Search results for " density"

showing 10 items of 2709 documents

Time-of-flight photoemission electron microscopy – a new way to chemical surface analysis

2001

Abstract The time structure of synchrotron radiation at BESSY I (Berlin) was utilised to operate a photoemission electron microscope in the time-of-flight mode. The electrons that are emitted from the sample surface with different energies are dispersed in a drift tube subsequent to the imaging optics. Two ways of fast image detection have been explored, a fast gated intensified CCD camera (800 ps gate time) and a special counting electronics in combination with a 3D (x,y,t)-resolving delay line detector ( time resolution ps). The latter device has a lateral resolution of about 50 μm in the image plane being equivalent to 1000 pixels along the image diagonal. An energy resolution of 400 meV…

Chemistrybusiness.industryInverse photoemission spectroscopyResolution (electron density)Synchrotron radiationSurfaces and InterfacesElectronImage planeCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsPhotoemission electron microscopyTime of flightOpticsMaterials ChemistryImage sensorbusinessSurface Science
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Cluster-model density functional study of a W–Cu(100) STM junction

1999

Abstract In this article, we investigate the electronic properties of different clusters modelling a tungsten tip, the Cu(1 0 0) surface and interacting W–Cu(1 0 0) systems in STM configuration. Electronic structure calculations are carried out within the LDA approximation of the Density Functional Theory (DFT). Both integrated (densities of states) and local properties (electronic density and electrostatic potential) are considered. The study is performed for top and hollow surface sites and two different tip–sample separations.

Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementHeterojunctionGeneral ChemistryElectronic structureTungstenCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsTransition metalComputational chemistryDensity of statesCluster (physics)General Materials ScienceDensity functional theoryElectronic densityJournal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids
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Bone damage after chemotherapy for lymphoma: a real-world experience

2021

AbstractBackgroundDespite recent improvements in survival due to advances in treatment, the quality of life of patients with lymphoma may be compromised by the long-term complications of chemotherapy and steroid therapy. Among these, a potentially relevant problem is bone loss and the development of fragility fractures.AimTo provide further evidence of clinical or subclinical skeletal complications in correlation with biological variables and markers of bone disease in patients with complete response to therapy.MethodA cross-sectional observational study was conducted on subjects diagnosed with lymphoma with subsequent antineoplastic treatment, disease status after therapy defined as comple…

Chemotherapy Osteoporosis Lymphoma Steroids Bone losses OsteoclasticLymphomaBone lossesResearchOsteoclasticDiseases of the musculoskeletal systemVitamin D DeficiencyCross-Sectional StudiesRC925-935RheumatologyBone DensityQuality of LifeBone losses; Chemotherapy; Lymphoma; Osteoclastic; Osteoporosis; Steroids; Aged; Bone Density; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Quality of Life; Lymphoma; Osteoporosis; Vitamin D DeficiencyHumansOsteoporosisChemotherapySteroidsOrthopedics and Sports MedicineAgedBMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
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Sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array to a dark matter signal from the Galactic centre

2021

Full list of authors: Acharyya, A.; Adam, R.; Adams, C.; Agudo, I.; Aguirre-Santaella, A.; Alfaro, R.; Alfaro, J.; Alispach, C.; Aloisio, R.; Alves Batista, R.; Amati, L.; Ambrosi, G.; Angüner, E. O.; Antonelli, L. A.; Aramo, C.; Araudo, A.; Armstrong, T.; Arqueros, F.; Asano, K.; Ascasíbar, Y. Ashley, M.; Balazs, C.; Ballester, O.; Baquero Larriva, A.; Barbosa Martins, V.; Barkov, M.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Bastieri, D.; Becerra, J.; Beck, G.; Becker Tjus, J.; Benbow, W.; Benito, M.; Berge, D.; Bernardini, E.; Bernlöhr, K.; Berti, A.; Bertucci, B.; Beshley, V.; Biasuzzi, B.; Biland, A.; Bissaldi, E.; Biteau, J.; Blanch, O.; Blazek, J.; Bocchino, F.; Boisson, C.; Bonneau Arbe…

