Search results for " composition"
showing 10 items of 1437 documents
Humic Substances for Agricultural Applications: Properties and Challenges
2021
Nowadays, humic substances, the main organic components of soils and many fossil sediments, are becoming a material of wide application in agriculture and many technologies. Elemental, functional and spectral (UV, fluorescence, FTIR, 13C NMR spectra) analysis of industrially produced, as well as reference humic substances demonstrate significant differences in properties of humic substances depending on their origin, and thus, their potential application in agriculture. For authentication of humic substances’ origin, their elemental composition, as well as stable isotope (δC, δN, δO) ratios can be used.
Characterization of Sorolla's gouache pigments by means of spectroscopic techniques
2016
Abstract This paper presents the characterization of the Joaquin Sorolla's gouache sketches for the oil on canvas series “Vision of Spain” commissioned by A. M. Huntington to decorate the library of the Hispanic Society of America in New York. The analyses were focused on the identification of the elemental composition of the gouache pigments by means of portable EDXRF spectrometry in a non-destructive mode. Additionally, SEM-EDX and FTIR analyses of a selected set of micro-samples were carried out to identify completely the pigments, the paint technique and the binding media. The obtained results have confirmed the identification of lead and zinc white, vermillion, earth pigments, ochre, z…
Elemental composition of seasoning products
2007
The elemental composition of seasoning products, like spices garlic and onion, has been reviewed paying special attention to methods proposed in the literature to determine specific elements or as much as possible components of these products which are widespread used in food preservation or food flavouring and can contribute to the intake of both, essential and toxic elements. Sample treatment and metal speciation aspects have been critically revised concerning onion, garlic and pepper (the most commonly studied products).
COMPOSITION OF REFUSE DERIVED FUELS IN LATVIA AND ESTONIA IN COMPARISION WITH WORLDWIDE AVERAGE VALUES
2019
Information about composition of RDF worldwide was collected using literature analysis. RDF samples produced in Latvia and Estonia were collected, those fractional and elemental composition analyzed using standard methods. Comparing obtained results with worldwide data we have found that the quality of local RDFs in general is higher than typical values, while elevated content of chlorine must be mentioned as a problem. Results also show that majority of chlorine in studied samples exists in organic form. Recommendations to overcome this problem have been developed.
Chemical composition of modern and fossil Hippopotamid teeth and implications for paleoenvironmental reconstructions and enamel formation – Part 1: M…
2012
Bioapatite in mammalian teeth is readily preserved in continental sediments and represents a very important archive for reconstructions of environment and climate evolution. This project provides a comprehensive data base of major, minor and trace element and isotope tracers for tooth apatite using a variety of microanalytical techniques. The aim is to identify specific sedimentary environments and to improve our understanding on the interaction between internal metabolic processes during tooth formation and external nutritional control and secondary alteration effects. Here, we use the electron microprobe to determine the major and minor element contents of fossil and modern molar enamel, …
The effects of muscle mass and muscle quality on cardio-metabolic risk in peripubertal girls: a longitudinal study from childhood to early adulthood.
2017
Increased cardio-metabolic risk is well documented in children and adolescents with obesity and normal weight obesity (NWO). However, the associations of muscle mass and muscle quality with cardio-metabolic risk, independent of weight status from childhood to adulthood, has not been examined. A total of 236 girls were followed from pre-puberty to early adulthood. Fat mass (FM) and lean mass (LM) of the whole body were assessed by a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA), muscle density (mDen; skeletal muscle fat content) of the lower leg by the peripheral quantitative computerized tomography; and blood glucose, insulin, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotei…
A systematic literature review on less common natural fibres and their biocomposites
2018
Abstract Interest in utilization of renewable resources is increasing because of public's environmental awareness and economic considerations. Lignocellulosic fibres have already attracted growing attention as reinforcement of polymeric matrices instead of synthetic ones (mainly glass) from the academic and industrial fields. In addition to kenaf, hemp, sisal, flax and jute, which are the subject of extensive investigations for composite applications since the 1970s, in the last years several researchers suggested the use of less common natural fibres, due to their low cost and availability. This paper reviews the extraction methods, chemical, morphological, thermal and mechanical propertie…
Heat stroke risk for open-water swimmers during long-distance events.
2013
Open-water swimming is a rapidly growing sport discipline worldwide, and clinical problems associated with long-distance swimming are now better recognized and managed more effectively. The most prevalent medical risk associated with an open-water swimming event is hypothermia; therefore, the Federation Internationale De Natation (FINA) has instituted 2 rules to reduce this occurrence related to the minimum water temperature and the time taken to complete the race. Another medical risk that is relevant to open-water swimmers is heat stroke, a condition that can easily go unnoticed. The purpose of this review is to shed light on this physiological phenomenon by examining the physiological re…
Inferring Population Structure from Early Life Stage: The Case of the European Anchovy in the Sicilian and Maltese Shelves
2022
The European anchovy is an important fishing resource in the Sicilian Channel that supports a high recruitment success variability. The presence of two spawning areas, the drifting of the larvae along the currents and the different oceanographic conditions within the region suggest the presence of different larvae subpopulations. Morphometric and biochemical approaches have been used to analyze the differences among larvae collected. The amino acid composition discriminates two larval groups closely related to the spawning regions: Adventure Bank and the shelf between the South of Sicily and Malta. In addition, there are morphometric and growth differences between recently hatched larvae in…
Sterol Digestion in Plant Sterol-Enriched Foods: Bioaccessibility and Fermentation
2021
Plant sterol-enriched foods have proved to lower serum total and low-density lipoproteins-cholesterol concentration, so they have faced a great increase in the market over the past 20 years through accepted health claims. This chapter provides an overall and critical picture on the current knowledge and future perspectives regarding bioaccessibility and fermentation of sterols contained in plant sterol-enriched food products, particularly focused on the effect of food matrix composition, as well as different in vitro gastrointestinal digestion methodologies, and the role of microbiota in the sterol degradation. The final objective of this chapter is to evince the different aspects of the di…