Search results for " dose"

showing 10 items of 593 documents

Comparison of TID response and SEE characterization of single- and multi-level high density NAND flash memories

2009

Heavy ion single-event measurements and total ionizing dose (TID) response for 8Gb commercial NAND flash memories are reported. Radiation results of multilevel flash technology are compared with results from single-level flash technology. The single-level devices are less sensitive to single event upsets (SEUs) than multi-level devices. In general, these commercial high density memories exhibit less TID degradation compared to older generations of flash memories. The charge pump in this study survived up to 600 krads.

Hardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURESMaterials sciencebusiness.industryNAND gateFlash memoryNon-volatile memoryFlash (photography)Single event upsetAbsorbed doseComputer data storageCharge pumpElectronic engineeringOptoelectronicsbusiness2009 European Conference on Radiation and Its Effects on Components and Systems
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Application of Toxkit microbiotests for toxicity assessment in soil and compost

2004

The potential of Toxkit microbiotests to detect and analyze pollution in agricultural soil and the quality of compost was studied. The toxicity tests used included seed germination biotests using cress salad (Lepidum sativum L.), tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.), and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), and the Toxkit microbiotests included those with microalgae (Selenastrum capricornutum), protozoa (Tetrahymena thermophila), crustaceans (Daphnia magna, Thamnocephalus platyurus, and Heterocypris incongruens), and rotifers (Brachionus calyciflorus). Experiments on compost were undertaken in a modified solid-state fermentation system (SSF) and under field conditions (in a windrow). To promote th…

Health Toxicology and MutagenesisDaphnia magnaRotiferaGerminationSelenastrumManagement Monitoring Policy and Lawengineering.materialToxicologyLepidium sativumLethal Dose 50SoilBioreactorsSativumSolanum lycopersicumChlorophytaCrustaceaToxicity TestsBrachionus calyciflorusAnimalsSoil PollutantsSoil MicrobiologySewagebiologyHerbicidesCompostEcologyTrichoderma viridePesticide ResiduesGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationHorticultureTrichodermaTetrahymenaengineeringNitrificationSeasonsCucumis sativusEnvironmental Toxicology
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Acute lethal toxicity of some pesticides toBrachionus calyciflorus andBrachionus plicatilis

1991

Due to their widespread distribution and toxic nattwe pesticides may have a serious impact on the aquatic environment and exert adverse effects on the associated organisms. Acute bioassay tests have been used to determine the actual impact of various pesticides on aquatic life. Static acute toxicity tests provide rapid and reproductible concentration-response curves for estimating toxic effects of chemicals on aquatic organisms. These tests provide a data base for determining relative toxicity to a variety of species.

Health Toxicology and MutagenesisRotiferaFresh WaterBiologyToxicologyLethal Dose 50ToxicologySpecies SpecificityBrachionus calyciflorusAnimalsEcotoxicologyBioassaySeawaterPesticidesTrichlorfonAniline CompoundsEcologyAquatic ecosystemFenitrothionGeneral MedicinePesticideBrachionusbiology.organism_classificationPollutionAcute toxicityToxicityChlorpyrifosHexachlorocyclohexaneBulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
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Effects of Terbuthylazine on Soil Fauna and Decomposition Processes

1996

Abstract Acute lethal and sublethal effects of terbuthylazine and the commercial herbicide preparation Gardoprim [terbuthylazine is the active ingredient (a.i.)] on soil organisms (microbes, oppioid mites, two gamasid mite species, enchytraeids, and nematodes) were studied. In the humus soil terbuthylazine had no toxic effects on soil animals tested. However, the herbicide preparation had acute toxic effects on enchytraeids [no-observed-effect level (NOEL) 1.0 g a.i./m 2 ] and both gamasid mites (NOEL 2.4 and 5.0 g a.i./m 2 ). According to filter paper test, the LC 50 value for oppioid mites was 14.5 g a.i./m 2 . In the humus soil the commercial preparation caused no dose-related mortality …

Health Toxicology and MutagenesisSoil biologyGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryLethal Dose 50Soil respirationchemistry.chemical_compoundSpecies SpecificityAmmoniaToxicity TestsMiteAnimalsSoil PollutantsEcotoxicologyArthropodsWater contentSoil MicrobiologyAnalysis of VarianceDose-Response Relationship DrugbiologyHerbicidesTriazinesPoisoningPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineTerbuthylazineHydrogen-Ion Concentrationbiology.organism_classificationPollutionHumusAgronomychemistrySoil waterEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Coronary artery calcium score on low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening

2013

Aim: To evaluate the feasibility of coronary artery calcium score (CACS) on low-dose non-gated chest CT (ngCCT). Methods: Sixty consecutive individuals (30 males; 73 ± 7 years) scheduled for risk stratification by means of unenhanced ECG-triggered cardiac computed tomography (gCCT) underwent additional unenhanced ngCCT. All CT scans were performed on a 64-slice CT scanner (Somatom Sensation 64 Cardiac, Siemens, Germany). CACS was calculated using conventional methods/scores (Volume, Mass, Agatston) as previously described in literature. The CACS value obtained were compared. The Mayo Clinic classification was used to stratify cardiovascular risk based on Agatston CACS. Differences and corre…

High-resolution computed tomographymedicine.medical_specialtyCoronary artery calcium scoreunenhanced chest computed tomographymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryCoronary artery calcium scorecardiovascular risk stratificationLow dosenutritional and metabolic diseasesComputed tomographyLower riskEffective dose (radiation)SurgeryLung cancer screeningcardiovascular systemmedicineProspective Studycardiovascular diseasesSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaAgatston scoreNuclear medicinebusinessHigh-resolution computed tomographyLung cancer screeningWorld Journal of Radiology
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Observational Study of Antibiotic Usage at the Children’s Clinical University Hospital in Riga, Latvia

2018

Background and objectives: Many pediatric patients have been treated with antibiotics during their hospitalization. There is a need to improve antibiotic prescribing for pediatric patients because many of these prescriptions are inappropriate. Antibiotic consumption analysis was conducted at the Children&rsquo

Hospitals CountyMale0301 basic medicinePoint prevalence surveymedicine.medical_specialtyMedicine (General)Adolescentmedicine.drug_class030106 microbiologyAntibioticsInappropriate Prescribingparenteral antibioticsArticlepoint prevalence surveyHospitals UniversityTertiary Care CentersAntimicrobial Stewardship03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineR5-920defined daily dose; hospitalized children; parenteral antibiotics; point prevalence survey; third-generation cephalosporinsInternal medicinemedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineMedical prescriptionChilddefined daily dosebusiness.industryData CollectionCeftriaxoneDrug Resistance MicrobialGeneral MedicineAmoxicillinHospitals PediatricUniversity hospitalLatviaDrug UtilizationAnti-Bacterial Agentsthird-generation cephalosporinsCross-Sectional StudiesDefined daily doseChild PreschoolCeftriaxonehospitalized childrenFemaleObservational studybusinessmedicine.drugMedicina; Volume 54; Issue 5; Pages: 74
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No Sustained Improvement in Tumor Oxygenation After Localized Mild Hyperthermia

2009

This study has attempted to address the controversy concerning sustained increases in tumor oxygenation upon localized mild hyperthermia. While some previous studies have reported transient increases, others have reported persistent increases in tumor oxygenation, lasting for upto 2 days after application of mild hyperthermia. In order to determine changes in oxygenation at clinically relevant tumor temperatures, experimental tumors in rats underwent localized hyperthermia at either 40, 41.8°C or 43°C for 1 h using water-filtered infrared-A irradiation. Oxygenation was continuously measured before, during and upto 60 min after hyperthermia in the tumors of anesthetized rats using oxygen-sen…

HyperthermiaMild hyperthermiabusiness.industryAnesthesiaOxygen metabolismCancer therapyMedicineHyperthermia TreatmentOxygenationTumor OxygenationThermal dosebusinessmedicine.disease
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Moderate hypofractionated helical tomotherapy for localized prostate cancer: preliminary report of an observational prospective study.

