Search results for " function"

showing 10 items of 9395 documents

Synthesis of oxaspiranic compounds through [3 + 2] annulation of cyclopropenones and donor–acceptor cyclopropanes.

2014

The Sc(OTf)3-catalyzed [3 + 2]-annulation reaction between cyclopropenones and donor–acceptor cyclopropanes is described. The process leads directly to the formation of 4-oxaspiro[2.4]hept-1-ene derivatives in good to excellent reaction yields. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the [3 + 2]-annulation pathway is strongly preferred over the possible [3 + 3]-process.

CyclopropanesMesylatesAnnulationMolecular StructureChemistryOrganic ChemistryStereoisomerismCatalysisComputational chemistryDensity functional theorySpiro CompoundsCycloheptanesDonor acceptorScandiumThe Journal of organic chemistry
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Applications of stable V79-derived cell lines expressing rat cytochromes P4501A1, 1A2, and 2B1.

1992

1. Chinese hamster V79-derived cell lines, stably expressing cytochromes P4501A1, 1A2, and 2B1 activities, were constructed by genetic engineering in continuation of our work to establish a battery of V79 derived cell lines designed to study the metabolism of xenobiotics. 2. Cell lines XEM1 and XEM2, expressing cytochrome P4501A1, were capable of the O-dealkylation of 7-ethoxycoumarin and the hydroxylation of benzo[a]pyrene. 3. Cell lines XEMd.MZ and XEMd.NH, expressing P4501A2, were shown to hydroxylate 17 beta-estradiol and 2-aminofluorene. 4. Cell line SD1, expressing cytochrome P4502B1, was able to hydroxylate testosterone stereo- and regio-specifically at the 16 alpha and 16 beta posit…

CytochromeHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesis78-Dihydro-78-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 910-oxideGenetic VectorsDNA RecombinantHamsterHydroxylationToxicologyBiochemistryChinese hamsterlaw.inventionCell LineDihydroxydihydrobenzopyrenesMixed Function OxygenasesHydroxylationchemistry.chemical_compoundCricetulusCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemlawCytochrome P-450 CYP1A2CricetinaeBenzo(a)pyreneAnimalsCloning MolecularCytotoxicityCyclophosphamideBiotransformationPharmacologybiologyCytochrome P450General Medicinebiology.organism_classificationMolecular biologyRatsBiochemistrychemistryCell cultureRecombinant DNAbiology.proteinOxidoreductasesXenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems
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Phosphorylation of rabbit liver cytochrome P-450 LM2 and its effect on monooxygenase activity

1984

The phosphorylation of rabbit liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 LM2 by catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (W. Pyerin et al. (1983) Carcinogenesis 4, 573) has now been studied in detail with purified soluble form of cytochrome P-450 as well as with the purified protein incorporated into model membranes. The apparent Km values for P-450 of the phosphorylation reaction in all experimental systems were in a range of 2-8 microM, while the Vmax values were dependent on the state of P-450. Upon phosphorylation, the reconstituted enzyme activities with benzphetamine (N-demethylation) and 7-ethoxycoumarin (O-deethylation) as substrates were reduced to 30-40% of control.

CytochromeProtein subunitBiophysicsBiochemistryMixed Function OxygenasesCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemmedicineAnimalsPhosphorylationProtein kinase AMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyKinaseCell BiologyMolecular biologyKineticsEnzymechemistryBiochemistryPhenobarbitalMicrosomes Liverbiology.proteinMicrosomePhosphorylationRabbitsBenzphetamineProtein Kinasesmedicine.drugBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
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NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase: Preferential inhibition by ellipticine and other type II compounds having little effect on NADPH-cytochrome c reduc…

1980

Abstract Ellipticine (5,11-dimethyl-[6H]-pyrido[4,3b]carbazole) binds with an affinity greater than most other compounds known to interact with P-450. Control and 3-methylcholanthrene-induced aryl hydrocarbon (benzo[ a ]pyrene) hydroxylase (EC 1.14.14.2) and acetanilide 4-hydroxylase and control and phenobarbital-induced ethylmorphine N -demethylase activities are all markedly inhibited by ellipticine to about the same extent. Ellipticine and other Type II compounds (metyrapone, octylamine-1, pyridine and aniline) preferentially inhibit NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase activity, while affecting NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity very little. Butanol-1, a compound having pure Reverse Type…

