Search results for " high energy physics"

showing 10 items of 8412 documents

Measurement of the top quark pair production cross-section with ATLAS in the single lepton channel

2012

A measurement of the production cross-section for top quark pairs (t[bar over t]) in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV is presented using data recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are selected in the single lepton topology by requiring an electron or muon, large missing transverse momentum and at least three jets. With a data sample of 35 pb[superscript −1], two different multivariate methods, one of which uses b-quark jet identification while the other does not, use kinematic variables to obtain cross-section measurements of σ[subscript t bar over t] = 187 ± 11 (stat.) [+18 over −17] (syst.) ± 6 (lumi.) pb and σ[subscript t bar over t] = 173 ± 17 (stat.) [+18 ove…

high-energy collider experimentcross-sectionTop quarkPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAtlas detectortop physicsHadronHigh-energy collider experimentElectron01 natural sciences7. Clean energySettore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e SubnucleareHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Nuclear ExperimentQCDetectors de radiacióPhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsAtlas (topology)Settore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleATLASTop physicsComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGLHCParticle Physics - ExperimentNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsCross-sectionHigh-energy collider experiment; Cross-section; Top physicsCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicascross-section; high-energy collider experiment; top physics:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesTOP QUARK530Partícules (Física nuclear)Nuclear physics0103 physical sciencesddc:530High Energy Physics010306 general physicsScience & TechnologyPP COLLISIONS010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFísicaPair productionHADRON-HADRON COLLISIONStop physics; high-energy collider experiment; cross-sectionCol·lisions (Física nuclear)Experimental High Energy PhysicsTEVHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentLepton
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Investigation of the p–Σ0 interaction via femtoscopy in pp collisions

2020

This Letter presents the first direct investigation of the p–Σ0 interaction, using the femtoscopy technique in high-multiplicity pp collisions at s=13 TeV measured by the ALICE detector. The Σ0 is reconstructed via the decay channel to Λγ, and the subsequent decay of Λ to pπ−. The photon is detected via the conversion in material to e+e− pairs exploiting the capability of the ALICE detector to measure electrons at low transverse momenta. The measured p–Σ0 correlation indicates a shallow strong interaction. The comparison of the data to several theoretical predictions obtained employing the Correlation Analysis Tool using the Schrödinger Equation (CATS) and the Lednický–Lyuboshits approach s…

hypernucleihyperonsNuclear and High Energy Physicshiukkasfysiikka
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Theoretical study of neutrino scattering off the stable even Mo isotopes at low and intermediate energies

2011

A systematic study of the cross sections of neutral-current neutrino scattering off the stable even Mo isotopes (mass number A = 92, 94, 96, 98, 100), at low and intermediate neutrino energies (E(nu) <= 130 MeV), is presented and discussed. The required wave functions for the initial (ground state) and all accessible final nuclear states are constructed in the context of the quasi-particle random-phase approximation (QRPA) and tested against data on the low-lying energy spectra of the isotopes in question. The individual contributions coming from the polar-vector and axial-vector components of the hadronic current for the coherent and incoherent channels of each isotope are investigated. Th…

inelastic cross sectionsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsHadronsemi-leptonic electro-weak interactionsneutrino-nucleus reactionsnuclear-data sheetsNuclear physicsdedicated supernova detectionDouble beta decayelastic-scatteringNeutrino Ettore Majorana ObservatoryconversionNuclear ExperimentdetectorsPhysicsMass numberweak-interactionNeutral currentIsotopequasi-particle random-phase approximationspallationSupernovareaction cross-sectionsnetworkHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoburstNuclear Physics A
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The study of time-resolved absorption and luminescence in PbWO4 crystals

2000

Abstract The transient absorption and luminescence under pulsed electron beam excitation were studied for undoped and La3+ doped PbWO4 crystals. The absorption band at ∼1.0 eV is suggested to be due to self-trapped electrons and the absorption band at 3.5 eV may be due to self-trapped holes. The formation of luminescence centers via electron–hole recombination is affected by La3+ in doped crystals. The large fraction of electrons and holes undergoes thermostimulated recombination within geminate pairs and the spatial separation of geminate pairs components is important in recombination process. The intrinsic (blue) luminescence arises in this recombination. The mechanism of La3+ influence o…

inorganic chemicalsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAbsorption bandChemistryUltrafast laser spectroscopyDopingElectronAtomic physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)LuminescenceInstrumentationRecombinationExcitationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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On the correlation between mechanical and TEM studies of the aging of palladium during tritium storage

2005

Abstract Tritium has considerable technological applications in nuclear industry. Since it is a radioactive element, its storage is often considered in the form of tritides which ensure the required safety. However, the decay of tritium into 3 He alters the tritide properties during aging. With the aim of understanding the aging mechanisms of palladium tritide, a macroscale approach coupled with a microscopic study was performed on palladium aged up to eight months after tritium loading. The macroscale investigation based on the vibration of microcantilevers allowed the mechanical response of the material to be followed during its aging. The microscopic study was performed by Transmission E…

inorganic chemicalsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsBubble densityModuluschemistry.chemical_elementYoung's moduluslaw.inventionNuclear physicssymbols.namesakeNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryTransmission electron microscopylawHelium-3symbolsGeneral Materials ScienceTritiumComposite materialElectron microscopePalladiumJournal of Nuclear Materials
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Neutron flux and gamma dose measurement in the BNCT irradiation facility at the TRIGA reactor of the University of Pavia

