Search results for " density"

showing 10 items of 2709 documents

Uncertainties in polarimetric 3D reconstructions of coronal mass ejections

2015

P.P. acknowledges STFC for financial support. Date of Acceptance: 21/01/2015 Aims. The aim of this work is to quantify the uncertainties in the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the location of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) obtained with the so-called polarization ratio technique. The method takes advantage of the different distributions along the line of sight of total (tB) and polarized (pB) brightnesses emitted by Thomson scattering to estimate the average location of the emitting plasma. This is particularly important to correctly identify of CME propagation angles and unprojected velocities, thus allowing better capabilities for space weather forecastings. Methods. To this end, …

Electron densitycorona [Sun]Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs)NDASDensityFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsSpace weatherpolarimetric [Techniques]Position (vector)Coronal mass ejectionQCSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)PhysicsLine-of-sightSun: coronaPlane (geometry)Techniques: polarimetricAstronomy and Astrophysicscoronal mass ejections (CMEs) [Sun]ViewpointsQC PhysicsAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary SciencePhysics::Space PhysicsHaloCenter of mass
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Molecular Electron Density Theory: A Modern View of Reactivity in Organic Chemistry

2016

A new theory for the study of the reactivity in Organic Chemistry, named Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT), is proposed herein. MEDT is based on the idea that while the electron density distribution at the ground state is responsible for physical and chemical molecular properties, as proposed by the Density Functional Theory (DFT), the capability for changes in electron density is responsible for molecular reactivity. Within MEDT, the reactivity in Organic Chemistry is studied through a rigorous quantum chemical analysis of the changes of the electron density as well as the energies associated with these changes along the reaction path in order to understand experimental outcomes. St…

Electron densitymolecular mechanismsChemistry OrganicPharmaceutical ScienceElectronsElectron010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesArticleAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441Electron density distributionlcsh:Organic chemistryComputational chemistryDrug DiscoveryDFT reactivity indicesNon-covalent interactionsOrganic chemistryReactivity (chemistry)Physical and Theoretical Chemistryelectron densityQuantum chemicalchemistry.chemical_classification010405 organic chemistryOrganic Chemistrymolecular electron density theory0104 chemical scienceschemistrynon-covalent interactionsModels ChemicalChemistry (miscellaneous)molecular electron density theory; DFT reactivity indices; electron localisation function; non-covalent interactions; electron density; molecular mechanisms; chemical reactivityMolecular MedicineDensity functional theoryGround stateelectron localisation functionchemical reactivityMolecules; Volume 21; Issue 10; Pages: 1319
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Experimental investigations of two doubly excited NI multiplets

2005

Experimental Stark-broadening studies of two NI multiplets ( 1 D)3s 2 D - ( 1 D)3p 2 D° and ( 1 D)3s 2 D - ( 1 D) 3 p 2 F° are reported. Measurements were performed using a wall-stabilized arc operated at atmospheric pressure in helium with small amounts of nitrogen and hydrogen. The Stark broadening parameters: the electron impact width (w e ) and shift (d e ) have been determined.

Electron densitysymbols.namesakeHydrogenchemistryStark effectExcited statesymbolschemistry.chemical_elementPlasma diagnosticsElectronAtomic physicsElectron ionizationHeliumSPIE Proceedings
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Increased conductivity of a hole transport layer due to oxidation by a molecular nanomagnet

2008

Thin film transistors based on polyarylamine poly?N,N?-diphenyl-N,N ?bis?4-hexylphenyl?- ?1,1?biphenyl?-4,4?-diamine ?pTPD? were fabricated using spin coating in order to measure the mobility of pTPD upon oxidation. Partially oxidized pTPD with a molecular magnetic cluster showed an increase in mobility of over two orders of magnitude. A transition in the mobility of pTPD upon doping could also be observed by the presence of a maximum obtained for a given oxidant ratio and subsequent decrease for a higher ratio. Such result agrees well with a previously reported model based on the combined effect of dipolar broadening of the density of states and transport manifold filling. Peer Reviewed

Electron mobilityMaterials scienceOrganic compounds.Analytical chemistryDipolar broadeningGeneral Physics and AstronomySpin coatingHole mobilityElectronic density of statesConductivityOxidacióCompostos orgànicsElectrical resistivity and conductivity:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Molecular clustersOrganic compoundsOxidationDopingElectrical conductivityOxidation.Molecular nanomagnetMolecular magnetic clusterMolecular magnetism Nanostructured materialsSpin coatingDopingUNESCO::FÍSICAElectric conductivity.Thin film transistorsNanostructured materialsConductivitat elèctricaNanomagnet:Enginyeria electrònica::Microelectrònica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Doping ; Electrical conductivity ; Electronic density of states ; Hole mobility ; Molecular clusters ; Molecular magnetism Nanostructured materials ; Organic compounds ; Oxidation ; Spin coating ; Thin film transistorsDensity of statesNanostructured materials.Hole transport layerMaterials nanoestructuratsOrder of magnitude
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1H nmr chemical shifts of [14]annulenes and their dianion salts

1987

Abstract The bridged (14]annulene 2 was reduced into its dianion and the structure of the dianion salt was proven by chemical and spectroscopic means. The 1H NMR spectroscopic properties of 2 are similar to those of the structurally related bridged [14]annulene 1 , whereas the corresponding dianions 2 2- and 1 2- are strikingly different. The geometries of 1 and 2 and their dianions were studied by means of a modified π-SCF force field approach. Almost planar perimeters without significant bond length alternation are obtained for the neutral annulenes 1 and 2 , whereas their dianions are characterized by structures with reduced symmetry. The 1H chemical shifts of the bridged [14]annulenes a…