CytochromeStereochemistryIn Vitro TechniquesReductaseBiochemistryMixed Function OxygenasesMicechemistry.chemical_compoundAlkaloidsCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemAnimalsEllipticinesBenzopyrenesBinding siteAcetanilideNADPH-Ferrihemoprotein ReductasePharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyCytochrome cDNAElectron acceptorchemistryMicrosomes Liverbiology.proteinMicrosomePyreneBiochemical Pharmacology
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Kinetic experiments on the binding of metyrapone to liver microsomes

1969

Kinetic experiments on the inhibition of oxidative microsomal O- and N-demethylations by metyrapone (2-methyl-1, 2-bis(3-pyridyl)-l-propanone, Su 4885) were carried out using mouse liver microsomes as the enzyme source. The model substrates were p-nitroanisole and N-monomethyl-p-nitroaniline. It was shown that the inhibition is competitive. The K i for metyrapone is 0.42 × 10−4 M and for the reduced metabolite of metyrapone 1.15×10−4 M. Their spectral dissooiation constants as determined from difference spectra have almost the same values. From this it is concluded that the degree of inhibition is correlated to the amount of metyrapone bound to cytochrome P-450. Metyrapone does not seem to …

CytochromeStereochemistryMetaboliteMixed Function OxygenasesNitrophenolsMicechemistry.chemical_compoundNon-competitive inhibitionmedicineAnimalsBinding siteBiotransformationPharmacologyAniline CompoundsBinding SitesMetyraponebiologyChemistryProadifenSubstrate (chemistry)General MedicineMetyraponeReceptor–ligand kineticsKineticsBiochemistryMicrosomes LiverMicrosomebiology.proteinCytochromesmedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedebergs Archiv f�r Pharmakologie
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Subcellular localization of pentachlorophenol 4-monooxygenase in Sphingobium chlorophenolicum ATCC 39723.

2002

Abstract We have studied the subcellular localization of pentachlorophenol 4-monooxygenase (PCP4MO) in Sphingobium chlorophenolicum ATCC 39723 during induction by pentachlorophenol (PCP). Using a monoclonal antibody CL6 specific to the native and recombinant PCP4MO, the enzyme was primarily found soluble as determined by immunoblot and ELISA analyses of cellular fractions. However, the enzyme was observed both in the soluble and membrane-bound forms during induction for 2–4 h, suggesting its translocation out from the cytoplasm. Electron microscopy confirmed that PCP4MO was predominantly present in the cytoplasm at 1 h, whereas at 4 h significant amount was detected also in the membrane and…

CytoplasmBiophysicsBiologyProtein Sorting SignalsBiochemistryMixed Function Oxygenaseschemistry.chemical_compoundBiosynthesisAntibody SpecificityInner membraneMolecular BiologySphingobium chlorophenolicumAlphaproteobacteriachemistry.chemical_classificationAntibodies MonoclonalCell BiologyPeriplasmic spacebiology.organism_classificationSubcellular localizationMolecular biologyImmunohistochemistryPentachlorophenolKineticsEnzymechemistryBiochemistryCytoplasmPeriplasmBiochemical and biophysical research communications
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Cytoglobin is a respiratory protein in connective tissue and neurons, which is up-regulated by hypoxia.

2004

Cytoglobin is a recently discovered vertebrate globin distantly related to myoglobin, and its function is unknown. Here we present the first detailed analysis of the distribution and expression of cytoglobin. Northern and Western blotting experiments show the presence of cytoglobin mRNA and protein in a broad range of tissues. Quantitative PCR demonstrates an up-regulation of cytoglobin mRNA levels in rat heart and liver under hypoxic conditions (22 and 44 h of 9% oxygen). Immunofluorescence studies with three antibodies directed against different epitopes of the protein consistently show cytoglobin in connective tissue fibroblasts as well as in hepatic stellate cells. Cytoglobin is also pr…

CytoplasmRespiratory SystemFluorescent Antibody TechniqueBiochemistryMiceAntibody SpecificityChlorocebus aethiopsRespiratory functionHypoxiaNeuronsMice Inbred BALB CReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionCytoglobinNuclear ProteinsImmunohistochemistryGlobinsRespiratory proteinTracheamedicine.anatomical_structureLiverConnective TissueNeuroglobinRecombinant Fusion ProteinsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsMolecular Sequence DataConnective tissueBiologyTransfectionAntibodiesBone and BonesmedicineAnimalsHumansGlobinAmino Acid SequenceRNA MessengerMolecular BiologyVero CellsCell NucleusMessenger RNAMyocardiumCytoglobinCell BiologyFibroblastsMolecular biologyPeptide FragmentsRatsOxygenLuminescent ProteinsGene Expression RegulationHepatic stellate cellHeLa CellsThe Journal of biological chemistry
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Electron-interacting dark matter: Implications from DAMA/LIBRA-phase2 and prospects for liquid xenon detectors and NaI detectors

