Search results for " disease progression"

showing 10 items of 81 documents

Oxidative Stress and Respiratory System: Pharmacological and Clinical Reappraisal of N-Acetylcysteine

2014

Abstract The large surface area for gas exchange makes the respiratory system particularly susceptible to oxidative stress-mediated injury. Both endogenous and exogenous pro-oxidants (e.g. cigarette smoke) trigger activation of leukocytes and host defenses. These mechanisms interact in a ìmultilevel cycleî responsible for the control of the oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis. Several studies have demonstrated the presence of increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidants (e.g. reduced glutathione [GSH]) in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the contribution of oxidative stress to the pathophysiology of COPD is generally only minimally discussed. The aim of t…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineChronic ObstructiveAntioxidantantioxidantNeutrophilsmedicine.medical_treatmentAntioxidant; Copd exacerbation; Lung function; Small airways; Acetylcysteine; Antioxidants; Bronchitis Chronic; Disease Progression; Expectorants; Forced Expiratory Volume; Hospitalization; Humans; Macrophages; Neutrophils; Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive; Reactive Oxygen Species; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; Oxidative Stress; Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAntioxidant; Copd exacerbation; Lung function; Small airways; Acetylcysteine; Antioxidants; Bronchitis Chronic; Disease Progression; Expectorants; Forced Expiratory Volume; Hospitalization; Humans; Macrophages; Neutrophils; Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive; Reactive Oxygen Species; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; Oxidative StressOxidative phosphorylationReviewSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratoriomedicine.disease_causeAntioxidantsAcetylcysteinePulmonary Diseasechemistry.chemical_compoundPulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveCOPD exacerbationForced Expiratory VolumemedicineHumansRespiratory systemChronicBronchitisExpectorantschemistry.chemical_classificationCOPDReactive oxygen speciessmall airwaysbusiness.industryMacrophageslung functionGlutathionemedicine.diseaseAcetylcysteineBronchitis ChronicHospitalizationOxidative StresschemistryImmunologyDisease ProgressionRespiratory Physiological PhenomenabusinessReactive Oxygen SpeciesOxidative stressmedicine.drug
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The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Three: A global synthesis

2013

This ISAAC Phase Three synthesis provides summarised information on the main findings of the study, regional tables and figures related to the prevalence and severity of current symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in the main regions of the world. The large number of surveyed children (≈1,200,000), the large number of centres (233) and countries (98) that participated in ISAAC Phase Three makes this study the most comprehensive survey of these diseases ever undertaken. Globally, the prevalence for current asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in the 13-14-year age group was 14.1%, 14.6% and 7.3%, respectively. In the 6-7-year age group the prevalence for current asthma, rhin…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineMalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyAllergyAdolescentInternational CooperationImmunologyEczemaISAACSocioeconomic FactorSurveys and QuestionnairesEpidemiologymedicinePrevalenceHumansImmunology and AllergyPractice Patterns Physicians'ChildSocioeconomic statusChildrenRhinitiAsthmaAsthma; Children; Eczema; ISAAC; Rhinitis; Adolescent; Asthma; Child; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; International Cooperation; Male; Physician's Practice Patterns; Prevalence; Questionnaires; Socioeconomic Factors; Immunology and Allergybusiness.industryQuestionnaireDisease progressionGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseAsthmaSocioeconomic FactorsMulticenter studyEtiologyDisease ProgressionLocal environmentFemalePhysician's Practice PatternbusinessDemographyHuman
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Sex steroids, carcinogenesis, and cancer progression

2004

The relationship between sex steroids and cancer has been studied for more than a century. Using an original intact cell analysis, we investigated sex steroid metabolism in a panel of human cancer cell lines, either hormone responsive or unresponsive, originating from human breast, endometrium, and prostate. We found that highly divergent patterns of steroid metabolism exist and that the catalytic preference (predominantly reductive or oxidative) is strictly associated with the steroid receptor status of cells. We explored intra-tissue concentrations and profiles of estrogens in a set of human breast tumors as compared to normal mammary tissues, also in relation to their estrogen receptor s…