Electronic correlationChemistryStereochemistryChemical shiftOrganic ChemistryCharge densityNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyAnnuleneConjugated systemBiochemistryCrystallographyDrug DiscoveryProton NMRMoleculeTetrahedron
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First-principles calculations for SrTiO3() surface structure

2002

As a continuation of our recent abinitio calculations of SrTiO 3(1 0 0) surface relaxation for the two different terminations (SrO and TiO2) [Phys. Rev. B 64 (2001) 23417], we analyze here their electronic structures (band structure, density of states, and the electronic density redistribution with emphasis on the covalency effects). We compare results of abinitio Hartree–Fock method with electron correlation corrections and density functional theory with different exchange-correlation functionals, including hybrid (B3PW, B3LYP) exchange techniques. Our results are also compared with previous abinitio plane-wave local density approximation calculations and experiments when availab le. Consi…

Electronic correlationChemistrySurfaces and InterfacesElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsAb initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistryMaterials ChemistryDensity of statesDensity functional theoryLocal-density approximationElectronic band structureElectronic densitySurface Science
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Electrophoresis of colloidal dispersions in the low-salt regime

2007

We study the electrophoretic mobility of spherical charged colloids in a low-salt suspension as a function of the colloidal concentration. Using an effective particle charge and a reduced screening parameter, we map the data for systems with different particle charges and sizes, including numerical simulation data with full electrostatics and hydrodynamics and experimental data for latex dispersions, on a single master curve. We observe two different volume fraction-dependent regimes for the electrophoretic mobility that can be explained in terms of the static properties of the ionic double layer.

ElectrophoresisQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesDrift velocityMaterials scienceLatexGeneral Physics and AstronomyIonic bondingCharge densityFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterElectrostaticsElectric chargeChemistry Techniques AnalyticalCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterColloidElectrophoresissymbols.namesakeModels ChemicalChemical physicssymbolsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Computer SimulationSaltsColloidsDebye
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A comprehensive experimental study of the rheological behaviour of HDPE.

1986

Extensional properties of four high density polyethylenes with different molecular weights and molecular weight distributions are presented. The samples have already been well characterized in shear and non-isothermal extensional flow. The data were collected at 180 °C for elongational rates between 3 · 10−1 and 10−4s−1. Some qualitative and quantitative generalizations of the results are given.

End effectMaterials scienceShear (geology)RheologyShear viscosityPolymer chemistryHigh densityGeneral Materials ScienceDie swellHigh-density polyethyleneComposite materialCondensed Matter PhysicsExtensional definitionRheologica Acta
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Preventive effect of risedronate on bone loss and frailty fractures in elderly women treated with anastrozole for early breast cancer.

2011

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of adjuvant anastrozole, alone or associated with risedronate, on BMD and bone fracture risk in women more than 70 years old with hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer (EBC). In a group of 51 elderly women (aged 76.4 ± 5.0 years) considered for adjuvant aromatase inhibitors for EBC, 24 patients with T-scores ≥ -2 and no prevalent fractures received anastrozole 1 mg/day (group A), and 27 patients with T-scores < -2, or with T-scores ≥ -2 and prevalent fractures (group B), received anastrozole (1 mg/day) plus risedronate (35 mg/week). Both groups received supplementation with 1 g calcium carbonate and 800 IU vitamin D per day. Differen…

Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismOsteoporosisSeverity of Illness IndexCohort StudiesEndocrinologyBone DensityOrthopedics and Sports MedicineVitamin DAromataseOsteoporosis PostmenopausalAged 80 and overBone Density Conservation AgentsbiologyAromatase InhibitorsEtidronic AcidGeneral MedicineCombined Modality Therapymedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleRisedronic Acidmedicine.drugmusculoskeletal diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtyAntineoplastic Agents HormonalUrologyAnastrozoleBreast NeoplasmsAnastrozoleCalcium CarbonateNitrilesmedicineVitamin D and neurologyHumansBone ResorptionAgedNeoplasm StagingFemoral neckTrochanterbusiness.industryBone fractureTriazolesmedicine.diseaseSurgeryEarly breast cancer Anastrozole Osteoporosis Vertebral fractures ElderlyDietary SupplementsOrthopedic surgerybiology.proteinbusinessOsteoporotic FracturesFollow-Up Studies
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Computational nuclear quantum many-body problem: The UNEDF project

2013

The UNEDF project was a large-scale collaborative effort that applied high-performance computing to the nuclear quantum many-body problem. The primary focus of the project was on constructing, validating, and applying an optimized nuclear energy density functional, which entailed a wide range of pioneering developments in microscopic nuclear structure and reactions, algorithms, high-performance computing, and uncertainty quantification. UNEDF demonstrated that close associations among nuclear physicists, mathematicians, and computer scientists can lead to novel physics outcomes built on algorithmic innovations and computational developments. This review showcases a wide range of UNEDF scien…

Energy density functionalNuclear Theoryta114Computer scienceFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMSSupercomputerNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Many-body problemRange (mathematics)Hardware and ArchitectureSystems engineeringStatistical physicsUncertainty quantificationQuantumNuclear theoryComputer Physics Communications
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