Search results for " diet."
showing 10 items of 2937 documents
Sicilian Opuntia ficus‐indica Seed Oil: Fatty Acid Composition and Bio‐Economical Aspects
2017
The fatty acid composition of the seed oil from the yellow fruit of Opuntia ficus-indica widely grown in Sicily shows several distinctive features. The oil obtained comprises significant amounts of vaccenic acid along with several other unsaturated fatty acids showing several health benefits, including linolenic, trans-13-octadecenoic, gondoic, 7Z,10Z-hexadecadienoic, and gadoleic acid. The economic analysis shows the significant advantage of carrying out the extraction from fruits considered unfit for consumption. Practical applications: The fatty acid composition of Sicilian Opuntia ficus-indica seed oil is similar to that of fruits grown in Tunisia, while it has a completely different pr…
Associations of dietary carbohydrate and fatty acid intakes with cognition among children
2020
AbstractObjective:To investigate the cross-sectional associations of dietary carbohydrate and fatty acid intakes with cognition in mid-childhood.Design:Dietary carbohydrate and fatty acid intakes were assessed using 4-d food records, and cognition was evaluated using the Raven’s Coloured Progressive Matrices (RCPM) score. The cross-sectional associations of dietary carbohydrate and fatty acid intakes with cognition were investigated using linear regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, body fat percentage, household income, parental education and daily energy intake.Setting:The baseline examinations of the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children study.Participants:A population-based s…
Investigating fibrosis and inflammation in an ex vivo NASH murine model.
2020
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease, characterized by excess fat accumulation (steatosis). Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) develops in 15–20% of NAFLD patients and frequently progresses to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. We aimed to develop an ex vivo model of inflammation and fibrosis in steatotic murine precision-cut liver slices (PCLS). NASH was induced in C57Bl/6 mice on an amylin and choline-deficient l-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet. PCLS were prepared from steatohepatitic (sPCLS) and control (cPCLS) livers and cultured for 48 h with LPS, TGFβ1, or elafibranor. Additionally, C57Bl/6 mice were placed on CDAA diet for 12 wk to receive elafibranor…
Mediterranean diet and prudent diet are both associated with low circulating esterified 3-hydroxy fatty acids, a proxy of LPS burden, among older adu…
2021
Background LPS-type endotoxins, naturally found in the gut microbiota, are recognized as triggers of inflammation and emerge as detrimental factors of healthy aging. Nutrition represents a promising strategy to reduce LPS burden, yet little is known about the relation of diet to circulating LPS concentrations. Objective The aim was to evaluate the associations between food groups, dietary patterns, and circulating 3-hydroxy fatty acids (3-OH FAs), a proxy of LPS burden. Methods In a cross-sectional study of 698 French older community-dwelling individuals, 3-OH FA concentrations were measured by LC-tandem MS. Dietary patterns were determined using food-frequency questionnaires. Adherence to …
Litchi chinensis as a Functional Food and a Source of Antitumor Compounds: An Overview and a Description of Biochemical Pathways.
2017
Litchi is a tasty fruit that is commercially grown for food consumption and nutritional benefits in various parts of the world. Due to its biological activities, the fruit is becoming increasingly known and deserves attention not only for its edible part, the pulp, but also for its peel and seed that contain beneficial substances with antioxidant, cancer preventive, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory functions. Although literature demonstrates the biological activity of Litchi components in reducing tumor cell viability in in vitro or in vivo models, data about the biochemical mechanisms responsible for these effects are quite fragmentary. This review specifically describes, in a comprehe…
Dietary components modulate the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients.
2018
Abstract Eighty percent of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases occur after cirrhosis from various etiologies. The association between diet and cancer is well accepted, but the links with cirrhosis progression and HCC risk have been poorly investigated. However, we hypothesized that diet could be a modifiable preventive factor for HCC. Thus, the aim of our study was to explore the relationships between dietary factors and the risk of HCC in a population of cirrhotic patients. A total of 582 cirrhotic patients were studied: 401 without HCC (controls) and 181 with HCC (cases). These patients were recruited between 2008 and 2012 for the “CiRCE” case-control study conducted in six French univer…
The rs11187533 C&#x3e;T Variant of the <b><i>FFAR4</i></b> Gene Is Associated with Lower Levels of Fasting Glucose and De…
2020
<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Genetic factors can modulate the development of associated comorbidities in obesity. It has been shown that loss-of-function variants of the <i>free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4)</i> gene negatively affect obesity comorbidities such as insulin resistance and fatty liver disease. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To test the relationships of metabolic factors in children with obesity with variants of the <i>FFAR4</i> gene. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We performed an association study of 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of <i>FFAR4</i> (rs10882273 T&#x3e;C, rs1…
The impact of cooking on meat microstructure studied by low field NMR and Neutron Tomography
2017
International audience; We studied the impact of temperature of cooking on meat microstructure. The cooking temperature was verified by calorimetry, showing the disappearance of endothermic peaks when cooking temperature was increased. These observations correspond to the denaturation of different protein fractions at specific temperatures. 1H-low field NMR and neutron tomography were used to further understand the relationship between the observed protein denaturation and changes in meat microstructure after heating. Hahn’s echo and solid echo NMR sequences were applied to observe fast relaxation time corresponding to rigid protons. These protons were found to be associated with pools of p…
Bioactive Compounds in Wild Asteraceae Edible Plants Consumed in the Mediterranean Diet
2020
Three wild edible plant species belonging to the Asteraceae family, Crepis vesicaria L. (s.l.), Sonchus asper (L.) Hill s.l., and Sonchus oleraceus L., usually consumed in the Mediterranean diet, were tested for their nutritional composition and content of carotenoids, tocols, thiamine and riboflavin. Low amounts of thiamine and riboflavin were found. All species were sources of xanthophylls (violaxanthin, neoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin) and carotenes (α-carotene, β-carotene, 9-cis-β-carotene and 13-cis-β-carotene). Lutein accounted for the highest content (about 4 mg/100 g). They had good tocol amounts, in particular α-tocopherol (about 2–3 mg/100 g). Taking into accoun…
Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) as a functional food additive in egg pasta: Enrichment and bioaccessibility of Lutein and β-carotene
2018
Abstract The use of stinging nettles as an ingredient in egg pasta has been evaluated with respect to food enrichment with carotenoids. Bioaccessibility of lutein and β-carotene has been estimated by dynamic simulation of the digestion process, with particular attention to duodenum and colon stages. Higher bioaccessibility for the two carotenoids occurs between 2 and 24 h of colonic fermentation and it is around 35% for lutein and 10% for β-carotene. However, the results reveal that the food matrix has a significant role in carotenoid release during the digestion process. In general, nettle enriched pasta has a lower carotenoid bioaccessibility than dietary supplement at duodenum and after …