Evidence acquisition We performed an Ovid-Medline search of all articles published up to August 2016. We included all articles providing updated evidence on epidemiology, pathophysiologic mechanisms and perioperative interventions. Evidence synthesis OSA is associated with a number of comorbidities and increased perioperative risks. Although in-laboratory polysomnography represents the gold-standard for diagnosis of OSA, it is costly and time-consuming. Anesthesiologists may screen patients for OSA…

Predicting adverse obstetric outcome after early pregnancy events and complications: a review.

2009

BACKGROUND The aim was to evaluate the impact of early pregnancy events and complications as predictors of adverse obstetric outcome. METHODS We conducted a literature review on the impact of first trimester complications in previous and index pregnancies using Medline and Cochrane databases covering the period 1980-2008. RESULTS Clinically relevant associations of adverse outcome in the subsequent pregnancy with an odds ratio (OR) > 2.0 after complications in a previous pregnancy are the risk of perinatal death after a single previous miscarriage, the risk of very preterm delivery (VPTD) after two or more miscarriages, the risk of placenta praevia, premature preterm rupture of membranes, V…

Prevention of intrauterine post-surgical adhesions in hysteroscopy. A systematic review

2016

Abstract Objective The purpose of the present review is to provide a survey of the various measures of preventing adhesions used in hysteroscopic surgery. Study Design A systematic computerized literature search was conducted to provide a survey of the various measures used in hysteroscopic surgery to prevent adhesions. Finally, 29 studies were included in the analysis, showing a wide variety of methods and agents advocated in international literature. They are explained in various sections, based on the IUA prevention approach adopted (surgical technique, early second-look hysteroscopy, barrier method, pharmacological therapy). Results The results of our review show that (i) use of surgica…

Morphology of placental villi after premature delivery and its clinical relevance

1986

Based on a new concept of maturation of the placental villous tree and its disorders (synchronous and asynchronous immaturity, asynchronous maturity, hyperpermaturity, and terminal villi deficiency) we studied the possible effect of the placental villous tree on the premature onset of labour. In mature normal neonates irregular and asynchronous villous patterns were found in 50% of cases. In prematurely delivered neonates, only 33% of the corresponding placentas show synchronous immature villous patterns. Uterine bleeding in the first trimester was associated with a 42% of incidence of premature maturation of the villous tree. These findings strengthen the idea that hormonal imbalance in ea…

Female underweight and risk of ectopic pregnancy.

2020

Goals of Care in Emergency Abdominal Surgery in the Elderly and Frail Patient

2021

Elderly and frail patients are often those at highest risk during surgical procedures both in terms of intraoperative complications and postoperative outcome. It is clear that the best therapeutic result in the elderly and frail patient can be obtained through multidisciplinary management of the problem. In the management of elderly and frail patients undergoing to emergency surgery, we can make a series of considerations that guide our decision-making process. First, correct diagnosis can be difficult because of the impaired cognitive and physical status of the patient or other clinical conditions and medications that mask signs and symptoms. Second, the choice of the treatment to be carri…

Serum markers for early detection of patients with mesenteric ischemia after cardiac surgery

2018

AbstractObjectiveMesenteric ischemia (MESI) is a rare but often fatal complication in patients after cardiac surgery. Non-specific clinical symptoms and lack of specific laboratory parameters complicate the diagnosis. We evaluated potential serum markers for MESI in cardiac surgery patients.MethodsBetween March and October 2012, serial serum samples of 567 elective cardiac surgery patients were collected 1, 24, and 48 h after the operation, and concentrations of potential markers for MESI [α-glutathione-S-transferase (αGST), intestinal fatty-acid-binding protein (iFABP), and D-lactate] were measured retrospectively. In patients requiring laparotomy, blood samples obtained 72, 48, 24, and 12…

CT evaluation of the renal donor and recipient

2018

Proper pre- and post-transplant diagnostic imaging work-up is fundamental in ensuring a successful outcome for renal transplantation. Despite exposure to ionizing radiation, CT has high spatial resolution and is a widely available and fast imaging technique. CT is performed routinely to delineate the anatomy of the kidney, relevant vasculature, and urinary collecting system in the living donor, to assess the iliac vessels in potential recipients prior to surgery, and to assess early and late-term post-transplant complications. The purpose of this article is to outline the optimal CT protocol and the main reportable findings for both the donor and the recipient diagnostic imaging work-up as …

Single Preoperative Oral Application of Ascorbic Acid Does Not Affect Postoperative Plasma Levels of Ascorbic Acid

2002

<i>Background and Aims:</i> A decrease in ascorbic acid (AA) plasma concentration is well known during the postoperative period and postulated to be caused by increased radical scavenging activity in response to surgical trauma. This often affects postoperative patients and is associated with multiple organ failure. Therefore, substitution of AA could potentially decrease the risk of postoperative complications. This study examines the effect of preoperative oral administration of 1,000 mg AA on the postoperative AA plasma concentration. <i>Methods:</i> 54 patients were randomly split into two groups; patients in group 1 received no AA preoperatively while group 2 re…