Search results for " gases"

showing 10 items of 941 documents

Observation of a narrow inner-shell orbital transition in atomic erbium at 1299 nm

2021

We report on the observation and coherent excitation of atoms on the narrow inner-shell orbital transition, connecting the erbium ground state $[\mathrm{Xe}] 4f^{12} (^3\text{H}_6)6s^{2}$ to the excited state $[\mathrm{Xe}] 4f^{11}(^4\text{I}_{15/2})^05d (^5\text{D}_{3/2}) 6s^{2} (15/2,3/2)^0_7$. This transition corresponds to a wavelength of 1299 nm and is optically closed. We perform high-resolution spectroscopy to extract the $g_J$-factor of the $1299$-nm state and to determine the frequency shift for four bosonic isotopes. We further demonstrate coherent control of the atomic state and extract a lifetime of 178(19) ms which corresponds to a linewidth of 0.9(1) Hz. The experimental findi…

Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)chemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasPhysics - Atomic PhysicsErbium[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Polarizability0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsSpectroscopyPhysicsQuantum Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]3. Good healthWavelengthchemistryCoherent controlQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Excited state[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]Atomic physicsGround stateQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Condensed Matter - Quantum GasesExcitation
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Anisotropic light-shift and magic-polarization of the intercombination line of Dysprosium atoms in a far-detuned dipole trap

2018

We characterize the anisotropic differential ac-Stark shift for the Dy $626$ nm intercombination transition, induced in a far-detuned $1070$ nm optical dipole trap, and observe the existence of a "magic polarization" for which the polarizabilities of the ground and excited states are equal. From our measurements we extract both the scalar and tensorial components of the dynamic dipole polarizability for the excited state, $\alpha_E^\text{s} = 188 (12)\,\alpha_\text{0}$ and $\alpha_E^\text{t} = 34 (12)\,\alpha_\text{0}$, respectively, where $\alpha_\text{0}$ is the atomic unit for the electric polarizability. We also provide a theoretical model allowing us to predict the excited state polari…

Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)chemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesAtomic units010305 fluids & plasmasPhysics - Atomic Physics[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Polarizability0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsAnisotropyDoppler coolingPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]Polarization (waves)3. Good healthDipolechemistryQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Excited stateDysprosium[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]Atomic physicsCondensed Matter - Quantum GasesQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Fermionic superfluidity in optical lattices

2008

BCS-theorykylmäfysiikkaatomitisotoopitkaasutsuperfluidityFFLO phasefermi gasesoptical latticessupranesteetfermikaasutsuprajuoksevuussuprajohteet
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A large-energy-gap oxide topological insulator based on the superconductor BaBiO3

2013

Mixed-valent perovskite oxides based on BaBiO3 (BBO) are, like cuperates, well-known high-Tc superconductors. Recent ab inito calculations have assigned the high-Tc superconductivity to a correlation-enhanced electron--phonon coupling mechanism, stimulating the prediction and synthesis of new superconductor candidates among mixed-valent thallium perovskites. Existing superconductivity has meant that research has mainly focused on hole-doped compounds, leaving electron-doped compounds relatively unexplored. Here we demonstrate through ab inito calculations that BBO emerges as a topological insulator (TI) in the electron-doped region, where the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effect is significant.…

Band gapTopological degeneracyAb initioOxideGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Condensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesTopological orderPhysics::Chemical Physics010306 general physicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsSuperconductivityCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityDopingMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologychemistryTopological insulatorCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technologyNature Physics
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Magmatic gas leakage at Mount Etna (Sicily, Italy): Relationships with the volcano-tectonic structures, the hydrological pattern and the eruptive act…

2004

In this paper we provide a review of chemical and isotopic data gathered over the last three decades on Etna volcano's fluid emissions and we present a synthetic framework of their spatial and temporal relationships with the volcano-tectonic structures, groundwater circulation and eruptive activity. We show that the chemistry, intensity and spatial distribution of gas exhalations are strongly controlled by the main volcano-tectonic fault systems. The emission of mantle-derived magmatic volatiles, supplied by deep to shallow degassing of alkali-hawaiitic basalts, persistently occurs through the central conduits, producing a huge volcanic plume. The magmatic derivation of the hot gases is ver…

Basaltevent.disaster_typegeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryGeochemistryGeophysicsPlumeVolcanic rockVolcanic GasesIgneous rockVolcanoImpact craterPanacheeventGeology
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Volcanic CO2 tracks the incubation period of basaltic paroxysms

