Search results for " enhancement."

showing 10 items of 513 documents

Digital Tomosynthesis: A New Technique for Imaging Nephrolithiasis. Specific Organ Doses and Effective Doses Compared With Renal Stone Protocol Nonco…

2014

Objective To determine organ-specific doses (ODs) and effective dose (ED) for digital tomosynthesis (DT) and compare it with our institutional renal stone protocol noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT). Methods A validated anthropomorphic male phantom was placed supine on a digital GE Definium 8000 radiological scanner. Thermoluminescent dosimeters were placed in 256 locations and used to measure OD. A routine DT study was performed consisting of 2 scout images and 1 tomographic sweep in a 14.2-degree arc over the phantom. Software is used to recreate a series of coronal images from the sweep. ODs were determined as the sum of the doses for the study. Equivalent doses were calculated by mu…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyRenal stoneSupine positionDosimetermedicine.diagnostic_testPhantoms Imagingbusiness.industryUrologyComputed tomographyNephrolithiasisRadiation DosageEffective dose (radiation)Imaging phantomTomosynthesisRadiographic Image EnhancementmedicineHumansTomographyRadiologyTomography X-Ray ComputedNuclear medicinebusinessUrology
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Differentiation between acute and chronic myocardial infarction by means of texture analysis of late gadolinium enhancement and cine cardiac magnetic…

2017

[EN] The purpose of this study was to differentiate acute from chronic myocardial infarction using machine learning techniques and texture features extracted from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The study group comprised 22 cases with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 22 cases with chronic myocardial infarction (CMI). Cine and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) MRI were analyzed independently to differentiate AMI from CMI. A total of 279 texture features were extracted from predefined regions of interest (ROIs): the infarcted area on LGE MRI, and the entire myocardium on cine MRI. Classification performance was evaluated by a nested cross-validation approach combining a feature…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtySupport Vector MachineMyocardial InfarctionContrast MediaMagnetic Resonance Imaging CineInfarctionGadolinium030204 cardiovascular system & hematologySensitivity and Specificity030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingDiagnosis DifferentialTECNOLOGIA ELECTRONICA03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePolynomial kernelCardiac magnetic resonance imagingmedicineHumansLate gadolinium enhancementRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMyocardial infarctioncardiovascular diseasesCardiac MRIChronic myocardial infarctionReceiver operating characteristicmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMyocardiumReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSupport vector machineClassification Myocardial infarctionROC CurveTexture analysisArea Under CurveAcute DiseaseChronic Diseasecardiovascular systemFemaleRadiologyNuclear medicinebusinessAlgorithmsMagnetic Resonance Angiography
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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance-derived intramyocardial hemorrhage after STEMI: Influence on long-term prognosis, adverse left ventricular remodeli…

2011

T2 weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can detect intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH) after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The long-term prognostic value of IMH beyond a comprehensive CMR assessment with late enhancement (LE) imaging including microvascular obstruction (MVO) is unclear. The value of CMR-derived IMH for predicting major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and adverse cardiac remodeling after STEMI and its relationship with MVO was analyzed.CMR including LE and T2 sequences was performed in 304 patients 1 week after STEMI. Adverse remodeling was defined as dilated left ventricular end-systolic volume indexes (dLVESV) at 6 months CMR.During a median follow-up …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsMyocardial InfarctionMagnetic Resonance Imaging CineHemorrhageInternal medicinemedicineHumansProspective Studiescardiovascular diseasesMyocardial infarctionVentricular remodelingAgedLate enhancementEjection fractionVentricular Remodelingmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMagnetic resonance imagingMiddle AgedPrognosismedicine.diseaseCoronary VesselsHeart failureMicrovesselscardiovascular systemCardiologyFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessReperfusion injuryMaceFollow-Up StudiesInternational Journal of Cardiology
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Improving pediatric radiation dose management using Agfa digital radiography DICOM header information

2007

Dose reduction in pediatric explorations is especially important because of children radiation sensitivity. According to this, with the aim of saving radiation exposure in future clinical practice, we have developed a technique to control delivered dose in pediatric radiographic exams. To that, a computer science program has been developed to calculate entrance skin dose (ESD) provided by AGFA radiology digital system, using the "lgM" parameter exported from Dicom files. ESD values are compared with dose limits established in regulations to detect if children are being exposed to excessive amounts of radiation during their explorations.

Malemedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryRadiographyRadiation DosageRadiographic Image EnhancementRadiation exposureDICOMEntrance skin doseChild PreschoolHeaderHumansMedicineDosimetryFemaleDose reductionMedical physicsChildbusinessNuclear medicineSoftwareDigital radiography2007 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
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Human Oxidation-Specific Antibodies Reduce Foam Cell Formation and Atherosclerosis Progression

2011

ObjectivesWe sought to assess the in vivo importance of scavenger receptor (SR)–mediated uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) in atherogenesis and to test the efficacy of human antibody IK17-Fab or IK17 single-chain Fv fragment (IK17-scFv), which lacks immunologic properties of intact antibodies other than the ability to inhibit uptake of OxLDL by macrophages, to inhibit atherosclerosis.BackgroundThe unregulated uptake of OxLDL by macrophage SR contributes to foam cell formation, but the importance of this pathway in vivo is uncertain.MethodsCholesterol-fed low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLR−/−) mice were treated with intraperitoneal infusion of human IK17-Fab (2.…

MaleoxidationGenetic enhancementGreen Fluorescent Proteins030204 cardiovascular system & hematologymedicine.disease_causeArticleAdenoviridaeMice03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineIn vivoAnimalsHumansantibodiesMedicineScavenger receptorReceptorImmunoglobulin Fragments030304 developmental biologyFoam cellHomeodomain ProteinsMice Knockout0303 health sciencesbiologybusiness.industryMacrophagesscavenger receptorsgene therapyRecombinant Proteins3. Good healthLipoproteins LDLMice Inbred C57BLAdenoviridaeReceptors LDLImmunologyDisease ProgressionCancer researchbiology.proteinlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)atherosclerosisAntibodyCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessFoam CellsLipoproteinJournal of the American College of Cardiology
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Physical activity, aerobic fitness, and brain white matter : Their role for executive functions in adolescence

2020

Highlights • Aerobic fitness level, but not physical activity, is related to white matter properties in the brain. • The relation between physical activity and working memory is moderated by fractional anisotropy (FA) of the corpus callosum. • The FA of the corpus callosum and superior corona radiata moderates the relation between aerobic fitness and working memory.

Malephysical activitySpatial memoryDevelopmental psychologyExecutive functionsExecutive Function0302 clinical medicinenuoretCOGNITIVE CONTROLDWI diffusion-weighted imagingFitnessdiffuusiotensorikuvaus315 Sport and fitness sciencesPLASTICITYFA fractional anisotropyChildOriginal ResearchTBSS Tract-Based Spatial Statisticslcsh:QP351-495White matterCognitionExecutive functionsdiffusion tensor imagingexecutive functionsmurrosikäRD radial diffusivityINTEGRITYfitnessfyysinen kuntomedicine.anatomical_structureDiffusion tensor imagingFemalePsychologyaivotRVP rapid visual information processingwhite matterNeurovetenskaperAD axial diffusivityfractional anisotropyfyysinen aktiivisuusMulti-stage fitness testendocrine systemtoiminnanohjaus (psykologia)AdolescentDISTORTION CORRECTIONMVPA moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activityPhysical activityTFCE threshold-free cluster enhancementWhite matter03 medical and health sciencesWORKING-MEMORY030225 pediatricsmedicineAerobic exerciseHumansExerciseAgedOBJECTIVE MEASURESMD mean diffusivityWorking memoryPhysical activityNeurosciencesPUBERTAL CHANGESvalkea aineCORPUS-CALLOSUMlcsh:Neurophysiology and neuropsychologySWM patial working memoryVOLUMEMICROSTRUCTURECANTAB Cambridge Neuropsychological Automated Test BatteryMRI magnetic resonance imaging030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFractional anisotropy
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Toward Prevention of Doping in Youth Sport: Cross-Sectional Analysis of Correlates of Doping Tendency in Swimming.

