Search results for " density"

showing 10 items of 2709 documents

Portion size selection in children: Effect of sensory imagery for snacks varying in energy density

2020

Food sensory imagery - creating a vivid mental image of the sensory experience of eating - can lead to the selection of smaller portions because it serves as a reminder that eating enjoyment does not necessarily increase with portion size. The evidence is mostly limited to adults and to energy-dense foods for which it is particularly difficult to predict the satiating effects of consumption quantity. The objective was to study how food sensory imagery influences portion size selection of foods varying in energy density (brownie and applesauce) by 7- to 11-year-old children. During after-school time, 171 children were randomized into two conditions. Children in the food sensory imagery condi…

0301 basic medicineMalePleasureTasteImagery PsychotherapyAdolescentHungerChild Behaviormindful eating030209 endocrinology & metabolismSensory systemfood choiceChoice BehaviorDevelopmental psychology03 medical and health sciencesEatingFood Preferences0302 clinical medicineIntervention (counseling)Serving size0502 economics and businessFood choiceHumans050207 economicsChildGeneral PsychologySelection (genetic algorithm)2. Zero hunger030109 nutrition & dieteticsNutrition and Dietetics050208 financemental imagery[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior05 social sciencesdigestive oral and skin physiologyPortion SizechilhoodEnergy densityImaginationFemaleSnacksPsychologyEnergy Intakeenergy density[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionMental image
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Effects of exercise frequency and training volume on bone changes following a multi-component exercise intervention in middle aged and older men: Sec…

2021

Progressive resistance training (PRT) combined with weight-bearing impact exercise are recommended to optimize bone health, but the optimal frequency and dose of training remains uncertain. This study, which is a secondary analysis of an 18-month intervention in men aged 50–79 years, examined the association between exercise frequency and the volume of training with changes in DXA and QCT-derived femoral neck (FN) and lumbar spine (LS) bone outcomes, respectively. Men were allocated to either thrice-weekly PRT plus impact exercise training (n = 87) or a non-exercising (n = 85) group. Average weekly exercise frequency (ExFreq) and training volume per session [PRT volume (weight lifted, kg), …

0301 basic medicineMalemedicine.medical_specialtyHistologyweight-bearing exercisePhysiologyEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismluuntiheys030209 endocrinology & metabolismlaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawBone DensitySecondary analysisMedicineHumansolder menExerciseFemoral neckAgeddose-responsekehonpainoharjoitteluLumbar VertebraeExercise interventionbusiness.industryFemur NeckResistance trainingResistance TrainingMiddle Agedkeski-ikäiset030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structurePhysical therapyLumbar spinemiehetvoimaharjoitteluresistance trainingbusinessbone mineral densityExercise frequencyikääntyneetVolume (compression)Bone
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How do skeletal morbidity rate and special toxicities affect 12-week versus 4-week schedule zoledronic acid efficacy? A systematic review and a meta-…

2019

Abstract Background Zoledronic Acid is a bisphosphonate used in a 4-week schedule for the treatment of bone metastases. Some randomized trials supported its role also when administered every 12 weeks. Methods we performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis in order to evaluate the two different schedules in terms of skeletal morbidity rate (SMR), skeletal related events (SRE) and adverse events (AEs). Results our results showed a clinical difference favouring the 12-week schedule in terms of AEs (RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.06–1.29). No signifcant differences were found for SMR (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.84–1.13) and SRE (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.89–1.16). Conclusions Our findings support in clinical practice …

0301 basic medicineMalemedicine.medical_specialtyMeta-AnalysiBone Density Conservation Agentmedicine.medical_treatmentBone NeoplasmsBreast NeoplasmsBone NeoplasmZoledronic Acidlaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesProstate cancer0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawInternal medicinemedicineHumansHypocalcaemiaBreastAdverse effectBone Density Conservation AgentsSolid tumorbusiness.industryMortality rateProstateProstatic NeoplasmsAEHematologyBisphosphonateSMRmedicine.diseaseBone metastase030104 developmental biologyZoledronic acidTreatment OutcomeOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMeta-analysisProstatic NeoplasmFemalebusinessBreast Neoplasmmedicine.drugHuman
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Matching the Directions of Electric Fields from Triboelectric and Ferroelectric Charges in Nanogenerator Devices for Boosted Performance

