Search results for " formulation"

showing 10 items of 221 documents

Formulations and valid inequalities for the capacitated dispersion problem

2023

This work focuses on the capacitated dispersion problem for which we study several mathematical formulations in different spaces using variables associated with nodes, edges, and costs. The relationships among the presented formulations are investigated by comparing the projections of the feasible sets of the LP relaxations onto the subspace of natural variables. These formulations are then strengthened with families of valid inequalities and variable-fixing procedures. The separation problems associated with the valid inequalities that are exponential in number are shown to be polynomially solvable by reducing them to longest path problems in acyclic graphs. The dual bounds obtained from s…

TechnologyseparationScience & Technologydispersion problemComputer Networks and CommunicationsOperations Research & Management Scienceextended formulationtelescopic sumsUNESCO::CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICASvalid inequalitieslocation scienceHardware and ArchitectureComputer ScienceComputer Science Hardware & Architecturepolyhedral combinatoricsSoftwareInformation Systems
researchProduct

The Mathematicians’ Happy Hunting Ground: Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity

2004

There is hardly any doubt that for physics special relativity theory is of much greater consequence than the general theory. The reverse situation prevails with respect to mathematics: there special relativity theory had comparatively little, general relativity theory very considerable, influence, above all upon the development of a general scheme for differential geometry. —Hermann Weyl, “Relativity as a Stimulus to Mathematical Research,” pp. 536–537.

Theoretical physicsTheory of relativityHistory and Philosophy of ScienceStatic interpretation of timeDoubly special relativityGeneral MathematicsQuantum mechanicsAbsolute time and spaceFour-forceTest theories of special relativityEmission theorySpecial relativity (alternative formulations)MathematicsThe Mathematical Intelligencer
researchProduct

Seeing reality through Einstein's eyes: a teaching proposal for special relativity

2021

The teaching of Special Relativity is still a critical issue not only for students but also for teachers. In this paper, we describe the trial of a learning unit on the Special Relativity topic based on Minkowski's approach through spacetime diagrams, following the results in pedagogical researches in this field. The main innovation of our project consists of a mechanical instrument: it allows to physically and mechanically represent Lorentz’s transformations by hands, exploring the effects of a change of the reference frame. Teachers and students can deal “by eye” with unusual phenomena as the loss of simultaneity, time dilation, length contraction, relativistic addition of velocities and …

Theoretical physicssymbols.namesakespecial relativitySpecial Relativity spacetime didactics of Physics High Schools laboratory of Special Relativity.PhilosophySettore FIS/08 - Didattica E Storia Della FisicasymbolsEinsteinlaboratory of special relativityspacetimedidactics of physicsSpecial relativity (alternative formulations)high schools
researchProduct

Thermoconvective instability and local thermal non-equilibrium in a porous layer with isoflux-isothermal boundary conditions

2014

The effects of lack of local thermal equilibrium between the solid phase and the fluid phase are taken into account for the convective stability analysis of a horizontal porous layer. The layer is bounded by a pair of plane parallel walls which are impermeable and such that the lower wall is subject to a uniform flux heating, while the upper wall is isothermal. The local thermal non-equilibrium is modelled through a two-temperature formulation of the energy exchange between the phases, resulting in a pair of local energy balance equations: one for each phase. Small-amplitude disturbances of the basic rest state are envisaged to test the stability. Then, the standard normal mode procedure is…

Thermal equilibriumConvectionHistoryLOCAL THERMAL NONEQUILIBRIUMEIGENPROBLEM FORMULATIONChemistryThermodynamicsLOCAL THERMAL NON-EQUILIBRIUMMechanicsInstabilityIsothermal processComputer Science ApplicationsEducationPhysics::Fluid DynamicsShooting methodThermal conductivityPOROUS MEDIUMLINEAR STABILITY ANALYSISHeat transferBoundary value problemUNIFORM WALL HEAT FLUXJournal of Physics: Conference Series
researchProduct

Qualità della didattica universitaria e sviluppo della capacità decisionale. Il modello ADVP per garantire i passaggi da L-19 a LM-85bis.

2020

Il presente contributo intende offrire una riflessione sulle competenze attese individuate attraverso la formulazione dei descrittori di Dublino dei CdS in Scienze dell’Educazione (L-19) e Scienze della Formazione Primaria (LM-85bis) istituiti presso l’Ateneo di Palermo e nello stesso tempo proporre un modello per lo sviluppo della maturità professional e necessaria a garantire scelte consapevoli, mature e responsabili. L’analisi condotta ci ha permesso, in una seconda fase di individuare gli obiettivi formativi finali scelti seguendo il modello proposto dalle Linee Guida dell ’Anvur, e di scegliere il modello dell’Activaction du Developpement Vocationnel et Personnel quale strumento per lo…

