Search results for " endocrinology"
showing 10 items of 1321 documents
Personality and eating habits revisited: Associations between the big five, food choices, and Body Mass Index in a representative Australian sample
2019
Abstract Objective Personality traits are related to health and health-related behavior such as eating habits. However, results are inconsistent regarding exactly which traits are related to eating habits. The eating habits assessed across studies are also not easily comparable, as they are based on different food items and on different computational methods. This study investigated eating habits and their relationship to both the Big Five personality traits and Body Mass Index (BMI; an objective criterion of health status) in a representative Australian sample. Method Participants were 13,892 adults from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey. An analysis of 14 food …
Measurement of body composition in cancer patients using CT planning scan at the third lumbar vertebra
2019
Objective: the main objective was to assess body composition in terms of skeletal muscle index (SMI), myosteatosis, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) as an adjunct of information provided by radiotherapy CT planning scan. Material and methods: a sample of 49 patients with lung and digestive cancers underwent a CT scan for radiotherapy treatment, which included measurements at the L3 region. Images were analyzed with a radiotherapy contouring software, using different Hounsfield Unit (HU) settings. Cross-sectional areas (cm2) were automatically computed by summing tissue pixels and multiplying by pixel surface area. Low …
The intestinal mycobiota and its relationship with overweight, obesity and nutritional aspects
2021
[Background]: The fungal community of the gastrointestinal tract has recently become of interest, and knowledge of its relationship with the development of obesity is scarce. The present study aimed to evaluate the cultivable fungal fraction from the microbiota and to analyze its relationship with obesity.
Metabolomic Changes after Coffee Consumption: New Paths on the Block
2021
Scope Several studies suggest that regular coffee consumption may help preventing chronic diseases, but the impact of daily intake and the contribution of coffee metabolites in disease prevention are still unclear. The present study aimed at evaluating whether and how different patterns of coffee intake (one cup of espresso coffee/day, three cups of espresso coffee/day, one cup of espresso coffee/day and two cocoa-based products containing coffee two times per day) might impact endogenous molecular pathways. Methods and results A three-arm, randomized, cross-over trial was performed in 21 healthy volunteers who consumed each treatment for one month. Urine samples were collected to perform u…
Growth hormone replacement in adults:Real-world data from two large studies in US and Europe
2020
Objective: This report describes the effectiveness and safety of growth hormone replacement in 3180 adult patients with growth hormone deficiency followed-up for 0.0–12.2 years in two completed, complementary, non-interventional, multicentre studies, NordiNet® International Outcome Study (IOS) (NCT00960128) and the American Norditropin® Studies: Web-Enabled Research (ANSWER) Program (NCT01009905). Design: In both studies, Norditropin® (somatropin; Novo Nordisk A/S, Denmark) was administered at the discretion of the treating physician and according to routine practice. We present data on baseline characteristics, growth hormone dose, safety data and change from baseline in waist circumferenc…
Effect of exercise on myosteatosis in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
2020
Muscle tissue typically contains only small amounts of adipose tissue, and the excess deposition of adiposity is considered a pathological phenomenon termed myosteatosis. Several studies have assessed the effects of exercise alone on the severity of myosteatosis, and some studies have reported promising results. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of exercise interventions on myosteatosis (i.e., lipid infiltration and muscle radiation attenuation). Studies were identified through a systematic search of three databases and limited to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focused on evaluating the effect of exercise interventions on lipid infiltration a…
Diagnosis of pre-sarcopenia from a single selectional crosscut at C3 region, using CT scans before radiotherapy
2019
espanolProposito: el proposito de este estudio fue diagnosticar la presarcopenia en pacientes con cancer que no disponen de imagenes por tomografia computarizada (TC) a nivel abdominal mediante un metodo novedoso basado en cortes a nivel cervical. Material y metodos: se analizaron y se compararon mediante unidades la masa muscular y la masa muscular esqueletica en 37 pacientes con cancer de pulmon y neoplasias del aparato digestivo superior que incluian cortes en la TC de planificacion a nivel de C3 y L3. La presarcopenia se identifico de acuerdo con los puntos de corte establecidos actualmente: ≤ 41 cm2/m2 para mujeres, ≤ 43 cm2/m2 en hombres con un IMC ≤ 25 kg/m2 y ≤ 53 cm2/m2 en hombres …
Impact of a 4-Week Intensified Endurance Training Intervention on Markers of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) and Performance Among Well-T…
2020
Cyclists often apply block periodization to high training volumes in meso- and macrocycles to optimize training adaptation and to prepare for competition. Body mass influences performance in many sports, including endurance disciplines, and conditions related to the syndrome Relative Energy Deficiency in Sports (RED-S) such as metabolic adaptations and premature osteoporosis have also been reported in male cyclists. This study aimed to determine how a 4-week mesocycle of intensified endurance training designed to increase performance, would affect markers of RED-S in well-trained male cyclists. Twenty-two participants (age: 33.5 ± 6.6 years, height: 181.4 ± 5.2 cm, weight: 76.5 ± 7.4 kg, pe…
Chromogranin Serves as Novel Biomarker of Endocrine and Gastric Autoimmunity
2020
Abstract Context The glycoprotein chromogranin A (CgA) is expressed by endocrine and neuroendocrine cells. High levels of serum CgA serve as markers of neuroendocrine tumors (NET), but its role in autoimmunity has not been assessed. Objective To investigate CgA utility as a marker of endocrine autoimmunity. Methods CgA serum levels were evaluated in 807 consecutive unselected participants (cross-sectional study) with the time-resolved amplified cryptate emission technology. Results Serum CgA concentrations were increased in 66%, 39%, 38%, and 24% of patients with NET, type 1 diabetes (T1D), autoimmune gastritis (AG) and autoimmune polyendocrinopathy (AP), respectively. Compared with healthy…
Stimulatory TSH-Receptor Antibodies and Oxidative Stress in Graves Disease
2018
CONTEXT: We hypothesized that TSH-receptor (TSHR) stimulating antibodies (TSAbs) are involved in oxidative stress mechanisms in patients with Graves disease (GD). METHODS: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, isoform 2 (NOX2); oxidative parameters; and oxidative burst were measured in serum, urine, and whole blood from patients with GD and control subjects. Superoxide production was investigated in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells stably overexpressing the TSHR. Lipid peroxidation was determined by immunodot-blot analysis for protein-bound 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) in human primary thyrocytes and HEK-293–TSHR cells. RESULTS: Serum NOX2 levels were markedly higher in …