Search results for " ethics and religion"
showing 10 items of 258 documents
What is an indirect speech act?
2019
Abstract The notion of an indirect speech act is at the very heart of cognitive pragmatics, yet, after nearly 50 years of orthodox (Searlean) speech act theory, it remains largely unclear how this notion can be explicated in a proper way. In recent years, two debates about indirect speech acts have stood out. First, a debate about the Searlean idea that indirect speech acts constitute a simultaneous realization of a secondary and a primary act. Second, a debate about the reasons for the use of indirect speech acts, in particular about whether this reason is to be seen in strategic advantages and/or observation of politeness demands. In these debates, the original pragmatic conception of sen…
Divanes, gurús y trastornos mentales. El origen y los peligros de la pseudopsicología clínica
2017
Pseudoscience is alarmingly present in the context of clinical psychology and is also very dangerous. As a set of pseudoscientific ideas, clinical pseudopsychology has a peculiar characteristic: it has established an entire tradition parallel to psychology, with numerous branches and interrelated theoretical and practical developments. In this paper we will review that tradition, from pseudoscientific hypnosis to psychoanalysis, and from New Age to present-day neuropseudoscience. We will then review some of the dangers of pseudoscience related to mental disorders.
Ética bancaria y banca ética. Dos realidades distintas y posibles
2019
El sector financiero, y en particular la banca, es especialmente sensible a la aplicación de la ética empresarial. Por una parte, porque su papel como sector estratégico de la economía es clave y determinante, y por otra, porque durante los últimos años, y en especial desde la crisis financiera del 2008, ha sido protagonista de numerosos casos de escándalos y malas prácticas. La adopción de comportamientos éticos es fundamental en el funcionamiento de los bancos, pues estas organizaciones manejan un activo muy sensible que es propiedad de sus clientes, como es el dinero. Tanto es así, que no solo se habla de la ética bancaria, sino incluso de la existencia de bancos éticos; dos aspectos que…
The Effects of Financial Crisis on the Organizational Reputation of Banks: An Empirical Analysis of Newspaper Articles
2018
The recent financial crisis has triggered an intense debate about the role of banks in society, presumably changing the criteria used in the evaluation of organizations. Against this backdrop, we investigate the changing role of banks’ organizational features in shaping different dimensions of banks’ organizational reputation. Using the media as an important evaluator, we measure the reputational dimension of visibility based on the frequency of newspaper articles and the reputational dimension of favorability based on the sentiment of newspaper articles. Drawing on social judgment research for developing our hypotheses, we expect that organizational features such as financial performance …
Videogames and Inclusive Education project in Palermo Secondary School
2017
Attempting to support videogames for education and learning purposes has prompted considerable attention over the last years. The great variety of digital games available has provided much for educators and researchers to explore, resulting in intense disputes that many games have benefits both in and out of the classroom for learners of secondary school. Many games have been revealed as strong educational tools for their design as well as their effective implementation in the classroom. Thus far, research on the impact and outcomes of this pedagogy is somewhat limited, but promising. Further projects and evaluations are required to provide the support needed in order to encourage more teac…
L’intervention psychologique à domicile : une pratique de funambule auprès de patients atteints de pathologie somatique grave et de leur famille
2016
Resume Ce travail ouvre une reflexion sur une forme de pratique du psychologue peu repandue qu’est la visite a domicile. Le psychologue doit pouvoir se deloger des reperes lies a la pratique de l’entretien clinique classique. A partir de rencontres a domicile avec un patient atteint d’une pathologie somatique grave et sa famille, nous proposons d’interroger la specificite de ce lieu et en quoi, il peut biaiser la creation d’un espace de pensee. Le delicat exercice pour le psychologue, tel un funambule, consisterait a instaurer une permanence du cadre dans un cadre mouvant qu’est l’espace de vie d’un autre. Ce theâtre du domicile favoriserait chez le patient un recours a l’agir prenant la fo…
On some difficulties of putting in dialogue animal rights with anthropological debates: a historical view in three episodes
2018
In this paper, I try to identify the reasons why the dialogue between sociocultural anthropology and animal rights theories and movements continues to be difficult and scarce. At first sight this weakness of communication is surprising, if one looks at the amount of anthropological studies on human/animal relationships, in most cases pointing to how animals are considered in many cultures as non- human subjects or persons. For understanding the roots of this state of affairs, I compare the ways anthropologists and animal rights theorists and activists have engaged with the issue of the differences and commonalities between human beings and nonhuman animals. For this aim, I contrast the sear…
Empiricism and Relationism Intertwined: Hume and Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity
2016
Einstein acknowledged that his reading of Hume influenced the development of his special theory of relativity. In this article, I juxtapose Hume’s philosophy with Einstein’s philosophical analysis related to his special relativity. I argue that there are two common points to be found in their writings, namely an empiricist theory of ideas and concepts, and a relationist ontology regarding space and time. The main thesis of this article is that these two points are intertwined in Hume and Einstein.
Four Potential Meanings of Double Negation
2016
The figurative use of double negations (not uninteresting, not unhappy) has been described by linguists and rhetoricians with regards to the rhetorical figure litotes. Both mitigation and strengthening have been proposed as aims of litotes (Horn, 1989; Krifka, 2007; van der Wouden, 1996). An analysis of the construction nicht un-adjective (not un-adj.) on the basis of German corpora leads to a coherent system of pragmatic functions for this sort of double negations. The construction can function as denial, potential presumption denial, mitigation or understatement. Nevertheless, litotes exemplifies the “indeterminate nature of figurative meaning” as suggested by Colston/Gibbs (2012: 259) in…
Aspects of a theory of bullshit
2016
This paper addresses the question whetherbullshitis a reasonable pragmatic category. In the first part of the paper, drawing on the insights of Harry Frankfurt’s seminal essay, bullshit is defined as an act of insincere asserting where the speaker shows (a) a loose concern for the truth, and (b) does not want the addressee to become aware of condition (a). The author adds to this definition the condition (c) requiring that the bullshitter expresses morecertaintythan is adequate with respect to condition (a). In the second part of the paper, it is discussed whether the above definition can cope with special types of bullshit considered to be a challenge to Frankfurt’s definition. These areev…