Search results for " eros."

Gully Erosion Susceptibility Mapping Using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines—Replications and Sample Size Scenarios

2019

Soil erosion is a serious problem affecting numerous countries, especially, gully erosion. In the current research, GIS techniques and MARS (Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines) algorithm were considered to evaluate gully erosion susceptibility mapping among others. The study was conducted in a specific section of the Gorganroud Watershed in Golestan Province (Northern Iran), covering 2142.64 km2 which is intensely influenced by gully erosion. First, Google Earth images, field surveys, and national reports were used to provide a gully-hedcut evaluation map consisting of 307 gully-hedcut points. Eighteen gully erosion conditioning factors including significant geoenvironmental and morph…

Impact of very low crop residues cover on wind erosion in the Sahel

2011

International audience; In the Sahel, with average annual precipitation in the order of 500 mm yr− 1, wind erosion occurs mainly on cultivated millet fields whose surfaces are only partially covered by crop residues. The impact of these residues on wind erosion was not clearly established. The objective of this study is thus to quantify the actual amount of crop residues in traditional Sahelian fields and to determine their impacts on wind erosion by reference to a bare surface throughout the seasonal cycle over several years. At the beginning of the year during dry season, Sahelian farmers use to "clean" their fields, i.e. cut and lay flat on the soil surface any millet stalks still standi…

Relations between cavitation erosion resistance of materials and their fatigue strength under random loading

1999

Abstract The paper contains results of tests on fatigue strength under uniaxial random loading and cavitation erosion resistance for three steels: 10HNAP, 18G2A and 15G2ANb. The obtained fatigue and cavitation characteristics were used for determination of relations between these two phenomena. From the analysis it appears that there is correlation between fatigue strength of the material under random loading and its cavitation erosion resistance. It has been shown that fatigue tests under random loading and tests on cavitation erosion of 10HNAP, 18G2A and 15G2ANb steels may be described with a mathematical model of the same type. It has been also found that there is a linear relation, in t…

El contacte entre la Ribera del Xúquer i els raiguers de les Muntanyes de Carcaixent

1985

Cuando el río Xúquer llega a la Ribera, deja el encajamiento montañoso y forma un cono aluvial que ent ra en contacto con los piedemontes originados por los relieves emergidos en las cercanías de la llanura de inundación, apareciendo unas zonas deprimidas en el punto de contacto de las dos formaciones por los perfiles opuestos que presentan. Además, el contacto no es estable debido a la diferente velocidad de crecimiento en altura, y en consecuencia los depósitos fluviales conquistan poco a poco las tierras de piedemonte y por lo tanto, la zona deprimida se aleja cada vez más del río. En segundo lugar, los núcleos de población, que hace muchos años estaban al margen de las inundaciones por …

Soil erosion rates in Burgundian vineyards.

2006

Burgundian vineyards are affected by erosion phenomena that induce sediment transfer along hillslopes. The vineyard under study has occupied the western Bressan rift border for 1000 years, benefiting from marly limestone bedrock and its silt-sand covering. The combined effects of rainstorms and monoculture on slopes reaching 25°, induce a high level of erosion in the arable soil layer. Quantification of erosion rates on a pluri-decennial scale, using vine roots'as a palaeo-surface marker, has been performed on three parcels on three sites along the Côtes-de-Nuits and Côtes-de-Beaune. Assessed erosion rates of around 1 mm.yr-1 characterise current erosive dynamics involving a critical situat…

Straw mulch as a sustainable solution to decrease runoff and erosion in glyphosate-treated clementine plantations in Eastern Spain. An assessment usi…

2019

[EN] In many Mediterranean areas, citrus orchards exhibit high soil loss rates because of the expansion of drip irrigation that allows cultivation on sloping terrain and the widespread use of glyphosate. To mitigate these non-sustainable soil losses, straw mulch could be applied as an efficient solution but this has been poorly studied. Therefore, the main goal of this paper was to assess the use of straw mulch as a tool to reduce soil losses in clementine plantations, which can be considered representative of a typical Mediterranean citrus orchard. A total of 40 rainfall simulation experiments were carried out on 20 pairs of neighbouring bare and mulched plots. Each experiment involved app…

Relationships between societies and their environment in the Sahel in southwestern Niger over the past four thousand years : a geoarchaeological appr…

2013

The Sahel, a zone between the Sahara Desert and the Sudan forests, is currently experiencing major environmental changes. Since the droughts in 1970s and 1980s, and with the high population growth rate, vegetation cover has deteriorated considerably, contributing to increased runoff and soil erosion. Starting from this observation, we undertook the study of past societies in the Niamey region, to assess their impact on the environment. The lack of archaeological data meant that it was necessary to identify key indicators of occupation during the Neolithic and the Iron Age. In addition to providing new evidence to date the Neolithic site of Kirkissoy, a sedimentary study was conducted on a p…

Assessment of Coastal Vulnerability in South Sicily

2006

Home Oral Care Domiciliary Protocol for the Management of Dental Erosion in Rugby Players: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2022

People performing regular physical activity are at high risk of dental erosion especially in cases of high sport drinks intake. Biomimetic hydroxyapatite-based oral hygiene products, like toothpastes and mouthwashes, have been investigated in recent years for their remineralizing activity on the teeth. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of two different oral hygiene protocols, respectively consisting of the combination of a hydroxyapatite-based toothpaste plus mouthwash (Trial group) or toothpaste alone (Control Group). At baseline (T0), as well as at 15 days (T1), 30 days (T2) and 90 days (T3), the following clinical indexes were assessed: Basic Erosive Wear Examinat…

A Methodological Approach to Determine Sound Response Modalities to Coastal Erosion Processes in Mediterranean Andalusia (Spain)

2020

Human occupation along coastal areas has been greatly increasing in recent decades and, in many places, human activities and infrastructures are threatened by erosion processes that can produce relevant economic and human losses. In order to reduce such impacts and design sound management strategies, which can range from the &ldquo