Receptor StatusTime FactorsIntratumor estrogenCatecholsBreast cancer; Intratumor estrogens; Sex steroids; Adsorption; Androstenedione; Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Catalysis; Catechols; Cell Line Tumor; Chromatography High Pressure Liquid; Disease Progression; Estradiol; Estrogens; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Ions; Kinetics; Models Biological; Neoplasms; Steroids; Time Factors; Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)Sex steroidmedicine.disease_causeEndometriumCatalysiBreast cancerNeoplasmsEstrogen Receptor StatusChromatography High Pressure LiquidEstradiolGeneral NeuroscienceSex hormone receptormedicine.anatomical_structureDisease ProgressionSteroidsBreast NeoplasmHumanmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorBreast NeoplasmsIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyModels BiologicalCatalysisGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyBreast cancerHistory and Philosophy of ScienceCell Line TumorInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsHumansIonSteroidKineticIonsBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)AnimalIn Vitro TechniqueAndrostenedioneCancerEstrogensmedicine.diseaseEstrogenKineticsEndocrinologySex steroidCatecholNeoplasmAdsorptionCarcinogenesis
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Relationship between low Ankle-Brachial Index and rapid renal function decline in patients with atrial fibrillation: a prospective multicentre cohort…

2015

Objective: To investigate the relationship between Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) and renal function progression in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Design: Observational prospective multicentre cohort study. Setting: Atherothrombosis Center of I Clinica Medica of 'Sapienza' University of Rome; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro; Atrial Fibrillation Registry for Ankle-Brachial Index Prevalence Assessment-Collaborative Italian Study. Participants: 897 AF patients on treatment with vitamin K antagonists. Main outcome measures: The relationship between basal ABI and renal function progression, assessed by the estimated Glomerular Filtration R…

RegistrieMaleAnkle brachial index atrial fibrillation renal functionCross-sectional studyAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsBlood PressureCardiovascular Medicineurologic and male genital diseasesKidneyRisk FactorsAtrial FibrillationOdds RatioSurveys and Questionnaireatrial fibrillation1506Prospective StudiesRenal InsufficiencyPractice Patterns Physicians'Prospective cohort studyMedicine (all)Atrial fibrillationGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.anatomical_structureItalyHypertensioncardiovascular systemCardiologyDisease ProgressionFemaleVitamin K antagonistABICohort studyHumanGlomerular Filtration RateAnkle brachial index; atrial fibrillation; renal function1683medicine.medical_specialtyLogistic ModelNon-Vitamin K oral anticoagulantRenal functionrenal function declineAnkle-Brachial IndexNOInternal medicineAged; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Atrial Fibrillation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Italy; Kidney; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Prospective Studies; Renal Insufficiency; Risk Factors; Ankle Brachial Index; Blood Pressure; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Medicine (all)medicineInternal MedicineHumansAnkle Brachial Indexcardiovascular diseasesIntensive care medicineAgedCross-Sectional StudieAntithrombotic therapybusiness.industryRisk FactorResearchrenal functionAnticoagulantAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorOdds ratiomedicine.diseasebody regionsProspective StudieBlood pressureAtrial fibrillation; Ankle-Brachial Index; renal function declineCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsAnklebusinessABI renal function atrial fibrillation
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Prognostic indicators in pediatric clinically isolated syndrome

2017

To assess prognostic factors for a second clinical attack and a first disability worsening event in pediatric clinically isolated syndrome (pCIS) suggestive of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. Objective: To assess prognostic factors for a second clinical attack and a first disability-worsening event in pediatric clinically isolated syndrome (pCIS) suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Methods: A cohort of 770 pCIS patients was followed up for at least 10 years. Cox proportional hazard models and Recursive Partitioning and Amalgamation (RECPAM) tree-regression were used to analyze data. Results: In pCIS, female sex and a multifocal onset were risk factors for a second clinical att…

RegistrieMaleMultiple SclerosisAdolescentAdolescent; Age of Onset; Child; Demyelinating Diseases; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Multiple Sclerosis; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Disease Progression; Registries; Neurology; Neurology (clinical)PrognosiONSET MULTIPLE-SCLEROSISCHILDHOODCHILDRENPARACLINICAL FEATURESDISABILITY PROGRESSIONNOFollow-Up StudieRisk FactorsRetrospective Studieprognostic indicatorsMultiple Sclerosipediatric multiple sclerosis prognosis indicatorsHumansRegistriesAge of OnsetChildOPTIC NEURITISRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorDemyelinating DiseaseNATURAL-HISTORYPrognosismultiple sclerosis clinically isolated syndrome prognostic indicatorsNeurologyTRANSVERSE MYELITISclinically isolated syndromeINTERFERON BETA-1BDisease ProgressionSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaFemaleNeurology (clinical)FOLLOW-UPDemyelinating DiseasesFollow-Up StudiesHuman
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Compromised nuclear envelope integrity drives TREX1-dependent DNA damage and tumor cell invasion

