Search results for " differences"
showing 10 items of 431 documents
Können Unterschiede in Stresswahrnehmung und -bewältigung Geschlechtsunterschiede in der depressiven Symptombelastung bei Jugendlichen erklären?
2001
Zusammenfassung: Die vorliegende Längsschnittstudie untersucht den differentiellen Beitrag von Belastung, Bewältigung und sozialen Beziehungen zur Erklärung depressiver Symptombelastung im Jugendalter. 101 weibliche und 89 männliche Jugendliche nahmen an vier jährlichen Erhebungswellen teil, in denen depressive Symptome, Alltagsbelastungen, Konflikte mit Eltern und Freunden, der Copingstil sowie das Selbstkonzept untersucht wurden. Im Alter von 14 Jahren wurden bei weiblichen im Vergleich zu männlichen Jugendlichen ein höheres Ausmaß an Alltagsstressoren, mehr Konflikte in der Beziehung zur Mutter sowie mehr vermeidendes Coping festgestellt; männliche Jugendliche wiesen zu allen Messzeitpu…
Zur Frage sozialer Unterschiede in der Verteilung der ABO-, MN- und Rh-Faktoren
1963
An einer Stichprobe von 9310 einheimischen westfalischen Schulern wurde die Frage sozialer Unterschiede in der Verteilung der ABO-, MN- und Rh-Faktoren untersucht. Wahrend sich fur die Genotypen und Gene des MN-Systems keine sozialen Haufigkeitsunterschiede ergaben, konnten solche fur das ABO- und Rh-System nachgewiesen werden, und zwar bedingt durch ein signifikantes Abweichen der Arbeitergruppe von den ubrigen Sozialgruppen. Die moglichen, im bevolkerungsgeschichtlichen Bereich liegenden Ursachen hierfur wurden diskutiert. Unsere westfalischen Beobachtungen zeigen, das bei bestimmten soziologischen Gegebenheiten soziale Unterschiede in der Verteilung der erblichen Blutmerkmale moglich sin…
Stability and Change in Diffusion Model Parameters over Two Years
2021
In recent years, mathematical models of decision making, such as the diffusion model, have been endorsed in individual differences research. These models can disentangle different components of the decision process, like processing speed, speed–accuracy trade-offs, and duration of non-decisional processes. The diffusion model estimates individual parameters of cognitive process components, thus allowing the study of individual differences. These parameters are often assumed to show trait-like properties, that is, within-person stability across tasks and time. However, the assumption of temporal stability has so far been insufficiently investigated. With this work, we explore stability and c…
Relation between current alcohol consumption and attitude towards alcohol use among students
2020
Individual Differences in Dispositional Mindfulness Predict Attentional Networks and Vigilance Performance
2022
Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank Tao Coll-Martín, Fernando G. Luna, and Miguel A. Vadillo for the kind and helpful input provided during the development of this research project.
Moving to become healthier?
2020
This paper examines individuals’ health and whether it improves when individuals move from a region with poorer health on average to a region with better health on average. We used data from Finland, which is a country with large regional differences in health behaviours and outcomes. We found no evidence that moving from a less healthy region to a healthier region would have any significant effect on the health of individuals who move compared with the health of other individuals. We also examined the potential heterogeneity in the analysed relationships. We found evidence of a relationship between moving itself and health improvements, but this generally true only for our subsample of ind…
Assessing the metacognitive reading awareness of Finnish high school students
2015
Kyky lukea akateemisia tekstejä englannin kielellä on entistä tärkeämpi taito kolmannen asteen koulutuksessa. Pohja tälle taidolle muodostuu toisen asteen koulutuksessa, eli useimmiten lukiossa. Toisen kielen – useimmiten siis englannin – opetussuunnitelman neljäs kurssi keskittyy lukustrategioiden opettamiseen. Lukustrategioita opetetaan, koska niillä on tutkitusti merkitystä etenkin haastavissa toisen kielen teksteissä, joita oppilaat tulevat kohtaamaan. ”Strategia” ymmärretään usein tietoiseksi prosessiksi, jossa lukija on tietoinen käyttäessään strategiaa. Tietoisuuden ollessa mukana puhutaan metakognitiivisista lukustrategioista. Näiden strategioiden käyttöön on luotu kysely, jota tämä…
Predicting the Success of Blastocyst Implantation from Morphokinetic Parameters Estimated through CNNs and Sum of Absolute Differences
2019
The process of In Vitro Fertilization deals nowadays with the challenge of selecting viable embryos with the highest probability of success in the implantation. In this topic, we present a computer-vision-based system to analyze the videos related to days of embryo development which automatically extracts morphokinetic features and estimates the success of implantation. A robust algorithm to detect the embryo in the culture image is proposed to avoid artifacts. Then, the ability of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for predicting the number of cells per frame is novelty combined with the Sum of Absolute Differences (SAD) signal in charge of capturing the amount of intensity changes durin…
Does hospital competition harm equity? Evidence from the English National Health Service
2011
Increasing evidence shows that hospital competition under fixed prices can improve quality and reduce cost. Concerns remain, however, that competition may undermine socio-economic equity in the utilisation of care. We test this hypothesis in the context of the pro-competition reforms of the English National Health Service progressively introduced from 2004 to 2006. We use a panel of 32,482 English small areas followed from 2003 to 2008 and a difference in differences approach. The effect of competition on equity is identified by the interaction between market structure, small area income deprivation and year. We find a negative association between market competition and elective admissions …
Sexual satisfaction in male infertility.
1999
Infertility is proposed to be a continuing stressor for couples suffering from involuntary childlessness. A long duration of the desire for a child and, correspondingly, a longer period of diagnostic and treatment procedures could have a negative impact on sexual satisfaction, thus leading to an unfavorable psychological circuit. The present evaluation should clarify the state of sexual satisfaction and relationships, with relevant parameters in 68 men with fertility problems, of couples with involuntary childlessness. Subjects reported relatively high average levels of present sexual satisfaction with only nonsignificant lower scores (p = .08) compared to recalled sexual satisfaction prior…