This paper offers a reflection on the expected competencies identified through the formulation of the Dublin descriptors of the CdS in Education Sciences (L-19) and Primary Education Sciences (LM-85bis) established at the University of Palermo and in the same time to propose a model for the development of professional maturity necessary to ensure informed mature and responsible choices. The analysis carried out allowed us in a second phase to identify the final training objectives chosen following the model proposed by the ANVUR Guidelines and to select the model of the Activaction du Developpement Vocationnel et Personnel for developing decision-making capacity that allows a conscious and responsible passage of students from course L-19 to course LM-85bis safeguarding the specific professional skills that young people wishing to dedicate themselves to teaching in primary and kindergarten must acquire.Settore M-PED/03 - Didattica E Pedagogia Speciale
researchProduct

Finite element method for a nonlocal Timoshenko beam model

2014

A finite element method is presented for a nonlocal Timoshenko beam model recently proposed by the authors. The model relies on the key idea that nonlocal effects consist of long-range volume forces and moments exchanged by non-adjacent beam segments, which contribute to the equilibrium of a beam segment along with the classical local stress resultants. The long-range volume forces/moments are linearly depending on the product of the volumes of the interacting beam segments, and their relative motion measured in terms of the pure beam deformation modes, through appropriate attenuation functions governing the spatial decay of nonlocal effects. In this paper, the beam model is reformulated wi…

Timoshenko beam theoryFinite element methodApplied MathematicsGeneral EngineeringStiffnessPure deformation modeComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignFinite element methodLong-range interactionClassical mechanicsVariational formulationBending stiffnessStress resultantsNonlocal Timoshenko beammedicineDirect stiffness methodmedicine.symptomAnalysisBeam (structure)Stiffness matrixMathematics
researchProduct

FIA-fluorimetric determination of thiamine.

1990

A flow injection-fluorimetric determination of thiamine is reported. The procedure is based on the oxidation of the analyte with potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) immobilized on an anionic exchange resin; the fluorescence is monitored in aqueous basic solution. Concentrations of the vitamin of 0.1-4 ppm have been determined; the relative standard deviation was 1.8%. The injection rate was 28 samples/h. The influence of other substances and the determination of the drug in a pharmaceutical formulation are also reported.

VitaminAnalyteAqueous solutionChromatographyChemistryPotassiumClinical BiochemistryPharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementPharmaceutical formulationFluorescence spectroscopyAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundBasic solutionDrug DiscoveryThiamineFluorometryIndicators and ReagentsThiamineOxidation-ReductionSpectroscopyResins PlantJournal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
researchProduct

Effect of different dispersing additives on the morphology and the properties of polyethylene-based nanocomposite films

2011

In this work, the use of a polar wax, e.g. amphiphilic Tegomer ® E 525 (TEG) is investigated with the aim of mod- ifying, and possibly improving, the dispersion of an organically modified nanoclay (OMMT), loaded at 5 wt%, in a poly- ethylene matrix (PE) at relatively low loading levels. We have indeed found that the incorporation of low loadings, e.g. 0.5 wt%, of TEG, an amphiphilic block co-polymer, into a PE/OMMT sample results in a substantial improvement of the clay dispersion in the nanocomposite and, consequently, of the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of the films. The achieved results are comparable to those obtained for systems containing traditional dispersing agents su…

WaxMorphology (linguistics)Materials scienceNanocompositePolymers and PlasticsGeneral Chemical EngineeringOrganic ChemistryIntercalation (chemistry)Polyethylenechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryvisual_artAmphiphileMaterials Chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCopolymerPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryComposite materialDispersion (chemistry)mechanical properties dispersing additives polyethylene-based nanocomposite polar wax film formulation
researchProduct

A branch-and-cut algorithm for the Team Orienteering Problem

2017

The Team Orienteering Problem aims at maximizing the total amount of profit collected by a fleet of vehicles while not exceeding a predefined travel time limit on each vehicle. In the last years, several exact methods based on different mathematical formulations were proposed. In this paper, we present a new two-index formulation with a polynomial number of variables and constraints. This compact formulation, reinforced by connectivity constraints, was solved by means of a branch-and-cut algorithm. The total number of instances solved to optimality is 327 of 387 benchmark instances, 26 more than any previous method. Moreover, 24 not previously solved instances were closed to optimality.

branch-and-cut algorithm; Team Orienteering Problem; two-index mathematical formulation; Computer Science Applications1707 Management Science and Operations Research;0209 industrial biotechnologyMathematical optimization021103 operations researchStrategy and Management0211 other engineering and technologiesOrienteering02 engineering and technologyManagement Science and Operations ResearchComputer Science Applicationstwo-index mathematical formulationTravel timeComputer Science Applications1707 Management Science and Operations Research020901 industrial engineering & automationManagement of Technology and InnovationBenchmark (computing)Limit (mathematics)branch-and-cut algorithmTeam Orienteering ProblemBusiness and International ManagementBranch and cutAlgorithmPolynomial numberMathematics
researchProduct

Functional a posteriori error equalities for conforming mixed approximations of elliptic problems

2014

elliptic boundary value problemerror equalitymixed formulationfunctional a posteriori error estimatecombined norm
researchProduct