Search results for " gas emission"
showing 8 items of 38 documents
The Application of the Life-Cycle Assessment in the Building Sector: An Italian Case Study
2017
The building sector is one of the most relevant in terms of generation of wealth and occupation, but it is also responsible for significant consumption of natural resources and the generation of environmental impacts, mainly greenhouse gas emissions. In order to improve the eco profile of buildings during their life-cycle, the reduction of the use of resources and the minimization of environmental impacts have become, in the last years, some of the main objectives to achieve in the design of sustainable buildings. The application of the life-cycle thinking approach, looking at the whole life cycle of buildings, is of paramount importance for a real decarbonization and reduction of the envir…
Nitrous oxide emissions in a membrane bioreactor treating saline wastewater contaminated by hydrocarbons
2016
The joint effect of wastewater salinity and hydrocarbons on nitrous oxide emission was investigated. The membrane bioreactor pilot plant was operated with two phases: i. biomass acclimation by increasing salinity from 10 gNaCl L−1 to 20 gNaCl L−1 (Phase I); ii. hydrocarbons dosing at 20 mg L−1 with a constant salt concentration of 20 gNaCl L−1 (Phase II). The Phase I revealed a relationship between nitrous oxide emissions and salinity. During the end of the Phase I, the activity of nitrifiers started to recover, indicating a partial acclimatization. During the Phase II, the hydrocarbon shock induced a temporary inhibition of the biomass with the suppression of nitrous oxide emissions. The r…
Management of Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Airport Inventories
2020
Greenhouse gases retain heat in the atmosphere since they absorb most of the Earth's outgoing long wave infrared radiation. The energy trapping alters the radiative balance that, in turn, modifies weather patterns at a global scale, progressively increasing the natural greenhouse effect. Heattrapping ability of some pollutants and primarily the carbon overload in the atmosphere as a result of human activities which have been protracted over a long period of time, has led to climate change and increase in global average temperature. In a long-term perspective, emission abatement from aviation sector has needed wide-ranging strategies. In this view an inventory of greenhouse gases can be a be…
Replacing short-haul flights with land-based transportation modes to reduce greenhouse gas emissions: the case of Finland
2019
Even though air travel often provides the fastest transport option, it also has the highest climate impact. Especially on long-haul trips, an aircraft usually represents the only feasible option. Nevertheless, aircraft are more often used on short-haul routes as well. It is the short-haul flights that produce the highest emissions per passenger. These are also the ones that could be replaced the most easily by land-based transportation modes. This study investigates the greenhouse gas emissions reduction potential of replacing short-haul flights with train, coach and car travel within Finland while also taking into account real travel times from door to door. Our results showed that replaci…
Action-oriented knowledge for sustainable management of organic soils in Finnish agriculture
2023
Agriculture is a contributing force to climate change due to unsustainable changes in land use with the usage of peatlands for food production in Finland. The use of organic soils in food production is a complex and politically driven issue, thus multistakeholder and participatory approaches to policy development, implementation and evaluation are essential. This study is integrating qualitative and quantitative methods in an iterative process to produce action-oriented knowledge for supporting actions to sustainably manage peatlands and reduce the enormous greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural peatlands. This study has engaged inter-disciplinary researchers and transdisciplinary actor…
Energy efficient model for biogas production in farm scale
2011
Energy efficient solutions for six farm biogas production was found by calculating mass and energy balance in different scenarios. Raw materials in biogas production were cow manure and grass silage that were produced in these farms. There were calculated mass and energy balances on average for one year biogas prouduction that consisted of grass silage production, raw material transportation and biogas production in the biogas plant. In addition, direct greenhouse gases from biogas production were estimated. The direct mass and energy flows were calculated. It turned out that one input energy unit can produce 5.0 to 5.5 energy units as heat and electricity. Biogas reactor consumed heat from…
A Low-Cost Smartphone Sensor-Based UV Camera for Volcanic SO2 Emission Measurements
2017
Recently, we reported on the development of low-cost ultraviolet (UV) cameras, based on the modification of sensors designed for the smartphone market. These units are built around modified Raspberry Pi cameras (PiCams; ≈USD 25), and usable system sensitivity was demonstrated in the UVA and UVB spectral regions, of relevance to a number of application areas. Here, we report on the first deployment of PiCam devices in one such field: UV remote sensing of sulphur dioxide emissions from volcanoes; such data provide important insights into magmatic processes and are applied in hazard assessments. In particular, we report on field trials on Mt. Etna, where the utility of these devices in quantif…
GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE GAS MANIFESTATIONS OF GREECE: METHANE AND LIGHT HYDROCARBONS
2017
Το σύνθετο γεωδυναμικό καθεστώς της Ελλάδας πηγάζει από την πολύπλοκη γεωλογική της ιστορία, η οποία χαρακτηρίζεται από έντονη σεισμική δραστηριότητα και ενισχυμένη γεωθερμική βαθμίδα. Αυτή η δραστηριότητα σε συνδυασμό με το ενεργό ηφαιστειακό τόξο, ευνοεί την ύπαρξη πολλών εκπομπών αερίων, με αποτέλεσμα την κατηγοριοποίηση σε CO2-, N2- και CH4-αέρια, ανάλογα με το επικρατών είδος. Η παρούσα εργασία επικεντρώνεται στο μεθάνιο και τους ελαφρούς υδρογονάνθρακες (C2-C6) με σκοπό τον προσδιορισμό της προέλευσή τους. Οι συγκεντρώσεις του CH4 (<2 έως 915,200 μmol/mol) και η ισοτοπική του αναλογία (δ13C -79.8 έως +16.9 ‰, δD -298 έως +264‰) καλύπτουν ένα ευρύ φάσμα τιμών, που υποδεικνύει διαφορ…