Search results for " density"
showing 10 items of 2709 documents
Genome-wide analysis in endangered populations: a case study in Barbaresca sheep
2017
Analysis of genomic data is becoming increasingly common in the livestock industry and the findings have been an invaluable resource for effective management of breeding programs in small and endangered populations. In this paper, with the goal of highlighting the potential of genomic analysis for small and endangered populations, genome-wide levels of linkage disequilibrium, measured as the squared correlation coefficient of allele frequencies at a pair of loci, effective population size, runs of homozygosity (ROH) and genetic diversity parameters, were estimated in Barbaresca sheep using Illumina OvineSNP50K array data. Moreover, the breed's genetic structure and its relationship with oth…
Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A₂ activity is increased in patients with definite familial hypercholesterolemia compared with other forms of hy…
2018
International audience; Background and Aim: Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) plays a key role in atherosclerosis development. It is considered a marker of increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and plaque vulnerability. Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder characterized by elevated plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and a higher prevalence of early CVD. Our aim was to evaluate the differences in Lp-PLA2 activity in a population of hypercholesterolemic patients with and without definite FH.Methods and Results: Hypercholesterolemic patients were consecutively recruited. Definite FH was defined according to Dutch Lipid Clinic Netwo…
Associations of physical activity intensities, impact intensities and osteogenic index with proximal femur bone traits among sedentary older adults
2021
Background Dynamic high-intensity physical activity is thought to be beneficial for older adults’ bone health. Traditional volume-based processing of accelerometer-measured physical activity data, quantified on a minute-per-minute basis, may average out sporadic high impact activity, whereas accelerometer data processing approaches based on identifying impacts can capture also these potentially beneficial short activity bursts. We investigated the associations between habitual physical activity and proximal femur bone traits among sedentary older adults utilizing three different numerical treatments of accelerometer-data to examine, if impact-based processing approaches are more suitable to…
Lipidomic profiling identifies signatures of metabolic risk
2020
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), the clustering of metabolic risk factors, is associated with cardiovascular disease risk. We sought to determine if dysregulation of the lipidome may contribute to metabolic risk factors. Methods: We measured 154 circulating lipid species in 658 participants from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and tested for associations with obesity, dysglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Independent external validation was sought in three independent cohorts. Follow-up data from the FHS were used to test for lipid metabolites associated with longitudinal changes in metabolic risk factors. Results: Thirty-nine lipids were…
Adverse Effects of Diabetes Mellitus on the Skeleton of Aging Mice
2016
In the present study, the possibility that a diabetic (DM) status might worsen age-related bone deterioration was explored in mice. Male CD-1 mice aged 2 (young control group) or 16 months, nondiabetic or made diabetic by streptozotocin injections, were used. DM induced a decrease in bone volume, trabecular number, and eroded surface, and in mineral apposition and bone formation rates, but an increased trabecular separation, in L1-L3 vertebrae of aged mice. Three-point bending and reference point indentation tests showed slight changes pointing to increased frailty and brittleness in the mouse tibia of diabetic old mice. DM was related to a decreased expression of both vascular endothelial …
Aromatase Inhibitors Plus Weight Loss Improves the Hormonal Profile of Obese Hypogonadal Men Without Causing Major Side Effects
2020
Objective: In obese men, the increased expression of the aromatase enzyme in adipose tissue leads to high conversion of androgens to estrogens contributing to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HHG). Our objective is to evaluate efficacy and safety of weight loss (WL) plus aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy in severely obese men with HHG. We hypothesize that AI+WL will be more effective as compared to WL alone in improving the hormonal profile, thus muscle strength and symptoms of HHG (primary outcomes), with no significant adverse effects on lean mass, metabolic profile, and bone mineral density (secondary outcomes).Design: Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled pilot trial.Methods: Twenty-t…
Sub-chronic variable stress induces sex-specific effects on glutamatergic synapses in the nucleus accumbens
2017
Men and women manifest different symptoms of depression and under current diagnostic criteria, depression is twice as prevalent in woman. However, little is known of the mechanisms contributing to these important sex differences. Sub-chronic variable stress (SCVS), a rodent model of depression, induces depression-like behaviors in female mice only, modeling clinical evidence of higher susceptibility to mood disorders in women. Accumulating evidence indicates that altered neuroplasticity of excitatory synapses in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a key pathophysiological feature of susceptibility to social stress in males. Here we investigated the effects of SCVS on pre- and post-synaptic prote…
Retinal and choroidal vasculature changes associated with chronic kidney disease
2018
Retinal and choroidal microvascular changes can be related to renal impairment in hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study examines the association between retinochoroidal parameters and renal impairment in hypertensive, non-diabetic patients. This is a cross-sectional study on Caucasian patients with systemic arterial hypertension with different levels of renal function. All subjects were studied by blood chemistry, urine examination, microalbuminuria and blood pressure. Complete eye examination was completed with swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) scans of macular region. Patients were divided in groups: L…
Treatment with soluble activin type IIB-receptor improves bone mass and strength in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
2016
Background Inhibition of activin/myostatin pathway has emerged as a novel approach to increase muscle mass and bone strength. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disorder that leads to progressive muscle degeneration and also high incidence of fractures. The aim of our study was to test whether inhibition of activin receptor IIB ligands with or without exercise could improve bone strength in the mdx mouse model for DMD. Methods Thirty-two mdx mice were divided to running and non-running groups and to receive either PBS control or soluble activin type IIB-receptor (ActRIIB-Fc) once weekly for 7 weeks. Results Treatment of mdx mice with ActRIIB-Fc resulted in significantly in…
Lipid-lowering therapy and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal achievement in patients with acute coronary syndromes: The ACS patient pathway pr…
2020
Background and aims: Post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients are at very high risk for recurrent events and mortality, despite the availability of effective pharmacological approaches. Aim of this survey was to evaluate the compliance to ESC/EAS guidelines during the management of ACS patients and the effectiveness of secondary prevention in seven European countries.Methods: By means of an online questionnaire, data on 2775 ACS patients (either acute case or follow-up patients) were collected, including data on lipid profile, medications, follow-up visit planning, screening for familial hypercholesterolemia.Results: Lipid profiles were obtained for 91% of ACS patients in the acute phase…