Cherenkov Telescope ArrayMATÉRIA ESCURAscale: TeVAstronomyatmosphere [Cherenkov counter]dark matter experimentDark matter theoryenergy resolutionGamma ray experimentsParticleAstrophysicscosmic background radiation01 natural sciences7. Clean energyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)benchmarkWIMPHESSenergy: fluxTeV [scale]relativistic [charged particle]gamma ray experimentMAGIC (telescope)Monte CarloEvent reconstructionPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Contractionspatial distributiontrack data analysisPhysicsdensity [dark matter]ClumpyAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsimagingHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenologydark matter experiments; dark matter theory; gamma ray experiments; galaxy morphologyDark matter experimentsFísica nuclearVERITASAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaSimulationsnoiseWIMPAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaDark mattersatelliteCosmic background radiationFOS: Physical sciencesAnnihilationdark matter: densityAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsCherenkov counter: atmosphereheavy [dark matter]530annihilation [dark matter]GLASTDark matter experiments; Dark matter theory; Galaxy morphology; Gamma ray experimentscosmic radiation [p]0103 physical sciencesCherenkov [radiation]Candidatesddc:530AGNCherenkov radiationRadiative Processesthermal [cross section]010308 nuclear & particles physicsFísicadark matter: annihilationGamma-Ray SignalsCherenkov Telescope Array ; dark matter ; Galactic Center ; TeV gamma-ray astronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsMassCherenkov Telescope Arrayradiation: CherenkovsensitivityMAGICGalaxyAstronomíadark matter: heavygamma rayp: cosmic radiation[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]correlationcharged particle: relativisticflux [energy]Galaxy morphology/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/3103galaxysupersymmetry[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]cross section: thermal
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Nonlinear chiral transport in Dirac semimetals

2018

We study the current of chiral charge density in a Dirac semimetal with two Dirac points in momentum space, subjected to an externally applied time dependent electric field and in the presence of a magnetic field. Based on the kinetic equation approach, we find contributions to the chiral charge current, that are proportional to the second power of the electric field and to the first and second powers of the magnetic field, describing the interplay of the chiral anomaly and the drift motion of electrons moving under the action of electric and magnetic fields.

Chiral anomalyPhysicsDirac semimetalsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114chiral charge densityHigh Energy Physics::LatticeDirac (software)FOS: Physical sciencesCharge densityPosition and momentum space02 engineering and technologyElectron021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesAction (physics)Magnetic fieldQuantum electrodynamicsElectric fieldMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciences010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyPhysical Review B
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Chlorophyll b is involved in long-wavelength spectral properties of light-harvesting complexes LHC I and LHC II.

2001

AbstractChlorophyll (Chl) molecules attached to plant light-harvesting complexes (LHC) differ in their spectral behavior. While most Chl a and Chl b molecules give rise to absorption bands between 645 nm and 670 nm, some special Chls absorb at wavelengths longer than 700 nm. Among the Chl a/b-antennae of higher plants these are found exclusively in LHC I. In order to assign this special spectral property to one chlorophyll species we reconstituted LHC of both photosystem I (Lhca4) and photosystem II (Lhcb1) with carotenoids and only Chl a or Chl b and analyzed the effect on pigment binding, absorption and fluorescence properties. In both LHCs the Chl-binding sites of the omitted Chl species…

Chlorophyll bChlorophyllPhotosystem IIPigment bindingPhotosynthetic Reaction Center Complex ProteinsBiophysicsLight-Harvesting Protein ComplexesPhotosystem IPhotochemistryBiochemistryAbsorptionLight-harvesting complexReconstitutionchemistry.chemical_compoundSolanum lycopersicumStructural BiologySpinacia oleraceaGeneticsChlorophyll bindingCentrifugation Density GradientMolecular BiologyChlorophyll fluorescenceLong-wavelength chlorophyllBinding SitesPhotosystem I Protein ComplexChemistryChlorophyll ATemperaturePhotosystem II Protein ComplexLight-harvesting complexes of green plantsCell BiologyPigments BiologicalPlant LeavesSpectrometry FluorescenceLight-harvesting complexChlorophyll fluorescenceChlorophyll bindingProtein BindingFEBS letters
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Status of vulnerable Cystoseira populations along the Italian infralittoral fringe, and relationships with environmental and anthropogenic variables

2018

We analyzed the occurrence and status of infralittoral fringe populations of Cystoseira spp. (Fucales) at thirteen rocky sites around the Italian coastline, and explored the relationships with relevant environmental and anthropogenic variables. We found Cystoseira populations at 11 sites: most were scattered and comprised monospecific stands of C. compressa, and only 6 sites also supported sparse specimens of either C. amentacea var. stricta or C. brachycarpa. Coastal human population density, Chlorophyll a seawater concentrations, sea surface temperature, annual range of sea surface temperature and wave fetch explained most of the variation of the status of C. compressa. We hypothesize a g…