2018

Abstract University of Pavia is equipped with a TRIGA Mark II research nuclear reactor, operating at a maximum steady state power of 250 kW. It has been used for many years to support Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) research. An irradiation facility was constructed inside the thermal column of the reactor to produce a sufficient thermal neutron flux with low epithermal and fast neutron components, and low gamma dose. In this irradiation position, the liver of two patients affected by hepatic metastases from colon carcinoma were irradiated after borated drug administration. The facility is currently used for cell cultures and small animal irradiation. Measurements campaigns have been ca…

inorganic chemicalsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials science030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingTRIGAlaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesNeutron flux measurements Neutron activation Photon dosimetry Alanine dosimetry BNCT0302 clinical medicineAlanine dosimetry; BNCT; Neutron activation; Neutron flux measurements; Photon dosimetry; Nuclear and High Energy Physics; InstrumentationlawNeutron fluxNeutronInstrumentationPhoton dosimetryDosimeterRadiochemistrySettore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentaletechnology industry and agricultureNuclear reactorAlanine dosimetryNeutron temperatureSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Neutron captureNeutron flux measurements030220 oncology & carcinogenesisNeutron activationBNCTSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaNeutron activation
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The effect of oxygenation on the radiation hardness of silicon studied by surface photovoltage method

2002

The effect of oxygenation on the radiation hardness of silicon detectors was studied. Oxygen-enriched and standard float-zone silicon pin-diodes and oxidized samples were processed and irradiated with 15-MeV protons. After the irradiations, the surface photovoltage (SPV) method was applied to extract minority carrier diffusion lengths of the silicon samples. Adding oxygen to silicon was found to improve the radiation hardness of silicon. The effect was visible in minority carrier diffusion lengths as well as in reverse bias leakage currents. The suitability of SPV method for characterizing irradiated silicon samples was proved.

inorganic chemicalsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceSiliconPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industrySurface photovoltageDetectortechnology industry and agriculturechemistry.chemical_elementCarrier lifetimeequipment and suppliescomplex mixturesOxygenstomatognathic diseasesNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryOptoelectronicsIrradiationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessRadiation hardeningLeakage (electronics)IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
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Formation and characterization of oxidic and metallic Fe/Ni multilayers prepared from Langmuir-Blodgett films

1994

Oxidic and metallic iron, nickel, and mixed iron/nickel mono- and multilayers were prepared by some treatments of iron- and nickel-containing Langmuir-Blodgett films. The layers were characterized by several surface-sensitive methods. Interactions between the iron and the nickel could be observed. The results are different to those obtained from disordered bulk alloys and from simple diffusion calculations.

inorganic chemicalsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMolecular diffusionMaterials scienceInorganic chemistrytechnology industry and agriculturechemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsLangmuir–Blodgett filmAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCharacterization (materials science)MetalNickelchemistryvisual_artotorhinolaryngologic diseasesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHyperfine Interactions
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A measurement of the neutron to 199Hg magnetic moment ratio

2014

The neutron gyromagnetic ratio has been measured relative to that of the 199Hg atom with an uncertainty of 0.8 ppm. We employed an apparatus where ultracold neutrons and mercury atoms are stored in the same volume and report the result γn/γHg=3.8424574(30).

inorganic chemicalsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsNeutron magnetic momentAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaGyromagnetic ratioFOS: Physical sciences[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciencesPhysics - Atomic PhysicsNuclear physicsMagnetic momentGyromagnetic ratio0103 physical sciencesAtomNeutron[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Physics::Atomic PhysicsNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum Gases[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]Magnetic moment010308 nuclear & particles physicsProton magnetic momenttechnology industry and agricultureQC0793Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Ultracold neutrons; Mercury atoms; Magnetic moment; Gyromagnetic ratioQC0770lcsh:QC1-999Mercury atomsElectric dipole momentbiological sciencesUltracold neutronslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAtomic physicsUltracold neutronslcsh:PhysicsPhysics Letters B
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Investigation of the dynamics of bacteriorhodopsin

1990

Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) converted to the blue form by deionization has been reconstituted to the active purple membrane by addition of57Fe ions. Mossbauer spectra measured in a wide temperature range reveal Fe3+ binding places with oxygen atoms in the neighbourhood. No evidence for a well defined functional binding place of the iron has been found. On a timescale faster 100 ns the purple membrane shows increasing flexibility above 200 K. In order to analyse the influence of the lipids, a bacteriorhodopsin sample where the lipid content has been increased artificially by the incorporation of DMPC as well as a sample consisting of lipid bilayer have been investigated.

inorganic chemicalsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsbiologyChemistryBacteriorhodopsinAtmospheric temperature rangeCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIonCrystallographyMembraneOxygen atomLipid contentbiology.proteinMossbauer spectraPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryLipid bilayerHyperfine Interactions
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