Search results for " expectancy"
showing 10 items of 187 documents
Cultural adaptation of the Smiling is Fun program for the treatment of depression in the Ecuadorian public health care system: A study protocol for a…
2021
Background Depression is one of the world's major health problems. Due to its high prevalence, it constitutes the first cause of disability among the Americas, where only a very low percentage of the population receives the adequate evidence-based psychological treatment. Internet-Based Interventions (IBIs) are a great alternative to reduce the treatment gap for mental disorders. Although there are several studies in low-and middle-income countries proving IBIs' feasibility and acceptability, there is still little evidence of the effectiveness in diverse social and cultural contexts such as Latin America. Methods Two studies will be described: Study 1 is focused on the cultural adaptation o…
Survival and infectivity of Hypoderaeum conoideum and Euparyphium albuferensis cercariae under laboratory conditions.
1999
The survival characteristics of the cercariae of Hypoderaeumconoideum and Euparyphiumalbuferensis (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) at 20°C and 30°C are described, and the age dependency of their infectivity at 20°C is studied to determine their respective transmission efficiencies. Cercarial survival was found to be age-dependent and was higher at 20°C. For both cercariae, the maximum life-span was 26 h at 20°C and 16 h at 30°C, and their respective times to 50% mortality were similar at each temperature. Both cercariae seem to be well adapted to transmission in their natural habitat, though cercarial infectivity of H. conoideum was higher than that of E. albuferensis, this being correlated wi…
The effect of cancer treatment on female fertility and strategies for preserving fertility.
2006
Aggressive chemotherapy and radiotherapy in young patients with cancer has greatly enhanced the life expectancy of these patients, but these treatments often cause infertility because of the massive destruction of the ovarian reserve resulting in premature ovarian failure (POF). This review focuses on the effect of cancer treatments on fertility and on the various surgical and assisted-reproduction innovations that are available to provide the patient with the option of future pregnancies. As the emerging discipline of fertility preservation is steadily attracting increasing interest, developments in the near future promise to be very exciting. However, in everyday routine work, better inte…
Reproduction beyond cancer: A message of hope for young women
2006
Abstract Objective. Aggressive chemotherapy and radiotherapy or radical oncological surgery in young women with cancer has greatly enhanced these patients' life expectancy, but these treatments often cause infertility or premature ovarian failure due to a massive destruction of the ovarian reserve. The objective of this review is to discuss the effect of the various cancer treatments on fertility and present the various fertility sparing operations and fertility preservation strategies. Method. An extensive survey of the most up-to-date literature was performed. Results. This review discusses the impact of current cancer treatment on fertility potential and the various surgical and assisted…
Inflammation and Life-Span
2005
In their Review “Inflammatory exposure and historical changes in human life-spans” (17 Sept., p. [1736][1]), C. E. Finch and E. M. Crimmins reinforce earlier suggestions that many diseases and disabilities of older age have their roots in previous exposures to infectious agents and other sources
Channels through Which Human Capital Inequality Influences Economic Growth
2011
This paper empirically investigates the theoretical predictions of some of the channels through which human capital inequality may discourage investment and growth. In a cross section of countries over the period 1960–2000, findings reveal that, all other things being equal, a greater degree of human capital inequality increases fertility rates and reduces life expectancy, which in turn hampers the accumulation rates of human capital. This effect is reinforced in the countries where individuals find it difficult to access credit. Extensive sensitivity analyses show that the results are robust across specifications and are not driven by atypical observations, endogenous regressors, or unobse…
Private Pension Funds
2021
The sociodemographic situation in CEE, characterized by the reduction of birth rate and increased share of elderly, draws attention to national social protection systems and in particular to public pension systems. The direct link between the labor market and public pension systems, based on the principle of social solidarity between generations, runs the risk of diminishing budgetary resources obtained from social contributions, while spending on benefits will increase, due to a higher number of beneficiaries, as well as due to the increase in life expectancy, which will determine that the period for which the benefits will be provided will be longer.
β-Thalassemia heterozygote state detrimentally affects health expectation.
2018
Background: Thalassemia minor (Tm) individuals, are generally considered healthy. However, the prognosis of Tm individuals has not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognosis of Tm versus controls without β-thalassemia carrier state. Methods: A total of 26,006 individuals seeking thalassemia screening at the AOOR Villa Sofia-V. Cervello, Palermo (Italy) were retrospectively studied. Logistic penalised regression model was used to estimate risk of potential complications and survival techniques were used to study mortality. Results: We identified a total of 4943 Tm and 21,063 controls. Tm was associated with significantly higher risks of hospitalisation for …
Loss of life expectancy from air pollution compared to other risk factors: a worldwide perspective
2020
Abstract Aims Long-term exposure of humans to air pollution enhances the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. A novel Global Exposure Mortality Model (GEMM) has been derived from many cohort studies, providing much-improved coverage of the exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5). We applied the GEMM to assess excess mortality attributable to ambient air pollution on a global scale and compare to other risk factors. Methods and results We used a data-informed atmospheric model to calculate worldwide exposure to PM2.5 and ozone pollution, which was combined with the GEMM to estimate disease-specific excess mortality and loss of life expectancy (LLE) in 2015. Using this model, …
Accelerated Aging and Age-Related Diseases (CVD and Neurological) due to Air Pollution and Traffic Noise Exposure
2021
The World Health Organization estimates that only approximately 25% of diversity in longevity is explained by genetic factors, while the other 75% is largely determined by interactions with the physical and social environments. Indeed, aging is a multifactorial process that is influenced by a range of environmental, sociodemographic, and biopsychosocial factors, all of which might act in concert to determine the process of aging. The global average life expectancy increased fundamentally over the past century, toward an aging population, correlating with the development and onset of age-related diseases, mainly from cardiovascular and neurological nature. Therefore, the identification of de…