Search results for " convergence."
showing 10 items of 251 documents
Gender differences and gender convergence in alcohol use over the past three decades (1984–2008), The HUNT Study, Norway
2016
Background: To examine changes in men‘s and women’s drinking in Norway over a 20-year period, in order to learn whether such changes have led to gender convergence in alcohol drinking. Methods: Repeated cross-sectional studies (in 1984–86, 1995–97, and 2006–08) of a large general population living in a geographically defined area (county) in Norway. Information about alcohol drinking is based on self-report questionnaires. Not all measures were assessed in all three surveys. Results: Adult alcohol drinking patterns have changed markedly over a 20-year period. Abstaining has become rarer while consumption and rates of recent drinking and problematic drinking have increased. Most changes were…
Convergence Properties of Genuine Bernstein–Durrmeyer Operators
2018
The genuine Bernstein–Durrmeyer operators have notable approximation properties, and many papers have been written on them. In this paper, we introduce a modified genuine Bernstein–Durrmeyer operators. Some approximation results, which include local approximation, error estimation in terms of the modulus of continuity and weighted approximation is obtained. Also, a quantitative Voronovskaya-type approximation will be studied. The convergence of these operators to certain functions is shown by illustrative graphics using MAPLE algorithms.
Last Interglacial Hydroclimate Seasonality Reconstructed From Tropical Atlantic Corals
2018
The seasonality of hydroclimate during past periods of warmer than modern global temperatures is a critical component for understanding future climate change scenarios. Although only partially analogous to these scenarios, the last interglacial (LIG, Marine Isotope Stage 5e, ~127–117 ka) is a popular test bed. We present coral δ18O monthly resolved records from multiple Bonaire (southern Caribbean) fossil corals (Diploria strigosa) that date to between 130 and 118 ka. These records represent up to 37 years and cover a total of 105 years, offering insights into the seasonality and characteristics of LIG tropical Atlantic hydroclimate. Our coral δ18O records and available coral Sr/Ca-sea surf…
Palaeoenvironmental changes in the arid and subarid belt (Sahara-Sahel-Arabian peninsula) from 150 kyr to present
2004
The PEP III Arid to Subarid Belt includes the largest hot desert in the world, the Sahara- Arabian desert and the Sahel zone. The region of interest extends south of the Atlas Mountains and south and east of the Mediterranean Sea to approximately 10 °N and shows a broadly zonal pattern with a varying seasonal distribution of precipitation. In the north (ca. 20–23 °N), rainfall results from the southward displacement of the midlatitude westerlies during winter whereas the south is governed by seasonal northward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Contraction and expansion phases of these presently semi-arid to hyper-arid desert areas result from significant changes in loc…
VERTICAL MOTION CHANGES RELATED TO NORTH-EAST BRAZIL RAINFALL VARIABILITY: A GCM SIMULATION
1996
The atmospheric structure over north-east Brazil during anomalous rainfall years is studied in the 11 levels of the outputs of the Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique atmospheric general circulation model (LMD AGCM). Seven 19-year simulations were performed using observed sea-surface temperature (SST) corresponding to the period 1970– 1988. The ensemble mean is calculated for each month of the period, leading to an ensemble-averaged simulation. The simulated March-April rainfall is in good agreement with observations. Correlations of simulated rainfall and three SST indices relative to the equatorial Pacific and northern and southern parts of the Atlantic Ocean exhibit stronger relationsh…
The convergence of the perturbed Newton method and its application for ill-conditioned problems
2011
Abstract Iterative methods, such as Newton’s, behave poorly when solving ill-conditioned problems: they become slow (first order), and decrease their accuracy. In this paper we analyze deeply and widely the convergence of a modified Newton method, which we call perturbed Newton, in order to overcome the usual disadvantages Newton’s one presents. The basic point of this method is the dependence of a parameter affording a degree of freedom that introduces regularization. Choices for that parameter are proposed. The theoretical analysis will be illustrated through examples.
On properties of the iterative maximum likelihood reconstruction method
1989
In this paper, we continue our investigations6 on the iterative maximum likelihood reconstruction method applied to a special class of integral equations of the first kind, where one of the essential assumptions is the positivity of the kernel and the given right-hand side. Equations of this type often occur in connection with the determination of density functions from measured data. There are certain relations between the directed Kullback–Leibler divergence and the iterative maximum likelihood reconstruction method some of which were already observed by other authors. Using these relations, further properties of the iterative scheme are shown and, in particular, a new short and elementar…
Global sensitivity analysis in wastewater treatment modelling
2019
Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) is a valuable tool to support the use of mathematical models. GSA allows the identifcation of the effect of model and input factor uncertainty on the model response, also considering the effect due to the interactions among factors. During recent years, the wastewater modelling feld has embraced the use of GSA. Wastewater modellers have tried to transfer the knowledge and experience from other disciplines and other water modelling felds.
Convergence for varying measures in the topological case
2023
In this paper convergence theorems for sequences of scalar, vector and multivalued Pettis integrable functions on a topological measure space are proved for varying measures vaguely convergent.
Convergence of subdifferentials and normal cones in locally uniformly convex Banach space
2014
International audience; In this paper we study the behaviour of normal cones and subdifferentials with respect to two types of convergence of sets and functions: Mosco and Attouch–Wets convergences. Our analysis is devoted to proximal, Fréchet, and Mordukhovich limiting normal cones and subdifferentials. The results obtained can be seen as extensions of the Attouch theorem to the context of non-convex functions on locally uniformly convex Banach space. They also generalize, to sequences of subsmooth sets or functions, various results in the literature.