Search results for " equality"
showing 10 items of 210 documents
Un adieu au macho espagnol ibérique? Une analyse de la masculinité en Espagne. Échanges avec des experts
2019
The traditional model of masculinity in Spain (the so-called Spanish Macho) is heir to a long tradition of understanding how masculinity is framed as an omnipotent model assuming that “a man has license to do whatever he wants”. This idealized behavioral pattern is slowly changing in Spain, as it accompanies the transformations in Spanish society. Certain public policies have provided momentum for a change in the way that the issue of gender in general and gender violence in particular are approached. A study carried out under the auspices of the University of Valencia between 2013 and 2015 interviewed experts and activists from an association of men seeking equality with women in an attemp…
Psychology of Gender
2013
Throughout the history of philosophy authors have used claims about women’s deficient psychological capacities in order to justify their inferior position in society. Likewise, male and female defenders of women have most often based their arguments on claims about psychological equality, if not similarity, between the sexes. This chapter traces the major developments and shifts in philosophical discussions about gendered aspects of the soul from Antiquity until the Enlightenment.
Breast cancer screening programmes: Challenging the coexistence with opportunistic mammography.
2014
Abstract Objective This study investigated predictive factors of women's participation in organized mammography screening (OrgMS) and/or opportunistic mammography screening (OppMS) when the two screening modes coexist. Methods Questionnaires were sent to 6,000 women aged 51–74 years old invited to attend an OrgMS session between 2010 and 2011 in France. Data collected concerned the women's healthcare behaviour and their socioeconomic characteristics. Women without a personal or family history of breast cancer that could explain their participation in OppMS were retained in the generalized logits analysis. Results The data of 1,202 women were analysed. Of these, 555 (46.2%) had attended OrgM…
Descriptive study on subjective experience of genetic testing with respect to relationship, family planning and psychosocial wellbeing among women wi…
2021
AbstractBackgroundDue to increased risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer, women belonging to known Lynch Syndrome (LS) families are recommended to undergo germline testing. Current practice in Finland is to offer counselling to women with pathogenic variant and advocate risk-reducing surgery (RRS) after completion of childbirth. The present study aimed to clarify the impacts of positive germline testing on family planning and reproductive decisions of these women, which are relatively unknown.MethodsSeventy-nine carriers of germline MMR gene pathogenic variant (path_MMR)were identified from the Finnish LS Registry as having genetic testing performed before the age of 45 years and not havin…
Zasada pozytywnej dyskryminacji mniejszości narodowych w ujęciu teoretycznym i praktyce ustrojowej
2018
CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest zbadanie teoretycznych aspektów zasady pozytywnej dyskryminacji, ustrojowych uwarunkowań jej zastosowania w odniesieniu do mniejszości narodowych w Polsce oraz dziedzin, w których może być realizowana. PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Zagadnienie pozytywnej dyskryminacji znajduje się w obrębie zainteresowania przedstawicieli wielu nauk i idealnie wpasowuje się w koncepcję demokracji ujmowanej jako wartości, procedury i w sensie substancjalnym. Nie jest ona przy tym ochroną antydyskryminacyjną, lecz jej wsparciem, promotorem równości formalnej i faktycznej. W Polsce, choć odsetek mniejszości narodowych jest nikły, pozytywna dyskryminacja ma rangę zasady w Konstytuc…
Les bizutages dans le monde ouvrier en France à l’époque contemporaine
2013
Dans le monde ouvrier, des pratiques informelles de bizutage se reperent, accomplies par des hommes comme par des femmes sur les jeunes jusque vers les annees 1970 environ, pour accompagner leur entree dans les usines. Elles fonctionnent a la fois comme rites de passage, manifestations brutales de domination voire de violence, et blague dont il convient de rire. Mais, parce qu’elles revetent une dimension sexuelle manifeste, elles participent de l’identification des masculinites ouvrieres a la virilite.
Shape optimization in contact problems based on penalization of the state inequality
1986
The paper deals with the approximation of optimal shape of elastic bodies, unilaterally supported by a rigid, frictionless foundation. Original state inequality, describing the behaviour of such a body is replaced by a family of penalized state problems. The relation between optimal shapes for the original state inequality and those for penalized state equations is established. peerReviewed
Women Scientists Who Made Nuclear Astrophysics
2019
Female role models reduce the impact on women of stereotype threat, i.e. of being at risk of conforming to a negative stereotype about one’s social, gender, or racial group (Fine in Delusion of Gender. W.W. Norton & Co. NY, p. 36, 2010 [1]; Steele and Aronson in J Pers Soc Psychol 69:797–811, 1995 [2]). This can lead women scientists to underperform or to leave their scientific career because of negative stereotypes such as, not being as talented or as interested in science as men. Sadly, history rarely provides role models for women scientists; instead, it often renders these women invisible (CafeBabel Homepage [3]). In response to this situation, we present a selection of twelve outst…
Struggles for moral value and the reproduction of gendered and racialised hierarchies in online discussions of violence
2019
The article examines online discussions in Finland that focus on violence committed by Finnish women, on one hand, and non-white migrant men, on the other. Drawing on the perspective of sociology of value, the article illustrates how these discussions function as sites of struggles over moral worth in a contemporary context characterised by crises of both male and white hegemony. The authors suggest that, through the discussions, these current crises are projected on migrant men and certain groups of women, who thereby become construed as morally reprehensible. The analysis sheds light on processes of (re-)legitimating the moral virtue historically attached to both masculinity and whitenes…
Finnish welfare service system from the standpoint of women in vulnerable life situations
2020
In this chapter, the authors analyse how the Finnish welfare service system, as it consists of different institutions and professionals, meets or fails to meet the needs of women in varying vulnerable life situations. The participants are women with severe substance abuse problems, women sentenced for committing a crime and poor lone mothers living on basic social benefits. The findings show that women’s experiences of encounters with welfare professionals as well as their access to and use of the services share a number of characteristics. They described several barriers and problems related to the complexity of the service system. These included receiving only limited support for basic ne…