Search results for " errors"
showing 10 items of 254 documents
Light distortion of soft multifocal contact lenses with different pupil size and shape
2020
Purpose: To study the light distortion effects of soft multifocal contact lenses and the influence of different pupil size and shape.Methods: A total of 14 eyes of 7 healthy contact lens users (mean age 28.6 +/- 8.5 years) were recruited. The "Light Disturbance Analyser" device was employed for light characterization. The selected lenses were the monthly disposable "Biofinity multifocal" (CooperVision, CA, USA), both centre-distance and centre-near designs (addition power + 2.50 D). Two circular pupils of 3 mm and 5 mm of diameter, and an elliptical shape (3 horizontal and 5 vertical mm) were used. Metrics such as the light distortion index (LDI), best-fit circle radius and its irregularity…
Missing Cases of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Infection of the Central Nervous System When the Reller Criteria Are Applied for HSV PCR Testing: a Multi…
2019
ABSTRACT Previous studies suggested that herpes simplex virus (HSV) PCR testing can be safely deferred in patients with normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white blood cell (WBC) counts and protein levels as long as they are older than 2 years of age and are not immunocompromised, the so-called Reller criteria. In this multicenter study, we retrospectively assessed the validity of these screening criteria in our setting. A total of 4,404 CSF specimens submitted for HSV PCR testing to the respective microbiology laboratories at the participating hospitals between 2012 and 2018 were included. Six commercially available HSV PCR assays were used across the participating centers. Ninety-one of the …
Error in Intensive Care
2014
Objective To identify the psychological repercussions of an error on professionals in intensive care and to understand their evolution. To identify the psychological defense mechanisms used by professionals to cope with error. Design Qualitative study with clinical interviews. We transcribed recordings and analysed the data using an interpretative phenomenological analysis. Setting Two ICUs in the teaching hospitals of Besancon and Dijon (France). Subjects Fourteen professionals in intensive care (20 physicians and 20 nurses). Interventions None. Measurements and main results We conducted 40 individual semistructured interviews. The participants were invited to speak about the experience of…
Poor patient awareness and frequent misdiagnosis of migraine: findings from a large transcontinental cohort.
2019
Background and purpose Although migraine is the second most disabling condition worldwide, there is poor awareness of it. The objective was to assess the awareness of migraine and previous diagnostic and therapeutic consultations and treatments in a large international population of migraineurs. Methods This was a multicentre study conducted in 12 headache centres in seven countries. Each centre recruited up to 100 patients referred for a first visit and diagnosed with migraine. Subjects were given a structured clinical questionnaire-based interview about the perceptions of the type of headache they suffered from, its cause, previous diagnoses, investigations and treatments. Results In all,…
The role of novelty detection in food memory
2010
International audience; Memory plays a central role in food choice. Recent studies focusing on food memory in everyday eating and drinking behaviour used a paradigm based on incidental learning of target foods and unexpected memory testing, demanding recognition of the target among distractors, which deviate slightly from the target. Results question the traditional view of memory as reactivation of previous experiences. Comparison of data from several experiments shows that in incidentally learned memory, distractors are rejected, while original targets are not recognised better than by chance guessing. Food memory is tuned at detecting novelty and change, rather than at recognising a prev…
Nine Loci for Ocular Axial Length Identified through Genome-wide Association Studies, Including Shared Loci with Refractive Error
2013
Refractive errors are common eye disorders of public health importance worldwide. Ocular axial length (AL) is the major determinant of refraction and thus of myopia and hyperopia. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for AL, combining 12,531 Europeans and 8,216 Asians. We identified eight genome-wide significant loci for AL (RSPO1, C3orf26, LAMA2, GJD2, ZNRF3, CD55, MIP, and ALPPL2) and confirmed one previously reported AL locus (ZC3H11B). Of the nine loci, five (LAMA2, GJD2, CD55, ALPPL2, and ZC3H11B) were associated with refraction in 18 independent cohorts (n = 23,591). Differential gene expression was observed for these loci in minus-lens-induced myopia mouse …
An alternative clinical routine for subjective refraction based on power vectors with trial frames.
2016
PURPOSE Subjective refraction determines the final point of refractive error assessment in most clinical environments and its foundations have remained unchanged for decades. The purpose of this paper is to compare the results obtained when monocular subjective refraction is assessed in trial frames by a new clinical procedure based on a pure power vector interpretation with conventional clinical refraction procedures. METHODS An alternative clinical routine is described that uses power vector interpretation with implementation in trial frames. Refractive error is determined in terms of: (i) the spherical equivalent (M component), and (ii) a pair of Jackson Crossed Cylinder lenses oriented …
Peripapillary Choroidal Thickness and Choroidal Area in Glaucoma, Ocular Hypertension and Healthy Subjects by SD-OCT.
2015
Background: The exact pathogenesis of open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension remains unclear. Hemodynamic influences are discussed as potential risk factors and the choroid may play an important role in the pathogenesis of open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. The current study investigates peripapillary choroidal thickness and choroidal area in patients with open angle glaucoma, subjects with ocular hypertension and healthy subjects using spectral-domain OCT. It furthermore assesses the association between peripapillary choroidal thickness and age, central corneal thickness, refractive error and intraocular pressure. Patients and Methods: Prospectively recorded data of 213 eyes …
Postoperative astigmatism and rotational stability after Artisan toric phakic intraocular lens implantation
2003
Abstract Purpose To evaluate deviations in the axis (intended versus achieved) and postoperative astigmatism after implantation of an Artisan toric phakic intraocular lens (IOL). Setting University Eye Hospital, Mainz, Germany. Methods This prospective study comprised 29 eyes with high ametropia and astigmatism. All eyes had uneventful implantation of a toric phakic IOL through a superior scleral tunnel incision at 12 o’clock. After a minimum of 6 months, the uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best correct visual acuity, refraction, and astigmatism were analyzed in all eyes. A multivariate analysis of postoperative astigmatism was performed. Results After a follow-up of at least 6 months, 95…
Effects of Emotional Context on Memory for Details: The Role of Attention
2013
It was repeatedly demonstrated that a negative emotional context enhances memory for central details while impairing memory for peripheral information. This trade-off effect is assumed to result from attentional processes: a negative context seems to narrow attention to central information at the expense of more peripheral details, thus causing the differential effects in memory. However, this explanation has rarely been tested and previous findings were partly inconclusive. For the present experiment 13 negative and 13 neutral naturalistic, thematically driven picture stories were constructed to test the trade-off effect in an ecologically more valid setting as compared to previous studies…