2019

Objective: To report preliminary findings of a phase II study exploring the clinical outcomes of moderate hypofractionated radiotherapy performed with helical tomotherapy (HT) using computed tomography–magnetic resonance imaging–based planning for localized prostate cancer. Methods: The phase II prospective study received ethics approval from our institutional ethics committee. A dose of 60 Gy/20 fractions for low–intermediate risk prostate cancer by means of HT was explored. Primary endpoints of the study were acute and late gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicities. Secondary endpoints were quality of life and biochemical-free survival. Results: A total of 35 patients were i…

Hypofractionated RadiotherapyMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmenttomotherapyPhases of clinical researchTomotherapy030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesProstate cancer0302 clinical medicinePreliminary reportProstatemedicineBiomarkers TumorHumansProspective StudiesNeoplasm MetastasisProspective cohort studyRadiometryProstate hypofractionation tomotherapyAgedNeoplasm StagingAged 80 and overhypofractionationbusiness.industryRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedProstateProstatic NeoplasmsGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasehypofractionation; Prostate; tomotherapymedicine.anatomical_structureTreatment OutcomeOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisQuality of LifeObservational studyRadiation Dose HypofractionationRadiologyRadiotherapy Intensity-ModulatedbusinessFollow-Up StudiesTumori
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In vitro evaluation of poloxamer in situ forming gels for bedaquiline fumarate salt and pharmacokinetics following intramuscular injection in rats

2019

Graphical abstract

In situPO Propylene oxideIV IntravenousP338 Poloxamer 338lcsh:RS1-441Pharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundn Sample sizeSD Standard deviationIM Intramuscularchemistry.chemical_classificationC0 Analyte plasma concentration at time zeroDoE Design of experimentsUV UltravioletPharmacology. TherapyK2.EDTA Potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acidLC–MS/MS Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryH&E Hematoxylin and eosintmax Sampling time to reach the maximum observed analyte plasma concentrationIn situ forming gelsCMC Critical micellar concentrationCmax Maximum observed analyte plasma concentrationIntramuscular injectionDN Dose normalizedGPT Gel point temperaturePLGA Poly-(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid)TFA Trifluoroacetic acidCAN AcetonitrileATP Adenosine 5′ triphosphateSalt (chemistry)Polyethylene glycolPoloxamerArticlelcsh:Pharmacy and materia medicaPharmacokineticsIn vivoUHPLC Ultra-high performance liquid chromatographyPharmacokineticsAUClast Area under the analyte concentration versus time curve from time zero to the time of the last measurable (non-below quantification level) concentrationEO Ethylene oxideNMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidoneComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSAUC∞ Area under the analyte concentration vs time curve from time zero to infinite timeP407 Poloxamer 407In vitro releasePoloxamerCMT Critical micellar temperatureGel erosionIn vitrot1/2 Apparent terminal elimination half-lifechemistryMDR-TB Multi-drug resistant tuberculosisAUC80h Area under the analyte concentration versus time curve from time zero to 80 htlast Sampling time until the last measurable (non-below quantification level) analyte plasma concentrationMRM Multiple reaction monitoringNuclear chemistrySustained releaseInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics: X
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Domain shuffling between Vip3Aa and Vip3Ca: chimera stability and insecticidal activity against European, American, African, and Asian pests

2020

The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis produces insecticidal Vip3 proteins during the vegetative growth phase with activity against several lepidopteran pests. To date, three different Vip3 protein families have been identified based on sequence identity: Vip3A, Vip3B, and Vip3C. In this study, we report the construction of chimeras by exchanging domains between Vip3Aa and Vip3Ca, two proteins with marked specificity differences against lepidopteran pests. We found that some domain combinations made proteins insoluble or prone to degradation by trypsin as most abundant insect gut protease. The soluble and trypsin-stable chimeras, along with the parental proteins Vip3Aa and Vip3Ca, were tested…

InsecticidesAsiaInsectaHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesismedicine.medical_treatmentBacillus thuringiensislcsh:MedicineSpodopteraToxicologyArticleLethal Dose 5003 medical and health sciencesHelicoverpa armigeraBacterial ProteinsProtein DomainsBacillus thuringiensismedicineAnimalsSpodoptera littoralisPest Control Biological030304 developmental biologychemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesProteasebiology030306 microbiologyProtein Stabilitylcsh:RfungiSpodoptera spp.Ostrinia furnacalisSouth Americabiology.organism_classificationFusion proteinAnticarsia gemmatalisAmino acidEuropeAnticarsia gemmatalisspodoptera spp. helicoverpa armigeraBiochemistrychemistryAfricaNorth AmericaMamestra brassicaeOstrinia furnacalis
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