2019

We investigate the possibility for the direct detection of low-mass (GeV scale) weakly interacting massive particles (WIMP) dark matter in scintillation experiments. Such WIMPs are typically too light to leave appreciable nuclear recoils but may be detected via their scattering off atomic electrons. In particular, the DAMA Collaboration [R. Bernabei et al., Nucl. Phys. At. Energy 19, 307 (2018)] has recently presented strong evidence of an annual modulation in the scintillation rate observed at energies as low as 1 keV. Despite a strong enhancement in the calculated event rate at low energies, we find that an interpretation in terms of electron-interacting WIMPs cannot be consistent with ex…

DAMA/LIBRACosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)detector: performancePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsDark matterFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementElectron01 natural sciencesWIMP: dark matterNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)XenonWIMP0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsenhancementscintillation counterenergy: lowPhysicsScintillationxenon: liquid010308 nuclear & particles physicsatom: wave functionDAMAmodulationHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenologychemistryelectron: scatteringWeakly interacting massive particles[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]direct detection[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Event (particle physics)Astrophysics and astroparticle physicsAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsPhysical Review
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Monolayer Formation of Molybdenum Carbonyl on Cu(111) Revealed by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Density Functional Theory

2012

International audience; Molybdenum carbonyl Mo(CO)(6) was adsorbed on the Cu(111) surface at 160 K in the monolayer coverage range and studied by scanning tunneling microscopy. A well-ordered monolayer of hexacarbonyl molecules was observed experimentally for the first time. The monolayer has a hexagonal structure compatible with a (root 7 x root 7)R19 superlattice on the copper (111) plane. The arrangement and orientation of the molecules on the surface were determined by density functional theory calculations, including van der Waals interactions. The comparison of adsorption and cohesive energies reveals that the molecule-substrate interaction is stronger than the intermolecular one, whi…

DECOMPOSITIONADSORPTIONSuperlatticeAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyHEXACARBONYL010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslaw.inventionSYNCHROTRON-RADIATIONsymbols.namesakeAdsorptionlawMonolayerPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMO(CO)(6)DEPOSITIONSPECTROSCOPYChemistryIntermolecular forceTIO2(110)PHOTODISSOCIATION021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMO0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyGeneral EnergyMolybdenumsymbolsDensity functional theoryScanning tunneling microscopevan der Waals force0210 nano-technology
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A functional variant of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) moderates impulsive choice in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder boys and sibli…

2011

Item does not contain fulltext BACKGROUND: Impulsive drive for immediate reward (IDIR) and delay aversion are dissociable elements of the preference for immediate over delayed rewards seen in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We hypothesized that IDIR would be associated with dopamine regulating genes and delay aversion would be associated with serotonin-regulating genes. METHODS: Impulsive drive for immediate reward and delay aversion were measured in 459 male children and adolescents (328 ADHD and 131 unaffected siblings) with a laboratory choice task. The sample was genotyped for the 5HTT (SLC6A4) promoter serotonin-transporter-linked polymorphic region polymorphism and a …

DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDERMedizinSocial Sciencesimpulsivity610 Medicine & healthCHILDRENSingle-nucleotide polymorphismGenomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders Functional Neurogenomics [IGMD 3]attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderImpulsivityCOMBINED-TYPE ADHDREACTION-TIME PERFORMANCEDevelopmental psychologyGenomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3]DOPAMINE03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDopaminemedicineAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und JugendaltersAlleleBiological PsychiatrySerotonin transporter030304 developmental biologyDopamine transporterGeneticsMental Health [NCEBP 9]0303 health sciencesDELAY AVERSIONbiologyTRYPTOPHAN DEPLETIONASSOCIATION10058 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatrymedicine.diseasePOLYMORPHISM5-HTTLPR (SLC6A4)5-HTTLPRbiology.proteinCRITERION VALIDITYmedicine.symptomDAT1 (SLC6A3)Psychology2803 Biological PsychiatryFunctional Neurogenomics [DCN 2]030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugBiological Psychiatry
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