2020

Summary Embedding additional ferroelectric dipoles in contacting polymer layers is known to enhance the performance of triboelectricnanogenerator (TENG) devices. However, the influence of dipoles formed between the triboelectric surface charges on two contacting ferroelectric films has been ignored in all relevant studies. We demonstrate that proper attention to the alignment of the distinct dipoles present between two contacting surfaces and in composite polymer/BaTiO3 ferroelectric films can lead to up to four times higher energy and power density output compared with cases when dipole arrangement is mismatched. For example, TENG device based on PVAc/BaTiO3 shows energy density increase f…

0301 basic medicineMaterials sciencePolymers02 engineering and technologyArticle03 medical and health sciencesElectric field:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]DevicesNanotechnologySurface chargelcsh:ScienceTriboelectric effectPower densityMultidisciplinarybusiness.industryNanogeneratorElectrostatic induction021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFerroelectricityDipole030104 developmental biologyElectromagnetic Field13. Climate actionOptoelectronicsNanoparticleslcsh:Q0210 nano-technologybusinessiScience
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Super-resolved linear fluorescence localization microscopy using photostable fluorophores: A virtual microscopy study

2017

Abstract Current approaches to overcome the conventional limit of the resolution potential of light microscopy (of about 200 nm for visible light), often suffer from non-linear effects, which render the quantification of the image intensities in the reconstructions difficult, and also affect the quantification of the biological structure under investigation. As an attempt to face these difficulties, we discuss a particular method of localization microscopy which is based on photostable fluorescent dyes. The proposed method can potentially be implemented as a fast alternative for quantitative localization microscopy, circumventing the need for the acquisition of thousands of image frames and…

0301 basic medicineMaterials sciencebusiness.industryMultispectral imageResolution (electron density)02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFluorescenceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyOpticsMicroscopyCalibrationPhotoactivated localization microscopyElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologybusinessVirtual microscopyVisible spectrumOptics Communications
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Seashore paspalum in the Mediterranean transition zone: phenotypic traits of twelve accessions during and after establishment

2017

The use of warm-season turfgrasses is consolidated in the transitional areas of Mediterranean countries and some field trials have provided information on the adaptability of seashore paspalum to Mediterranean environment. Nonetheless, little is known on the performance of the different commercial cultivars of <em>Paspalum vaginatum</em> in this climatic zone. Furthermore, considering the high degree of variability of this species, ecotypes have the potential to supply new plant material with desired turf characteristics. The research aimed at comparing growth characteristics and morphological traits of eight commercial cultivars of seashore paspalum (Platinum, Salam, SeaDwarf, …

0301 basic medicineMediterranean climateTurfgraTurfgrass.lcsh:Plant cultureNode densityColourlcsh:Agriculture03 medical and health sciencesestablishmentBotanylcsh:SB1-1110CultivarPaspalum vaginatumcolour establishment horizontal stem density node density quality turfgrass.TurfgrassEcotypebiologyStolonlcsh:SSowingPhenotypic traitHorizontal stem densitybiology.organism_classificationSettore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni Erbacee030104 developmental biologyAgronomyAgricultural and Biological Sciences (all)qualityAgronomy and Crop SciencePaspalum
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The mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ modulates oxidative stress, inflammation and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in leukocytes isolated fr…

2016

It is not known if the mitochondria-targeted antioxidants such as mitoquinone (MitoQ) can modulate oxidative stress and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in T2D patients. We aimed to evaluate the beneficial effect of MitoQ on oxidative stress parameters and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in leukocytes of T2D patients. The study population consisted of 98 T2D patients and 71 control subjects. We assessed metabolic and anthropometric parameters, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX-1), NFκB-p65, TNFα and leukocyte-endothelium interactions. Diabetic patients exhibited higher weight, BMI, waist circumference, SBP, DBP, glucose, insulin, HOMA…

0301 basic medicineMitochondrial ROSMaleGPX1Antioxidantendocrine system diseasesUbiquinonemedicine.medical_treatmentBMI body mass indexClinical BiochemistryLDL low density lipoprotein cholesterolAnti-Inflammatory AgentsTPP triphenylphosphonium030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyPharmacologymedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryMitoQAntioxidantschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineGlutathione Peroxidase GPX1IR insulin resistanceLeukocyteslcsh:QH301-705.5chemistry.chemical_classificationlcsh:R5-920AnthropometryChemistryGlutathione peroxidaseType 2 diabetesMiddle AgedFemalemedicine.symptomlcsh:Medicine (General)Research PaperPMN polymorphonuclear leukocyteshs-CRP high-sensitive C-reactive proteinHOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistanceInflammationT2D type 2 diabetes03 medical and health sciencesOrganophosphorus CompoundsmedicineDBP diastolic blood pressure HbA1c glycated hemoglobinHUVEC human umbilical vein endothelial cellsHumansEndotheliumAgedInflammationReactive oxygen speciesMitoQGlutathione PeroxidaseTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaSBP systolic blood pressureOrganic ChemistryTranscription Factor RelAnutritional and metabolic diseasesHDL high density lipoprotein cholesterolOxidative Stress030104 developmental biologylcsh:Biology (General)Diabetes Mellitus Type 2ImmunologyReactive Oxygen SpeciesOxidative stressRedox Biology
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2016

