Search results for " evaluation."

showing 10 items of 1351 documents

Evaluating the incidence of pathological complete response in current international rectal cancer practice: the barriers to widespread safe deferral …

2018

INTRODUCTION: The mainstay of management for locally advanced rectal cancer is chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical resection. Following chemoradiotherapy, a complete response may be detected clinically and radiologically (cCR) prior to surgery or pathologically after surgery (pCR). We aim to report the overall complete pathological response (pCR) rate and the reliability of detecting a cCR by conventional pre-operative imaging.METHODS: A pre-planned analysis of the European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP) 2017 audit was performed. Patients treated by elective rectal resection were included. A pCR was defined as a ypT0 N0 EMVI negative primary tumour; a partial response represented any r…

MaleColorectal cancerdeferral of surgery; neoadjuvant therapy; pathology; radiology; rectal cancer; Rectal surgery; surgical oncology; Gastroenterology0302 clinical medicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyComplete responseMedical Auditintegumentary systemIncidence (epidemiology)IncidenceRemission InductionGastroenterologyMiddle AgedMagnetic Resonance ImagingPeer reviewEuropeTreatment Outcomedeferral of surgeryResponse Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPreoperative Period030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemaleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyRectal surgeryNO03 medical and health sciencessurgical oncologymedicineHumansneoadjuvant therapyIntensive care medicineDeferralrectal cancerPathologicalResponse Evaluation Criteria in Solid TumorsAgedNeoplasm Stagingta3126business.industryRectal NeoplasmsReproducibility of ResultsChemoradiotherapy Adjuvantmedicine.diseaseradiologyRectal Neoplasms/diagnostic imagingpathologyNeoplasm Staging/methodsbusiness
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Coping with competitive situations in humans

2005

The analysis of effects of competitive situations in our species may contribute to acquiring deeper knowledge about the effects of social stress and its relationship with different pathologies. The latest studies indicate that the neuroendocrine response to competition depends more on subjective factors related to the cognitive evaluation of the situation than on the outcome itself. Findings suggest that when subjects cope with a competition, they assess it in such a way that it activates a psychobiological coping response. The pattern of this response may correspond to a predominant active or passive coping strategy, the choice ultimately depending on factors such as the importance of the …

MaleCompetitive BehaviorCoping (psychology)HydrocortisoneCognitive Neurosciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectPassive copingModels BiologicalDevelopmental psychologyBehavioral NeuroscienceCognitionSex FactorsReference ValuesAdaptation PsychologicalHumansPersonalityTestosteronemedia_commonCognitive evaluation theorySocial stressSympathetic activityNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyFemalePsychologySocial psychologyStress PsychologicalSocial statusNeuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
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The effect of two physiotherapy approaches on physical and cognitive functions and independent coping at home in stroke rehabilitation. A preliminary…

2007

Activating physiotherapy was used to support the principle of post stroke functional recovery as a learning process which requires both cognitive and physical actions. The purpose of the present preliminary study was to examine the influence of activating physiotherapy on stroke patients' cognitive and physical functions and independent living at home compared with traditional treatment over a 12-month follow-up.The 40 patients who received activating physiotherapy were compared with 40 patients receiving traditional therapy. Patients' physical functional capacity was measured one week and 12 months post stroke with the Barthel Index (BI), 10-m gait speed, the Postural Control and Balance f…

MaleCoping (psychology)medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentNeuropsychological TestsDisability EvaluationCognitionPhysical medicine and rehabilitationResidence CharacteristicsAdaptation PsychologicalmedicineHumansFinlandPhysical Therapy ModalitiesAgedAged 80 and overRehabilitationRehabilitationStroke RehabilitationFollow up studiesNeuropsychologyCognitionRecovery of FunctionMiddle AgedFunctional recoveryStrokePhysical therapyFemalePsychologyCognitive loadIndependent livingFollow-Up StudiesDisability and Rehabilitation
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Spinopelvic changes based on the simplified SRS-Schwab adult spinal deformity classification: relationships with disability and health-related qualit…

2018

Study design Cross-sectional, observational study. Objective To study the occurrence of sagittal malalignment, the adaptability of a simplified sagittal modifiers grading of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-Schwab adult spinal deformity (ASD) classification, and the deformity-specific SRS questionnaire version 30 (SRS-30) in an unselected adult cohort with symptomatic degenerative spinal disorders. Summary of background data The sagittal modifiers of the SRS-Schwab ASD classification correlate with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measures in patients with ASD. The deformities and disabilities caused by sagittal malalignment in patients with common degenerative spinal disorders of…

