Search results for " cytology"

THE DISTRIBUTION OF UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASES IN RAT-LIVER PARENCHYMAL AND NONPARENCHYMAL CELLS

1992

Activities for the glucuronidation of 1-naphthol, morphine and bilirubin as well as for the sulfation of 2-naphthol have been determined in homogenates of parenchymal, Kupffer and endothelial cells isolated from livers of untreated and Aroclor 1254-pretreated rats. In addition, Western blot analyses using different polyclonal antibodies against UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UDP-GTs) were performed with similar preparations. All enzymes under investigation were expressed at high levels in liver parenchymal cells. The constitutive expression and inducibility of UDP-GT isozyme(s) for 1-naphthol glucuronidation was also clearly demonstrated in Kupffer and endothelial cells. Furthermore, the pre…

A comparative study of drug-metabolizing enzymes present in isolated rat liver parenchymal, Kupffer and endothelial cells

1987

Expression of L- and M2-pyruvate kinases in proliferating oval cells and cholangiocellular lesions developing in the livers of rats fed a methyl-defi…

1994

Male outbred Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a choline-deficient diet containing 0.1% w/w DL-ethionine (CDE) for up to 22 weeks. The expression of the pyruvate kinase isoenzymes L (L-PK) and M2 (M2-PK) was immunohistochemically analyzed in liver slices from rats killed 4, 10, 14 and 22 weeks after starting the treatment. M2-PK was detected in bile duct epithelial cells of untreated rats and in proliferating oval cells, cholangiofibroses and cholangiofibromas of CDE-fed animals. Thus, M2-PK can be viewed as a positive marker of the bile duct epithelial/oval cell compartment. L-PK, a parenchymal cell-specific protein in untreated rat liver, was not present in proliferating oval cells, but was co…

Hepatocytes cultured in alginate microspheres: an optimized technique to study enzyme induction.

2004

An important application of hepatocyte cultures is identification of drugs acting as inducers of biotransformation enzymes that alter metabolic clearance of other therapeutic agents. In the present study we optimized an in vitro system with hepatocytes cultured in alginate microspheres that allow studies of enzyme induction with excellent sensitivity. Induction factors obtained with standard inducers, such as 3-methylcholanthrene or phenobarbital, were higher compared to those with conventional hepatocyte co-cultures on collagen coated dishes. This is illustrated by activities of 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) after incubation with 5 microM 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC), a standard ind…

Increased toxicity of cocaine on human hepatocytes induced by ethanol: role of GSH.

1999

Increased toxicity of cocaine to human hepatocytes is observed when cells are simultaneously incubated with ethanol. Ethanol might exacerbate cocaine hepatocyte toxicity by three different pathways: a) by increasing the oxidative metabolism of cocaine and hence the oxidative damage; b) by the formation of a more toxic metabolite, namely cocaethylene; or c) by decreasing the defence mechanisms of the cell (i.e. GSH). In the present study, experiments were conducted to investigate the feasibility of these hypotheses. In hepatocytes preincubated for 48 hr with ethanol, neither significant changes in cocaine metabolism nor cytotoxicity were found despite differences in hepatocyte p-nitrophenol …

Neonatal Livers: A Source for the Isolation of Good-Performing Hepatocytes for Cell Transplantation

2014

Hepatocyte transplantation is an alternative therapy to orthotopic liver transplantation for the treatment of liver diseases. However, the supply of hepatocytes is limited given the shortage of organs available to isolate good-functioning quality cells. Neonatal livers may be a potential source alternative to adult livers to obtain good-performing hepatic cells for hepatocyte transplantation, which has not yet been explored profoundly. High-yield preparations of viable hepatocytes were isolated from 1- to 23-day-old liver donors, cryopreserved, and banked. Cell integrity and functional quality assessment were performed after thawing. Neonatal hepatocytes showed better postthawing recovery …

The cytotoxicity of mitomycin C and Adriamycin in genetically engineered V79 cell lines and freshly isolated rat hepatocytes

1995

The objective of the present study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of Adriamycin (ADR) and mitomycin C (MMC) in tumor and non-tumor cells with respect to the role of cytochrome P450 (P450). Therefore, genetically engineered V79 Chinese hamster fibroblasts expressing only single enzymes of P450 were used. SD1 and XEM2 cells expressed rat P450IIB1 and P450IA1, respectively, whereas the V79 parental cells contained no detectable P450 levels. The cytotoxicity of ADR and MMC in the V79 cell system was compared with that in freshly isolated hepatocytes from phenobarbital (PB-hepatocytes)- and beta-naphthoflavone (beta NF-hepatocytes)-induced rats. Following 24 h of exposure to ADR equal cytot…

A smart tele-cytology point-of-care platform for oral cancer screening.

2019

Early detection of oral cancer necessitates a minimally invasive, tissue-specific diagnostic tool that facilitates screening/surveillance. Brush biopsy, though minimally invasive, demands skilled cyto-pathologist expertise. In this study, we explored the clinical utility/efficacy of a tele-cytology system in combination with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based risk-stratification model for early detection of oral potentially malignant (OPML)/malignant lesion. A portable, automated tablet-based tele-cytology platform capable of digitization of cytology slides was evaluated for its efficacy in the detection of OPML/malignant lesions (n = 82) in comparison with conventional cytology and hist…

Efficacy of Buffered Hypertonic Saline Nasal Irrigation for Nasal Symptoms in Children with Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2017

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Saline nasal irrigation is labelled as an add-on treatment in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). The primary aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of 21-day use of buffered hypertonic saline (BHS) versus normal saline solution (NSS) on reducing nasal symptoms in children with seasonal AR (SAR). Comparing their efficacy on nasal cytology counts (NCC), quality of life, and sleep quality was the secondary aim. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this 21-day,<b> </b>open-label, randomized controlled study, 36 SAR children (aged 6-13 years) with a Total 5 Symptom Score (T5SS) ≥5 received twice-daily BHS or NSS…

Oxidative metabolism in a rat hepatoma (N13) and isolated rat hepatocytes: A flow cytometric comparative study

1996

Recently, we have developed a new and fast kinetic method for assessing mitochondrial membrane potential by flow cytometry, based on the quantitation of the initial rate of rhodamine 123 (Rh123) uptake by living cells. This test has proved suitable to detect metabolic and toxic effects on mitochondria. To characterize energy metabolism in a rat hepatoma cell line (N13), we applied this method to assess several metabolic pathways that eventually generate mitochondrial membrane potential. Using this approach, we found that N13 hepatoma cells retain an oxidative capacity comparable with that observed in isolated hepatocytes under the same conditions. These results show that this cell line may …