2021

Although mutations leading to a compromised nuclear envelope cause diseases such as muscular dystrophies or accelerated aging, the consequences of mechanically induced nuclear envelope ruptures are less known. Here, we show that nuclear envelope ruptures induce DNA damage that promotes senescence in non-transformed cells and induces an invasive phenotype in human breast cancer cells. We find that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated exonuclease TREX1 translocates into the nucleus after nuclear envelope rupture and is required to induce DNA damage. Inside the mammary duct, cellular crowding leads to nuclear envelope ruptures that generate TREX1-dependent DNA damage, thereby driving the …

SenescenceExonucleaseDNA damageNuclear Envelope[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Breast NeoplasmsBiologySettore MED/08 - Anatomia PatologicaGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCell LineMicemedicineSettore MED/05 - Patologia ClinicaAnimalsHumansNeoplasm InvasivenessEpithelial–mesenchymal transitionCellular SenescenceEndoplasmic reticulumPhosphoproteinsXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysCell biology[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]medicine.anatomical_structureExodeoxyribonucleasesCancer cellProteolysisbiology.proteinTREX1 nuclear envelope rupture DNA damage mammary duct carcinoma tumor invasion senescence breast cancer cGAS confinement epithelial to mesenchymal transition Animals Breast Neoplasms Cell Line Cellular Senescence Collagen Disease Progression Exodeoxyribonucleases Female Humans Mice Neoplasm InvasivenessNuclear Envelope PhosphoproteinsProteolysis Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays DNA DamageDisease ProgressionFemaleCollagenNucleusExtracellular Matrix DegradationDNA Damage
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The Effect of Tiotropium in Symptomatic Asthma Despite Low- to Medium-Dose Inhaled Corticosteroids: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

2014

BackgroundTiotropium, a once-daily long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator, has demonstrated efficacy in patients with asthma who were symptomatic despite treatment with medium- to high-dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICS).ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-daily tiotropium Respimat (5 μg or 2.5 μg), compared with placebo Respimat, as add-on therapy to low- to medium-dose ICS for adults with symptomatic asthma.MethodsA phase III, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted (NCT01316380). Adults with symptomatic asthma receiving low- to medium-dose ICS (200-400 μg budesonide or equivalent dose) and a pre-bronchodilator forced expira…

SpirometryBudesonideAdultMaleRespimatmedicine.drug_classSymptomaticAnticholinergicMildPlacebo03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBronchodilatorsAdrenal Cortex HormonesBronchodilatorControlAdministration InhalationImmunology and AllergyMedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineTiotropium BromideBudesonideAnticholinergic; Asthma; Bronchodilators; Control; GINA; ICS; Mild; Respimat; Symptomatic; Tiotropium; Administration Inhalation; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Asthma; Bronchodilator Agents; Budesonide; Disease Progression; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; Male; Placebo Effect; Spirometry; Tiotropium Bromide; Treatment Outcome; Immunology and AllergyAsthmamedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryTiotropiumTiotropium bromidemedicine.diseasePlacebo EffectGINAAsthmarespiratory tract diseasesRespimatBronchodilator AgentsDrug CombinationsTreatment OutcomeInhalation030228 respiratory systemTolerabilityICSSpirometryAnesthesiaAdministrationDisease ProgressionFemalebusinessmedicine.drugThe journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice
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Effect of aspirin on renal disease progression in patients with type 2 diabetes: A multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. T…

2017

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease and kidney failure. It has been estimated that the annual decline of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among patients with T2DM is approximately 2.0-2.5 mL min−1 y−1. Cyclooxygenase-dependent eicosanoids, such as 11-dehydro-thromboxane (Tx)B2, are increased in T2DM patients and are potentially involved in the regulation of renal blood flow. Animal models showed that cyclooxygenase inhibitors, such as aspirin, are associated with improvements in renal plasma flow and eGFR values. Hypothesis The primary end point of the LEDA trial is to evaluate the 1-year decline of eGFR in T2DM pa…

