Search results for " hierarchy"
showing 10 items of 158 documents
Empirical measures and Vlasov hierarchies
2013
The present note reviews some aspects of the mean field limit for Vlasov type equations with Lipschitz continuous interaction kernel. We discuss in particular the connection between the approach involving the N-particle empirical measure and the formulation based on the BBGKY hierarchy. This leads to a more direct proof of the quantitative estimates on the propagation of chaos obtained on a more general class of interacting systems in [S.Mischler, C. Mouhot, B. Wennberg, arXiv:1101.4727]. Our main result is a stability estimate on the BBGKY hierarchy uniform in the number of particles, which implies a stability estimate in the sense of the Monge-Kantorovich distance with exponent 1 on the i…
A multi-criteria approach for the group assessment of an academic course: A case study
2015
The present paper aims at proposing a structured methodology to evaluate the results of an academic training course addressed to postgraduate students. The evaluation process intends to identify the efficacy of an education course bymeans of acomparison between the general objectives and the results expected by the students. Since the evaluated aspects by the students, detected by means of questionnaires, are both quantitative and qualitative, the proposed methodology is based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). In order to facilitate the evaluation process, answers have been modelled by means of linguistic variables. In particular, different evaluation scales have been used and each on…
Co-creation in hotel–disable customer interactions
2015
This study employs analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to develop a methodology that allows researchers to select factors for new measures in value co-creation analysis. AHP shows that successful factors for co-creation relate to the sequential stages of the relationship between hotels and disabled customers, which derives from co-creation processes. The resulting model highlights the principal factors affecting value co-creation when hotel/disabled customers interact, have a dialogue, and collaborate with staff to innovate and create new products and services at booking and stay encounters. These interactions may allow hotels to develop a strong foundation of common knowledge on value managem…
Creating Better Human Motivation Theories for Personal Flourishing in Organizations
2017
In order to pursue organizational objectives effectively and to develop skills and virtues that lead to flourishing in the workplace, motivation has to be properly understood and explained. This study contends that the classical and most popular taxonomies describing employee motives and needs have either neglected or minimized the importance of the ethical and spiritual dimensions of motivation, resulting in a model of a person as self-interested, amoral and non-spiritual. This work summarizes, discusses and expands some of the ideas recently published by the author and two other colleagues in the Journal of Business Ethics. There they presented a new categorization of motivations that bri…
The Needs that Individuals and Organizations Seek to Fulfil by Contemporary Employment Agreements: The Case of Latvia
2015
The paper analyses a contemporary employment deal looking for the answers to the question: “What needs do individuals and organizations seek to fulfil by employment in Latvia?” To answer this question the authors have developed the individual-organizational values exchange model based on E. Schein’s organizational culture formation model suggesting that the behaviour of individuals and organizations mirrors the basic values and needs of both actors. The needs are studied applying A. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
Complementary Judgment Matrix Method with Imprecise Information for Multicriteria Decision-Making
2018
The complementary judgment matrix (CJM) method is an MCDA (multicriteria decision aiding) method based on pairwise comparisons. As in AHP, the decision-maker (DM) can specify his/her preferences using pairwise comparisons, both between different criteria and between different alternatives with respect to each criterion. The DM specifies his/her preferences by allocating two nonnegative comparison values so that their sum is 1. We measure and pinpoint possible inconsistency by inconsistency errors. We also compare the consistency of CJM and AHP trough simulation. Because preference judgments are always more or less imprecise or uncertain, we introduce a way to represent the uncertainty throu…
DEA-like Models for the Efficiency Evaluation of Hierarchically Structured Units
2004
Abstract The knowledge of the internal structure of decision making units (DMUs) gives further insights with respect to the “black box” perspective when considering data envelopment analysis models. We present one-level and two-level hierarchical structures of the DMUs under evaluation. Each unit is composed of consecutive stages of parallel subunits all with constant returns to scale. In particular, the maximization of the relative efficiency of a DMU is studied. For the two-stage situation, different degrees of coordination among the subunits of the hierarchical levels are discussed. When some form of coordination has to be guaranteed, we introduce balancing constraints and we compare two…
Observations Regarding Choice Behaviour in Interactive Multiple Criteria Decision-Making Environments: An Experimental Investigation
1989
Many interactive procedures have been developed for solving optimization problems having multiple criteria. In such procedures, an exploration over the feasible or efficient region is conducted for locating the most preferred solution. As Steuer (1986) notes, interactive procedures are characterized by phases of decision-making alternating with phases of computation. Generally a pattern is established that we keep repeating until termination. At each iteration, a solution, or group of solutions, is generated for a decision-maker’s (DM’s) examination. Based on the examination, the DM inputs information to the solution procedure in the form of tradeoffs, pairwise comparisons, aspiration level…
A Compact Representation of Preferences in Multiple Criteria Optimization Problems
2019
A critical step in multiple criteria optimization is setting the preferences for all the criteria under consideration. Several methodologies have been proposed to compute the relative priority of criteria when preference relations can be expressed either by ordinal or by cardinal information. The analytic hierarchy process introduces relative priority levels and cardinal preferences. Lexicographical orders combine both ordinal and cardinal preferences and present the additional difficulty of establishing strict priority levels. To enhance the process of setting preferences, we propose a compact representation that subsumes the most common preference schemes in a single algebraic object. We …
A Hybrid AHP Approach and GIS-Based Methods as Fundamental Tools in the SECAP’s Decision-Making Process
2023
Adapting to climate change and mitigating its impacts are the main challenges for cities today. One objective that the European Commission has set in recent decades is reducing climate change inaction, and several political actions have been implemented. Among these actions, the Covenant of Mayors led to the development and adoption of Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plans (SECAPs) by many cities worldwide. A challenge that local authorities must face during the development of a SECAP is the identification of the policies to be included in the plan. This paper presents a case study to show the validity of using a hybrid analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach and various geographic …