2019

Doping is recognized as one of the most important problems in sports, but a limited number of studies have investigated doping problems in youth athletes. This study aimed to evaluate doping tendency (potential doping behavior (PDB)) and correlates of PDB in youth age swimmers. The participants were 241 competitive swimmers (131 females

MalepubertyknowledgeYounger ageAdolescentCross-sectional studyHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisSloveniainformation scienceSports nutritionCoachingArticle03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsAchievement Knowledge Performance enhancement PubertyHumansnatural sciences030212 general & internal medicineRisk factorSwimmingMultinomial logistic regressionDoping in SportsSettore M-EDF/02 - Metodi E Didattiche Delle Attivita' SportiveDescriptive statisticsbiologyAthletesbusiness.industryYouth SportsachievementPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Health030229 sport sciencesbiology.organism_classificationperformance enhancementCross-Sectional StudiesAdolescent BehaviorAthletesFemalePsychologybusinesshuman activitiesachievement ; knowledge ; performance enhancement ; pubertyDemography
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Baculovirus-mediated periadventitial gene transfer to rabbit carotid artery

2000

Recombinant Autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis viruses (AcMNPV) have recently been shown to transduce mammalian cells in vitro. Since baculoviruses offer many advantages over viruses currently used in gene therapy, we have tested them for in vivo gene transfer by constructing a baculovirus bearing a nuclear targeted beta-galactosidase marker gene (LacZ) under a CMV promoter. Both rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells (RAASMC) and human ECV-304 cells were susceptible to LacZ-baculovirus transduction. Transgene expression was evaluated in vivo by applying 1 x 10(9) p.f.u. of LacZ-baculoviruses or LacZ-adenoviruses in a silastic collar placed around rabbit carotid arteries in the…

MalevirusesGenetic enhancementTransgeneGenetic VectorsGene ExpressionBiologyTransfectionMarker geneMuscle Smooth VascularIn vivoGene expressionGeneticsAnimalsHumansMolecular BiologyReporter geneReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGenetic transferGenetic TherapyTransfectionbeta-GalactosidaseMolecular biologyCarotid ArteriesMolecular MedicineRabbitsBaculoviridaeGene Therapy
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Evidence of Two Resonant Structures in e+e−→π+π−hc

2017

The cross sections of e(+)e(-) -> pi(+) pi(-) hc at center-of-mass energies from 3.896 to 4.600 GeVare measured using data samples collected with the BESIII detector operating at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider. The cross sections are found to be of the same order of magnitude as those of e(+)e(-) -> pi(+) pi(-) J/psi and e(+)e(-) -> pi(+) pi(-) psi (2S), but the line shape is inconsistent with the Y states observed in the latter two modes. Two structures are observed in the e(+)e(-) -> pi(+) pi(-) hc cross sections around 4.22 and 4.39 GeV/c(2), which we call Y(4220)and Y(4390), respectively. A fit with a coherent sum of two Breit-Wigner functions results in a mass of (4218.4(- 4.5)…

Mass enhancementPhysicsPositron010308 nuclear & particles physicsElectron–positron annihilation0103 physical sciencesAnalytical chemistryPiGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronAtomic physics010306 general physics01 natural sciencesPhysical Review Letters
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Reexamining Different Factors of the Resonance-Enhanced High-Order Harmonic Generation in Atomic and Nanoparticle Laser-Induced Tin Plasmas

2021

We reexamine the resonance enhancement of a single harmonic emission during the propagation of ultrafast pulses through atomic and nanoparticle tin-containing laser-induced plasma (LIP). We compare the single atomic Sn and Sn nanoparticle plasmas to demonstrate a distinction in the enhancement factor of the single harmonic in the case of fixed and tunable near-infrared pulses. The analysis of the dynamics of Sn LIP shows the range of optimal delays between heating and driving pulses (130–180 ns), at which the maximal harmonic yield can be achieved. The enhancements of the 17th and 18th harmonics of 806 nm pulses were analyzed in the case of single-color and two-color pumps of LIP, showing u…

Materials science01 natural scienceslcsh:TechnologyIonlaw.invention010309 opticslcsh:Chemistryresonance enhancement of harmonicslaw0103 physical sciencesHigh harmonic generationGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsInstrumentationlcsh:QH301-705.5Fluid Flow and Transfer Processeshigh-order harmonic generationlcsh:TProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral EngineeringResonancetin plasmaPlasmaLaserlcsh:QC1-999Computer Science Applicationslcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999lcsh:TA1-2040HarmonicsHarmonicnanoparticlesAtomic physicslcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)Ultrashort pulselcsh:PhysicsApplied Sciences
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