Chlorophyll0106 biological sciencesRange (biology)FucalesAquatic ScienceCystoseiraPhaeophytaOceanography010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesCystoseira sppRocky shoreCanopy-forming algaeMediterranean seaRocky infralittoral fringeMediterranean SeaHumansHuman ActivitiesSeawaterEcosystemPopulation DensitybiologyEcologyChlorophyll A010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyFucaleUrbanizationTemperatureMarine habitatsHabitat lossbiology.organism_classificationCanopy-forming algae; Cystoseira spp.; Fucales; Habitat loss; Mediterranean Sea; Rocky infralittoral fringe; Oceanography; Aquatic Science; PollutionPollutionCystoseira spp.Habitat destructionGeographyItalyHabitatHabitat loFucalesEnvironmental MonitoringMarine Pollution Bulletin
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IM30 triggers membrane fusion in cyanobacteria and chloroplasts

2015

The thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts and cyanobacteria is a unique internal membrane system harbouring the complexes of the photosynthetic electron transfer chain. Despite their apparent importance, little is known about the biogenesis and maintenance of thylakoid membranes. Although membrane fusion events are essential for the formation of thylakoid membranes, proteins involved in membrane fusion have yet to be identified in photosynthetic cells or organelles. Here we show that IM30, a conserved chloroplast and cyanobacterial protein of approximately 30 kDa binds as an oligomeric ring in a well-defined geometry specifically to membranes containing anionic lipids. Triggered by Mg2+, membr…

ChloroplastsGeneral Physics and AstronomyBiologyMembrane FusionThylakoidsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyBacterial ProteinsCentrifugation Density GradientIntegral membrane proteinMultidisciplinaryGalactolipidsPeripheral membrane proteinSynechocystisLipid bilayer fusionfood and beveragesPhosphatidylglycerolsGeneral ChemistryTransmembrane proteinCell biologyChloroplastMembraneThylakoidLiposomesQuantasomeGlycolipidsProtein BindingNature Communications
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Prediction of peak shape as a function of retention in reversed-phase liquid chromatography

2004

Optimisation of the resolution of multicomponent samples in HPLC is usually carried out by changing the elution conditions and considering the variation in retention of the analytes, to which a standard peak shape is assigned. However, the change in peak shape with the composition of the mobile phase can ruin the optimisation process, yielding unexpected overlaps in the experimental chromatograms for the predicted optimum, especially for complex mixtures. The possibility of modelling peak shape, in addition to peak position, is therefore attractive. A simple modified-Gaussian model with a parabolic variance, which is a function of conventional experimental parameters: retention time (tR), p…

ChromatographyElutionChemistryOrganic ChemistryResolution (electron density)Analytical chemistryGeneral MedicineReversed-phase chromatographyFunction (mathematics)Models TheoreticalBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyStandard deviationAnalytical ChemistryApproximation errorPhase (matter)Chromatography LiquidJournal of Chromatography A
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Searches for Large-Scale Anisotropy in the Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays Detected above Energy of $10^{19}$ eV at the Pierre Auger Observatory an…

2014

Spherical harmonic moments are well-suited for capturing anisotropy at any scale in the flux of cosmic rays. An unambiguous measurement of the full set of spherical harmonic coefficients requires full-sky coverage. This can be achieved by combining data from observatories located in both the northern and southern hemispheres. To this end, a joint analysis using data recorded at the Telescope Array and the Pierre Auger Observatory above 1019 eV is presented in this work. The resulting multipolar expansion of the flux of cosmic rays allows us to perform a series of anisotropy searches, and in particular to report on the angular power spectrum of cosmic rays above 1019 eV. No significant devia…

Ciencias FísicasAstronomyRaysAstrophysicsAstroparticle physics; Cosmic rays01 natural scienceslaw.inventionPierrelawAnisotropyTelescope010303 astronomy & astrophysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Physics[PHYS]Physics [physics]Energy[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsastroparticle physicRadiación cósmicaAugerCosmicArrivalComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGFísica nuclearAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTASHigh[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE][PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic raySURFACE DETECTORICECUBETelescopeAIR-SHOWER ARRAYDirectionscosmic rays0103 physical sciencesInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Cosmic raysCiencias ExactasPierre Auger ObservatorySPECTRUM010308 nuclear & particles physicsArraySpectral densitySpherical harmonicsFísicaAstronomy and AstrophysicsASTROFÍSICAUltra[SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]AstronomíaDipoleRESOLUTIONSpace and Planetary ScienceExperimental High Energy PhysicsQuadrupoleObservatoryAstroparticle physics[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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