Time Factorskidney disease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologylaw.invention0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawClinical endpointMedicineRenal Insufficiency030212 general & internal medicineChronicKidneyAspirinkidney disease progressionclinical trialtrialPrognosisType 2 diabetes mellituAspirin; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Disease Progression; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Double-Blind Method; Follow-Up Studies; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Prognosis; Renal Insufficiency Chronic; Time Factors; Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinemedicine.anatomical_structureAspirin; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Diabetes Mellitus; Type 2; Disease Progression; Dose-Response Relationship; Drug; Double-Blind Method; Follow-Up Studies; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Prognosis; Renal Insufficiency; Chronic; Time Factors; Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineDisease Progressiontype 2 diabetesDrugSettore SECS-S/01 - StatisticaCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineType 2Glomerular Filtration Ratemedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyUrologyRenal functionDose-Response Relationship03 medical and health sciencesDouble-Blind MethodDiabetes MellitusHumansCyclooxygenase InhibitorsRenal Insufficiency Chronickidney disease kidney disease progression type 2 diabetes aspirin trialDose-Response Relationship DrugAspirinbusiness.industryrenal functionmedicine.diseaseSurgeryClinical trialDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Renal blood flowbusinessFollow-Up StudiesKidney disease
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Positioning the principles of precision medicine in care pathways for allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis – A EUFOREA-ARIA-EPOS-AIRWAYS IC…

2017

Precision medicine (PM) is increasingly recognized as the way forward for optimizing patient care. Introduced in the field of oncology, it is now considered of major interest in other medical domains like allergy and chronic airway diseases, which face an urgent need to improve the level of disease control, enhance patient satisfaction and increase effectiveness of preventive interventions. The combination of personalized care, prediction of treatment success, prevention of disease and patient participation in the elaboration of the treatment plan is expected to substantially improve the therapeutic approach for individuals suffering from chronic disabling conditions. Given the emerging dat…

allergic rhinitis; integrated care pathway; precision medicine; rhinosinusitisAllergyRhinosinusitisDiseaseAllergic rhinitis0302 clinical medicineQUALITY-OF-LIFEMedicineImmunology and Allergy030223 otorhinolaryngologySinusitisNASAL POLYPOSISRhinitisPrecision medicineintegrated care pathway3. Good healthAlgorithmREAL-LIFEIMPACT OUTCOMESARIA and EPOS working groups1107 ImmunologyDISEASESGA(2)LENDisease Progressionallergic rhinitiLife Sciences & BiomedicineENDOSCOPIC SINUS SURGERYAlgorithmsHumanIntegrated care pathwayallergic rhinitis; integrated care pathway; precision medicine; rhinosinusitis; Adult; Algorithms; Chronic Disease; Disease Progression; Humans; Precision Medicine; Rhinitis Allergic; Sinusitis; Young Adult; Immunology and Allergy; ImmunologyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyprecision medicineImmunologyrhinosinusitiPHENOTYPESVALIDATIONYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesTherapeutic approachAllergicPatient satisfactionQuality of life (healthcare)HumansSinusitisPatient participationIMMUNOTHERAPYIntensive care medicinerhinosinusitisAsthmaScience & Technologyallergic rhinitis; integrated care pathway; precision medicine; rhinosinusitis; Immunology and Allergy; Immunologyallergic rhinitisbusiness.industrymedicine.diseasePrecision medicineSinusitiRhinitis AllergicSEVERITY030228 respiratory system3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicineChronic DiseasePhysical therapyASTHMAbusiness
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SCD5-induced oleic acid production reduces melanoma malignancy by intracellular retention of SPARC and cathepsin B

2014

A proper balance between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) is required for maintaining cell homeostasis. The increased demand of FAs to assemble the plasma membranes of continuously dividing cancer cells might unbalance this ratio and critically affect tumour outgrowth. We unveiled the role of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase SCD5 in converting saturated FAs into mono-unsaturated FAs during melanoma progression. SCD5 is down-regulated in advanced melanoma and its restored expression significantly reduced melanoma malignancy, both in vitro and in vivo, through a mechanism governing the secretion of extracellular matrix proteins, such as secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPAR…

cathepsin B2734Intracellular SpaceDown-RegulationCell LineMelanocyteCell Line TumormelanomaHumansintracellular acidityOsteonectinNeoplasticTumorMedicine (all)Fatty AcidsSPARCHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticSCD5Gene Expression Regulationoleic acidDisease ProgressionMelanocytesFatty AcidStearoyl-CoA Desaturasecathepsin B; intracellular acidity; melanoma; oleic acid; SCD5; SPARC; Cathepsin B; Cell Line Tumor; Disease Progression; Down-Regulation; Fatty Acids; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Intracellular Space; Melanocytes; Melanoma; Oleic Acid; Osteonectin; Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase; Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic; 2734; Medicine (all)Human
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