MaleCross-sectional studypelvic tiltelämänlaatuODICohort StudiesDisability Evaluation0302 clinical medicineQuality of lifeSurveys and QuestionnairesOrthopedics and Sports Medicinetoimintarajoitteet030222 orthopedicssagittal alignmentpelvic incidenceta3141Middle AgedOswestry Disability IndexHRQOLdegenerative spinal disordermedicine.anatomical_structureScoliosisCohortsagittal vertical axisFemaleSpinal Diseasesmedicine.symptomCohort studyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyT1 Pelvic AngleScoliosis03 medical and health sciencesselkäsairaudetparasitic diseasesmedicineDeformityHumansSRS-30Agedbusiness.industrySRS-Schwab classificationadult spinal deformitylumbar lordosismedicine.diseaseSagittal planeCross-Sectional Studiessagittal modifierQuality of LifePhysical therapyNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Deep Learning Estimation of 10-2 and 24-2 Visual Field Metrics Based on Thickness Maps from Macula OCT.

2021

Purpose To develop deep learning (DL) systems estimating visual function from macula-centered spectral-domain (SD) OCT images. Design Evaluation of a diagnostic technology. Participants A total of 2408 10-2 visual field (VF) SD OCT pairs and 2999 24-2 VF SD OCT pairs collected from 645 healthy and glaucoma subjects (1222 eyes). Methods Deep learning models were trained on thickness maps from Spectralis macula SD OCT to estimate 10-2 and 24-2 VF mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD). Individual and combined DL models were trained using thickness data from 6 layers (retinal nerve fiber layer [RNFL], ganglion cell layer [GCL], inner plexiform layer [IPL], ganglion cell-IPL […

MaleDesign evaluationGlaucoma03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePattern standard deviationDeep LearningLinear regressionDiagnostic technologyMedicineHumansMacula LuteaIntraocular Pressure030304 developmental biologyAged0303 health sciencesbusiness.industryOutcome measuresGlaucomaMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalVisual fieldOphthalmologyBenchmarkingCross-Sectional Studies030221 ophthalmology & optometryFemaleVisual FieldsbusinessNuclear medicineTomography Optical CoherenceFollow-Up StudiesOphthalmology
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Search for Stroke-Protecting Agents in Endothelin-1-Induced Ischemic Stroke Model in Rats

2012

Background and Objective. Ischemic stroke may initiate a reperfusion injury leading to brain damage cascades where inflammatory mechanisms play a major role. Therefore, the necessity for the novel stroke-protecting agents whose the mechanism of action is focused on their anti-inflammatory potency is still on the agenda for drug designers. Our previous studies demonstrated that cerebrocrast (a 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative) and mildronate (a representative of the aza-butyrobetaine class) possessed considerable anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in different in vitro and in vivo model systems. The present study investigated their stroke-protecting ability in an endothelin-1 (ET…

MaleDihydropyridinesDrug Evaluation PreclinicalInfarctionBrain damagePharmacologyNeuroprotectionIn vivomedicineAnimalsRats WistarStrokeEndothelin-1business.industryGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseRatsStrokeDisease Models AnimalNeuroprotective AgentsMechanism of actionendothelin-1; ischemic stroke; neurodegeneration; protection; cerebrocrast; mildronateDrug Therapy Combinationmedicine.symptombusinessReperfusion injuryEx vivoMethylhydrazinesMedicina; Volume 48; Issue 10; Pages: 77
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Phospholipid breakdown and choline release under hypoxic conditions: inhibition by bilobalide, a constituent of Ginkgo biloba

1997

A marked increase of choline release from rat hippocampal slices was observed when the slices were superfused with oxygen-free buffer, indicating hypoxia-induced hydrolysis of choline-containing phospholipids. This increase of choline release was suppressed by bilobalide, an ingredient of Ginkgo biloba, but not by a mixture of ginkgolides. The EC50 value for bilobalide was 0.38 microM. In ex vivo experiments, bilobalide also inhibited hypoxia-induced choline release when given p.o. in doses of 2-20 mg/kg 1 h prior to slice preparation. The half-maximum effect was observed with 6 mg/kg bilobalide. A similar effect was noted after p.o. administration of 200 mg/kg EGb 761, a ginkgo extract con…

MaleDrug Evaluation PreclinicalCyclopentanesPharmacologyHippocampusCholinechemistry.chemical_compoundSlice preparationBilobalideAnimalsCholineRats WistarGinkgolidesFuransHypoxia BrainMolecular BiologyPhospholipidsEC50biologyPlant ExtractsGinkgo bilobaGeneral NeuroscienceGinkgobiology.organism_classificationRatsPlant LeavesGinkgolidesLogistic ModelschemistryBiochemistryNeurology (clinical)DiterpenesEx vivoDevelopmental BiologyBrain Research
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Nonconventional Doses of Somatostatin Analogs in Patients With Progressing Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumor

