Search results for " grammar"
showing 10 items of 251 documents
The level of context dependence of engagement markers in Peninsular Spanish and US business websites
2019
This paper examines the impact of Spaniards’ and North-Americans’ level of context dependence (Hall, 1976) on the engagement markers (Hyland & Tse, 2004) used on the presentation page of 100 business websites from the toy sector (50 from Spain and 50 from the US). Following an observational and a quantitative analysis, the findings reveal remarkable statistical differences in the interactional discourse of this digital genre, which may be a valuable source of information for export companies to introduce their products abroad by means of their business websites. In addition, we believe that the business website can be used in the teaching and learning of Spanish and English for professional…
El tratamiento integrado de lenguas en la gramática: una aproximación a la terminología básica en los libros de texto de secundaria
2021
Este artículo analiza la variación terminológica que afecta las denominaciones (variación denominativa), porque en muchas ocasiones los términos constituyen un obstáculo en la construcción de los conceptos. Concretamente, se ha desarrollado un trabajo terminográfico, de recopilación de los términos utilizados para referirse a las diferentes clases de palabras en los libros de texto de las asignaturas de Castellano y Valenciano de primero y segundo de ESO. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la gran incoherencia terminológica de los libros de texto, con un exceso de términos que dificultan el aprendizaje del alumnado, lo que pone de manifiesto la necesidad de llevar a cabo un tratamiento integ…
Possession and volition in the development of modal meanings: a case-study from Sicilian
2019
This article analyses two Sicilian modal constructions involving vuliri 'want' + infinitive and aviri a ‘have to’ + infinitive. They are used to express modal values, both non-epistemic and epistemic, and futurity. Based on Langacker's Cognitive Grammar assumptions, we describe the semantic network associated with each modal, as well as their semantic overlap. In addition, we describe how modal values interact with temporal-aspectual inflection. Our analysis shows that the epistemic values of vuliri are quite peripheral, while aviri a shows a high degree of polysemy, both in the non-epistemic and in the more abstract epistemic domain. The non-epistemic-to-epistemic shifts depend on the cont…
Modal verbs, future and grammaticalization in Old Catalan : a cognitive approach
2015
The process of grammaticalization of Catalan modal verbs deure, haver and tenir involves a semantic change, a rise of new meanings and an increase in their semantic network. On the one hand, deontic modal verbs develop inferential evidential meanings, and, on the other, future meanings (posteriority).This corpus-based study focuses on the rise of future meanings of modal verb deure ('must') (between the 12th and the 16th centuries). We have been able to analyse the process of grammaticalization with absolute reliability thanks to the applied technology of the Corpus of Old Catalan (CICA and CIGCA), in which linguistic variation is quite representative. This study takes a cognitive perspecti…
Predicative Gerunds in Spanish and Catalan
2014
In this article I discuss an instance of microvariation in Catalan, which regards the distribution of predicative gerunds. It is proposed that the differences depend on restrictions on the movement of the verb: the more it is restricted, the less contexts will allow the use of gerunds. A crucial argument for this analysis comes from the comparison with Cinque's (1999) hierarchy of functional heads: in all Catalan varieties gerunds can express the aspectual values which are lower in the hierarchy. Conversely, only the varieties where gerunds are most widespread (Central Catalan) allow them to express also the higher aspectual values. In the last part of the article, I argue that there is an …
Toward a cognitive Discourses Semantics. Theoreticals inputs and empirical corpus-based case study in German.
2021
At the intersection between usage-based construction grammar and frame semantics, a cognitive semantic analysis is to be theorized. The present work proposes to develop for this purpose the Cognitive Discourse Analysis model. Discourse is then understood following Michel Foucault as a conceptual system based on linguistic, social and epistemic knowledge. Its linguistic operationalization is achieved through the contribution of textual linguistics and corpus following Dietrich Busse. The aim of such a methodological construction is to finely examine a corpus of recurrent texts in a cognitive perspective, and thus as close as possible to the linguistic reality, and to be able represent the en…
Motivare (al)la grammatica: valenza e didattica
2020
La disaffezione dei nostri studenti per la grammatica è fatto noto ai più. Al contempo, negli insegnanti è alta la consapevolezza dell'utilità che lo studio della logica che a essa soggiace potrebbe avere per lo studente. I benefici si estenderebbero ben oltre il periodo di studi. Questa distanza, tra ciò che gli studenti prediligono e ciò che a loro effettivamente servirebbe, richiede la ricerca di strumenti atti a invertire la rotta. Il presente contributo ne propone alcuni riguardanti l'insegnamento della sintassi e delle interfacce con morfologia e semantica. Tratto comune a ognuno degli strumenti suggeriti è un metodo concepito per destare la curiosità del discente e stimolare il suo d…
Norma y variación lingüística: paralelismos y divergencias entre el español y el catalán
2013
Este artículo analiza la presencia de la variación lingüística de carácter dialectal en la norma académica o modelo de lengua estándar del español y del catalán. Esta variación se manifiesta a través de la aceptación de alternativas normativas, también conocida como polimorfismo. El estudio se centra en la lengua escrita, concretamente en el nivel ortográfico, en el morfológico y en el sintáctico, y analiza los contenidos de las principales obras académicas de estas dos lenguas. El hecho de tratarse de lenguas con una situación sociolingüística diferente tiene consecuencias en la manera de concebir el posible polimorfismo y también en la forma de aplicarlo, ya que entra en conflicto la defe…
Influenze tra processo ed esiti: alleanza, coesione e cambiamento in un gruppo terapeutico a lungo termine
2012
Questo lavoro esplora, in un gruppo terapeutico con pazienti gravi, due tra le variabili di processo più indagate nelle terapie di gruppo, l’alleanza terapeutica e la coesione, analizzandone le associazioni con gli esiti del trattamento in termini di sintomi e difese. E’ stato esaminato un gruppo a lungo termine, semi-aperto, a cadenza settimanale. L’osservazione si è svolta per un periodo di 18 mesi, per un totale di 50 sedute. Sono stati monitorati 11 soggetti che riportavano diverse diagnosi nell’Asse I e II del DSM IV. TR Gli strumenti di esito usati sono stati l’SCL-90: Symptom Check List; l’ OQ-45: Outcome Question-naire 45.2; e il DSQ: Defense Style Questionnaire. Mentre per rilevare…
Secuencias ponderadoras de identificación con como en textos literarios y periodísticos cubanos (2000-2008)
2013
La presente investigación analiza, a partir de textos cubanos actuales, un tipo de construcciones que proponemos denominar «secuencias ponderadoras de identificación con como». Se explica su funcionamiento en calidad de construcción lingüística peculiar mediante la descripción e interpretación de sus características morfosintácticas y semánticas. By examining current Cuban texts, this study analyzes a type of constructions which are proposed to be denominated 'emphatic sequences of identification with como'. It tries to explain these sequences as a peculiar linguistic construction by means of the description and interpretation of their morphosyntactic and semantic characteristics.