AbstractPhytochromes are a family of photoreceptors that control light responses of plants, fungi and bacteria. A sequence of structural changes, which is not yet fully understood, leads to activation of an output domain. Time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) can potentially shine light on these conformational changes. Here we report the room temperature crystal structure of the chromophore-binding domains of the Deinococcus radiodurans phytochrome at 2.1 Å resolution. The structure was obtained by serial femtosecond X-ray crystallography from microcrystals at an X-ray free electron laser. We find overall good agreement compared to a crystal structure at 1.35 Å resolution d…

0301 basic medicineMultidisciplinaryMaterials science030102 biochemistry & molecular biologyPhytochromeResolution (electron density)Crystal structureChromophoreSACLA03 medical and health sciencesCrystallography030104 developmental biologyProtein structureFemtosecondX-ray crystallographyScientific Reports
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Denosumab for bone health in prostate and breast cancer patients receiving endocrine therapy? A systematic review and a meta-analysis of randomized t…

2019

Highlights • Hormonal receptors positive breast tumor and prostate cancer are managed with endocrine therapies. • Endocrine therapies designed for breast and prostate cancer are often associated to serious adverse skeletal related events, such fractures. • Denosumab is a monoclonal anti-body binding RANKL which acts as inhibitor of osteoclasts activity, thus increasing bone mass. • Denosumab was showed to strongly prevent hormonal therapies-related skeletal issues. • Denosumab administration results safe in bone mass increase and reduction of fractures risk.

0301 basic medicineOncologyRCTs randomized clinical trialrandomized clinical trialslcsh:Diseases of the musculoskeletal systemSettore MED/06 - Oncologia MedicaOsteoporosisBMD bone mass densityReview Articleandrogen deprivation therapyADTlaw.inventionAndrogen deprivation therapyProstate cancerhazard ratio0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawHRMedicineBreastSAEsCancerProstateRANKLCIMD mean differencelcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRCTs randomized clinical trialsDenosumabOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisSAEs serious adverse eventsDenosumabmean differencemedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtylcsh:RC254-28203 medical and health sciencesBreast cancerRANKL receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligandBMDInternal medicineAdverse effectADT androgen deprivation therapyRCTsbusiness.industryMDmedicine.diseaseHR hazard ratioHormonereceptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligandDiscontinuationCI confidence interval030104 developmental biologyFractureconfidence intervalADT androgen deprivation therapy; BMD bone mass density; Breast; CI confidence interval; Cancer; Denosumab; Fracture; HR hazard ratio; Hormone; MD mean difference; Prostate; RANKL receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand; RCTs randomized clinical trials; SAEs serious adverse eventsserious adverse eventsbone mass densitylcsh:RC925-935businessJournal of Bone Oncology
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11 and 15-month-old infants do not compensate immediately for energy variation, and no further adjustment occurs 12 or 24 hours later

2021

International audience; Previously, we demonstrated that, in the short term, infants undercompensated for the energy from a preload given 25 min before an ad libitum meal. However, although not consistent, there is evidence in young children that caloric adjustment may occur over longer periods. We investigated the extent to which further energy adjustment occurs up to 24 h after a single meal preceded by preloads of varying energy density (ED) in infants that are 11 and 15 months old. Short-term caloric adjustment was measured in 11- and 15-month-old infants through a preload paradigm meal in the laboratory. To assess their caloric adjustment over longer periods (12 and 24 h), we used 24 h…

0301 basic medicinePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyAppetite controlCOMPXEnergy balanceAppetite030209 endocrinology & metabolism03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineappetite controlpreload paradigmmedicineHumansChildMealsGeneral PsychologyMeal[SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics030109 nutrition & dieteticsNutrition and DieteticsAppetite Regulationbusiness.industrydigestive oral and skin physiologyInfantCaloric theoryDiet RecordsPreloadChild Preschooldietary recordEnergy densityEnergy variationenergy intakecaloric adjustmentmedicine.symptomEnergy MetabolismbusinessWeight gain[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
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