Search results for " frame"
showing 10 items of 1365 documents
The ATC1 gene encodes a cell wall-linked acid trehalase required for growth on trehalose in Candida albicans.
2004
After screening a Candida albicans genome data base, the product of an open reading frame (IPF 19760/CA2574) with 41% identity to Saccharomyces cerevisiae vacuolar acid trehalase (Ath1p) was identified and named Atc1p. The deduced amino acid sequence shows that Atc1p contains an N-terminal hydrophobic signal peptide and 20 potential sites for N-glycosylation. C. albicans homozygous mutants that lack acid trehalase activity were constructed by gene disruption at the two ATC chromosomal alleles. Analysis of these null mutants shows that Atc1p is localized in the cell wall and is required for growth on trehalose as a carbon source. An Atc1p endowed with acid trehalase activity was obtained by …
A DNA region ofTorulaspora delbrueckii containing theHIS3 gene: sequence, gene order and evolution
2003
We cloned a genomic DNA fragment of the yeast Torulaspora delbrueckii by complementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae his3 mutant strain. DNA sequence analysis revealed that the fragment contained two complete ORFs, which share a high similarity with S. cerevisiae His3p and Mrp51p, respectively. The cloned TdHIS3 gene fully complemented the his3 mutation of S. cerevisiae, confirming that it encodes for the imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydrate of T. delbrueckii. Two additional ORFs, with a high homology to S. cerevisiae PET56 and DED1 genes, were mapped upstream and downstream from TdHIS3 and TdMRP51, respectively. This genetic organization is analogous to that previously found in Saccharo…
A genomic study of the inter-ORF distances in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
2006
The genome of eukaryotic microbes is usually quite compacted. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the best-known examples. Open reading frames (ORFs) occupy about 75% of the total DNA sequence. The existence of other, non-protein coding genes and other genetic elements leaves very little space for gene promoters and terminators. We have performed an in silico study of inter-ORF distances that shows that there is a minimum distance between two adjacent ORFs that depends on the relative orientation between them. Our analyses suggest that different kinds of promoters and terminators exist with regard to their length and ability to overlap each other. The experimental testing of some p…
A General Frame for Building Optimal Multiple SVM Kernels
2012
The aim of this paper is to define a general frame for building optimal multiple SVM kernels. Our scheme follows 5 steps: formal representation of the multiple kernels, structural representation, choice of genetic algorithm, SVM algorithm, and model evaluation. The computation of the optimal parameter values of SVM kernels is performed using an evolutionary method based on the SVM algorithm for evaluation of the quality of chromosomes. After the multiple kernel is found by the genetic algorithm we apply cross validation method for estimating the performance of our predictive model. We implemented and compared many hybrid methods derived from this scheme. Improved co-mutation operators are u…
Two Times Four Integrative Levels of Analysis: A Framework
2001
Walsham (2000) urged Information Systems researchers to truly cover all levels of analysis from the individual to the societal in their research agenda. In this paper, we accept his challenge by proposing a research framework offour integrative levels of analysis: individual, group/activity, organizational, and societal. Each level is divided into two viewpoints: intra (single case) and inter (multiple cases, relational, comparative). In addition, the temporal/historical dimension should be applied on all levels and viewpoints. We argue that although all of the levels and viewpoints of the “2 × 4 + history” framework cannot be thoroughly covered in any single study, researchers should alway…
The Architecture of a Complex System: The Oradea Metropolitan Area in Romania
2017
This chapter approaches the experience of inter-municipal cooperation in the metropolitan area corresponding to one of Romania’s largest cities. It shows that, in a national context not yet ready for the notion of metropolitan authority, making metropolitan cooperation work and achieving palpable results in terms of economies of scale and scope in service delivery require the setting up of a very complex structure. This complexity poses challenges in terms of decision-making and inter-sectoral coordination, while at the same time creates favourable premises for the political accountability of inter-municipal cooperation arrangements. This complexity has also proven to be the seed for volunt…
Atlas of Variations in Medical Practice in Spain: The Spanish National Health Service under scrutiny
2012
Early in the 2000s, a countrywide health services research initiative was launched under the acronym of Atlas VPM: Atlas of Variations in Medical Practice in the Spanish National Health System. This initiative aimed at describing systematic and unwarranted variations in medical practice at geographic level-building upon the seminal experience of the Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care. The paper aims at explaining the Spanish Atlas experience, built upon the pioneer Dartmouth inspiration. A few selected examples will be used along the following sections to illustrate the outlined conceptual framework, the different factors that may affect variation, and some methodological challenges.
Seasonal pattern and amplitude: a logical framework to analyse seasonality in tourism. An application to bed occupancy in Sicilian hotels
2011
Many studies have investigated seasonality in tourism in terms of its causes and impacts, from both theoretical and applied perspectives. However, the definition of seasonality and, most of all, its application and measurement have not received the same degree of attention. In recognizing that seasonality has two main facets – pattern and amplitude – this paper critically examines the main seasonality measures proposed in the tourism literature, classifying them according to their properties and their most appropriate use. The framework then proposed is used to analyse a standard and comparable efficiency measure, such as the bed occupancy rate of Sicilian accommodation establishments, pla…
Security framework for dynamic service-oriented IT systems
2018
The paper proposes a framework for dynamic service-oriented IT systems security. We review the context of service-oriented architecture (SOA), which constitutes a paradigm of dynamic system configuration including security constraints at the system module development stage, supporting with the domain-driven resources, carrying out routine SOA maintenance and implementing XML-compatible parsing technologies in order to improve the system performance. Likewise, we discuss the fundamental differences between security management systems with traditional centralized and monolithic architecture and service-oriented IT systems from the perspective of security-related issues. Web services security …
Estimating the non-market benefits of water quality improvement for a case study in Spain: A contingent valuation approach
2012
Abstract This article addresses an important topic related to the application of the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) in Spanish watersheds. Results on a contingent valuation study, aimed to assess the non-market benefits of water quality improvements in the Guadiana river basin (GRB), are shown. Special attention has been paid to the issue of zero willingness-to-pay (WTP) responses, while addressing the possible presence of self-selection caused by protest responses. The results (i) indicate that sample selection bias is not a problem in our application, (ii) allow us to identify some key determinants of voting behaviour, and (iii) through the use of different econometric models al…