2020

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the antiproliferative activity and safety of nonconventional high doses of somatostatin analogs (HD-SSA) in patients with well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumors (NET) with radiological disease progression according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria on a previous treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis of prospectively maintained databases from 13 Italian NET-dedicated centers was performed. Main inclusion criteria were: well-differentiated G1 or G2 GEP-NET, progressive disease on a previous treatment, and subsequent treatment with HD-SSA (either by increased administered dose [dose intensity] or…

MaleEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismClinical BiochemistryOctreotideNeuroendocrine tumorsLanreotideBiochemistryGastroenterologychemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyhigh dose80 and overMedicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyhigh dose; lanreotide; NET; nonconventional doses; octreotide; somatostatin analogs; Adult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hormones; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Neuroendocrine Tumors; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Somatostatin; Cell DifferentiationAged 80 and overLiver NeoplasmsCell DifferentiationMiddle Agednonconventional dosePrognosissomatostatin analogsNeuroendocrine TumorsResponse Evaluation Criteria in Solid TumorsFemalelanreotideSomatostatinmedicine.drugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyhigh dose; lanreotide; NET; nonconventional doses; octreotide; somatostatin analogsInternal medicinenonconventional dosesHumansAdverse effectAgedRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryBiochemistry (medical)medicine.diseaseHormonesClinical trialNETEndocrinologychemistrybusinessProgressive diseaseoctreotideFollow-Up Studies
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Endothelium- and nitric oxide-dependent vasorelaxing activities of gamma-butyrobetaine esters: possible link to the antiischemic activities of mildro…

2004

Mildronate [3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazine) propionate (THP)] is an antiischemic drug acting mainly via inhibition of fatty acid beta-oxidation. Some effects of the drug cannot be explained by the latter mechanism. We tested the eventual nitric oxide (NO) dependence of the mildronate action. Mildronate, gamma-butyrobetaine (GBB) and GBB methyl ester induced transient increases in nitric oxide (NO) concentrations in rat blood and myocardium. In vitro, these compounds neither modified the activities of purified neuronal and endothelial recombinant nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) nor were able to interact with their active site. GBB induced vasodilatation at high concentrations only (EC50 = 5 x 10(…

MaleEndotheliumNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIStereochemistryDrug Evaluation PreclinicalMyocardial IschemiaVasodilationAorta ThoracicNitric OxideMuscle Smooth VascularNitric oxidechemistry.chemical_compoundCarnitinemedicineAnimalsEndotheliumRats WistarPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyActive siteFatty acidDrug SynergismRatsNitric oxide synthaseBetaineVasodilationDrug Combinationsmedicine.anatomical_structureEnzymeNG-Nitroarginine Methyl Esterchemistrybiology.proteinPropionateNitric Oxide SynthaseDitiocarbMethylhydrazinesEuropean journal of pharmacology
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Association of STarT Back Tool and the short form of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire with multidimensional risk factors.

2020

AbstractThe Short form of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (ÖMPSQ-short) and the STarT Back Tool (SBT) have been developed to screen for risk factors for future low back pain (LBP) -related disability and work loss respectively. The aim of this study was to investigate the accordance of the two questionnaires and to evaluate the accumulation of risk factors in the risk groups of both screening tools in a large population-based sample. The study population consisted of 3079 participants of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 who had reported LBP over the previous 12 months and had SBT and ÖMPSQ-short data. We evaluated the association of depressive and anxiety sympt…

MaleEpidemiologylcsh:MedicineAlcohol abuseGeneralized Anxiety Disorder 7AnxietyBody Mass IndexDisability Evaluation0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsRA0421Surveys and QuestionnairesMedicine030212 general & internal medicinelcsh:ScienceDepression (differential diagnoses)Pain MeasurementMultidisciplinaryDepressionhuman behaviourSmokingriskitekijätMiddle AgedLow back painAnxietyPopulation studyEducational StatusepidemiologyFemalemedicine.symptomtyökyvyttömyysAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyMEDLINEArticle03 medical and health sciencesselkäsairaudetHuman behaviourHumansLife StylePsychiatric Status Rating Scalesbusiness.industrylcsh:Rmedicine.diseasePhysical therapykrooninen kipulcsh:QbusinessBody mass indexLow Back PainRA030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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