Search results for " finance"
showing 10 items of 2924 documents
Définir la ville
1996
The city can hardly be grasped by a simple definition. Most of the available definitions are statistical or descriptive and they fail to represent the complex, multidimensional and changing nature of the urban phenomenon. The definition proposed in this paper is related to economic theory of city formation and is based on the agglomeration process and the diversity of agents and activities.
From free health care to pricing in subsaharian Africa : rise and fall of the project "health for all"
1997
The idea o f the "health for all", that consists in insure to each the free access to health care and the equality on treating, has been found enough rapidly taken in defect by the catastrophic economic situation of countries of Africa to the South o f the Sahara. Faced with the impossibility to promote a free health policy for all, local governments and international organisations, such the WHO and the UNICEF, have proposed to make pay users for cares that they receive and to decentralize management of public health system so as to create the favorable environment to a market of health. This reform of health system in Subsaharan Africa, called the Bamako Initiative, is going to tempt to so…
The individual determinants unemployment duration
1997
Si, aujourd'hui, les études sur les comportements des demandeurs d'emploi sur le marché du travail sont de plus en plus importantes, la modélisation de ces comportements comporte encore un bon nombre d'interrogations. Parmi celles-ci figure le problème du biais d'échantillonnage présent dans laplupart des données françaises sur les durées de chômage. Dans un précédent travail, nous avons montré l'importance et les conséquences de l'oubli du biais d'échantillonnage sur les probabilités conditionnelles de sortie du chômage. Dans le travail présenté ici et réalisé à partir de l'enquête « suivides chômeurs », notre intérêt porte sur les conséquences de l'oubli de ce biais sur les déterminants i…
La non stationnarité dans les séries saisonnières. Application au tourisme tunisien
1998
The purpose of the paper is to specify the nature of the seasonal behaviors of tourist stay demand in Tunisia by using recent tools of monthly time series analysis. The available series (tourist expenditures, prices, guest nights, reception capacities,...) are analyzed with the classical theory of demand and the theory of supply induced demand. Empirical results show that these series are generated by non stationary processes which seasonality is stochastic and deterministic. The extent of the maximum likelihood method proposed by Lee (1992) for monthly data emphasizes unit roots and cointegration relationships at some seasonal frequencies. Error correction models are derived for endogenous…
Autonomia Local, Equilibri Pressupostari i Sostenibilitat Financera
2021
En aquest escenari, resulta indefugible i certament pertinent realitzar una avaluació sobre l'impacte que s'ha derivat de les vigents polítiques de control del dèficit i del deute públic sobre el règim de les EELL, en termes de la seua incidència sobre l’autonomia local. Les limitacions i els mecanismes de supervisió -tant formals com materials- que s'han anat reforçant gradualment amb vista a la consolidació d'un major control dels comptes públics locals per part dels organismes estatals particularment -i dels autonòmics, en menor mesura-, transcendeixen a l'abast i al mateix contingut d'un conjunt de principis, instruments i conceptes essencials entre els quals destaquen els d’autonomia l…
The Export Strategy and SMEs Employment Resilience During Slump Periods
2021
Abstract The Spanish economy was the most hit by the Great Recession. It suffered a greater decrease in the gross domestic product (GDP) (affecting especially internal demand). However, it suffered a greater increase in exports (the so-called Spanish “miracle”). Particularly, Spanish SMEs incorporation into exports has been spectacular since 2008. Further, this has coincided with a huge increase in unemployment. Therefore, our main objective is to investigate the moderating role of exports in job destruction associated with recessive contexts of domestic demand using Spanish manufacturing SMEs as a case study. We obtain for SMEs that export participation helps compensate for the decrease in…
Fuzzy economic spaces
1980
Traditional spatial economic analysis is limited to the description of precise spaces. To say that an economic space is precise means: (1) that this space has, or else, has not given constituent characteristics and (2) that the agents located there prefer, or else, do not prefer one possible action to another. Proposition (1) implies that an economic space is perfectly delimited and that it can be clearly partitioned into homogeneous subspaces. Proposition (2) implies that economic agents undertake exact economic calculations and optimize, under rigid constraints of resource limitation, objective functions whose arguments are clearly defined. Thus, traditional spatial economic analysis is b…
Spatial spillovers in France: a study on individual count data at the city level
2007
Our study aims to measure the effects of spatial R&D spillovers on firms' patent production at the city level. We use an original method to estimate the spatial dimension of spillovers using count data. The method, based on a generalized cross entropy approach, allows us to test spatial auto-correlation. The main result is that when there are local spillovers, their impact on knowledge production is different according to the geographical area and the sector.
Spatial Econometrics and Spatial Data Pooled over Time: Towards an Adapted Modelling Approach
2013
International audience
A spatio-temporal measure of spatial dependence: An example using read estate data
2013
International audience