2021

Description

BasaltgeographyEarth Environmental Ecological and Space SciencesMultidisciplinarygeography.geographical_feature_categoryGeochemistrySciAdv r-articlesGeologyIncubation periodGeochemistrybasaltic paroxysms CO2 fluxesVolcanovolcanic gasesGeologyResearch Article
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A Derivation of the Vlasov-Stokes System for Aerosol Flows from the Kinetic Theory of Binary Gas Mixtures

2016

In this short paper, we formally derive the thin spray equation for a steady Stokes gas, i.e. the equation consists in a coupling between a kinetic (Vlasov type) equation for the dispersed phase and a (steady) Stokes equation for the gas. Our starting point is a system of Boltzmann equations for a binary gas mixture. The derivation follows the procedure already outlined in [Bernard-Desvillettes-Golse-Ricci, arXiv:1608.00422 [math.AP]] where the evolution of the gas is governed by the Navier-Stokes equation.

Binary numberKinetic energy01 natural sciencesBoltzmann equationPhysics::Fluid Dynamics35Q20 35B25 82C40 76T15 76D07symbols.namesakeMathematics - Analysis of PDEshydrodynamic limitPhase (matter)FOS: Mathematics[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP][PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph]sprays0101 mathematicsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaVlasov-Stokes systemPhysicsNumerical Analysisgas mixture.010102 general mathematicsMSC Primary: 35Q20 35B25; Secondary: 82C40 76T15 76D07.Stokes flowBoltzmann equationAerosol010101 applied mathematicsClassical mechanicsModeling and SimulationBoltzmann constantKinetic theory of gasessymbolsVlasov-Stokes system Boltzmann equation Hydrodynamic limit Aerosols Sprays Gas mixtureaerosolsAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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Research of Complex Forms in Cellular Automata by Evolutionary Algorithms

2004

This paper presents an evolutionary approach for the search for new complex cellular automata. Two evolutionary algorithms are used: the first one discovers rules supporting gliders and periodic patterns, and the second one discovers glider guns in cellular automata. An automaton allowing us to simulate AND and NOT gates is discovered. The results are a step toward the general simulation of Boolean circuits by this automaton and show that the evolutionary approach is a promising technic for searching for cellular automata that support universal computation.

Block cellular automatonTheoryofComputation_COMPUTATIONBYABSTRACTDEVICESComputer sciencebusiness.industryBoolean circuitComputationGrowCut algorithmContinuous automatonTimed automatonNonlinear Sciences::Cellular Automata and Lattice GasesCellular automatonAutomatonMobile automatonStochastic cellular automatonElementary cellular automatonDeterministic automatonContinuous spatial automatonAutomata theoryArtificial intelligencebusinessComputer Science::Formal Languages and Automata TheoryAsynchronous cellular automatonQuantum cellular automaton
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A New Universal Cellular Automaton Discovered by Evolutionary Algorithms

2004

In Twenty Problems in the Theory of Cellular Automata, Stephen Wolfram asks “how common computational universality and undecidability [are] in cellular automata.” This papers provides elements of answer, as it describes how another universal cellular automaton than the Game of Life (Life) was sought and found using evolutionary algorithms. This paper includes a demonstration that consists in showing that the presented R automaton can both implement any logic circuit (logic universality) and a simulation of Life (universality in the Turing sense).

Block cellular automatonTheoryofComputation_COMPUTATIONBYABSTRACTDEVICESTheoretical computer sciencebusiness.industryContinuous automatonNonlinear Sciences::Cellular Automata and Lattice GasesCellular automatonReversible cellular automatonTheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGESStochastic cellular automatonElementary cellular automatonWolfram codeLife-like cellular automatonArtificial intelligencebusinessComputer Science::Formal Languages and Automata TheoryMathematics
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Relativistic coupled cluster calculations of the electronic structure of KrH+, XeH+ and RnH+

2012

Potential energy curves of NgH+ cations (Ng = Kr, Xe, Rn) were obtained by using four-component relativistic CCSD(T) coupled cluster calculations. Dissociation energies, equilibrium bond lengths, electronic properties, such as dipole moments and electric field gradients at the nuclei, and the related spectroscopic parameters of the electronic ground state have been determined. The results obtained for KrH+ and XeH+ are in good agreement with available experimental data, while those for RnH+ have been determined for the first time at this level of theory.

Bond lengthDipoleCoupled clusterChemistryElectric fieldRelativistic effects Coupled cluster Protonated noble gasesElectronic structurePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsGround statePotential energyDissociation (chemistry)Theoretical Chemistry Accounts
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