Search results for " hormones"

The influence of smoke volatiles on sexual maturation and juvenile hormone biosynthesis in the black army cutworm, Actebia fennica (Lepidoptera: Noct…

2000

0965-1748 (Print) Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Outbreaks of the black army cutworm, Actebia fennica, are associated with recently burned sites, where larvae feed on early successional plants. In the present paper we show that smoke volatiles stimulate juvenile hormone biosynthesis in virgin females, resulting in a more rapid rate of oocyte maturation and a significant advance in the age of first calling (the release of the sex pheromone) compared to control females. The ecological implications of this physiological effect are discussed.

Auto-immune haemolytic anaemia in ulcerative colitis: report of three cases.

1994

Sexual dimorphism in immune function: The role of sex steroid hormones

2018

There is evidence of the relation of sex steroid hormones and sexual dimorphism in immune system response to infectious diseases. The aim of this review was to identify the role of sex hormones in immune function and sexual dimorphism of immune reactions. Gonadal hormones together with the immune system play an important role in process of immune responses to the disease [1]. Estrogens, progesterone and testosterone have different impacts on immune cells and different gonadal hormones are of high importance for responses of innate and adaptive immunity [1, 2]. Estrogens mainly enhance immune function while testosterone has a suppressive role. Higher progesterone during pregnancy leads to au…

Lures for red palm weevil trapping systems: aggregation pheromone and synthetic kairomone

2015

[EN] BACKGROUNDThe optimisation of the lure is essential for the implementation of trapping systems to control insect pests. In this work, the response of the red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier, to increasing emission rates of its aggregation pheromone (ferrugineol) and the efficacy of a convenient synthetic kairomone based on fermentation odours (ethyl acetate and ethanol) have been evaluated in different years and locations along the Mediterranean basin. RESULTSIn general, although capture data and emission had noticeable variability among locations, significantly fewer RPW were captured in pyramidal Picusan (R) traps with the lowest ferrugineol emission rates tested…

Preparation and preliminary biological screening of cholic acid–juvenoid conjugates

2020

Abstract Steroidal compounds have been utilized as carriers and for modification of physico-chemical properties of model biologically active secondary alcohols – juvenoids. Juvenoids are juvenile hormone analogues – environmentally safe insecticides, possessing significant biological activity towards different arthropods groups in focus on insect pest species. Structure modification of juvenoids plays important role to control the rate of liberation and decomposition of juvenoid in digestive system and can also play important role in the mode of action towards selected insect. This study presents an approach to the synthesis of steroidal monomers and dimers carrying one and two molecules of…

Effect of Fibre-Enriched Orange Juice on Postprandial Glycaemic Response and Satiety in Healthy Individuals: An Acute, Randomised, Placebo-Controlled…

2019

Background: Consumption of fibre-enriched orange juice may be an appropriate way to supplement daily fibre intake and achieve beneficial effects on metabolic health. The present study aimed to assess the short-term effects of fibre-enriched orange juice on postprandial metabolism and satiety in a healthy adult population. Methods: In this double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover study 10 healthy subjects underwent two one-day trials in which they consumed an orange juice beverage containing 1.4 g/100 mL of citrus fibre (29.3% soluble and 41.9% insoluble) or a placebo (regular orange juice without added fibre). Postprandial glucose, insulin, gut hormones (GLP1, GIP and ghrelin…

Serum Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate and Risk for Type 2 Diabetes in Older Men and Women: The Pro.V.A Study

2016

Objective: A large body of clinical data suggests the importance of endogenous sex hormones in the pathogenesis of diabetes, but very little is known about the possible relationship between dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and diabetes, particularly in the elderly. We aimed, therefore, to examine whether high serum levels of DHEAS have any protective effects on the incidence of type 2 diabetes and to elucidate the possible role of gender in a cohort of older subjects. Methods: We followed 1258 community-dwelling subjects aged ≥65 years without type 2 diabetes who belonged to the Progetto Veneto Anziani (Pro.V.A.) for 4.4±1.2 years. DHEAS were measured at baseline and categorized into …

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis: Results from a cross-sectional study.

2017

Abstract Although the better management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has significantly improved the long-term outcome of affected patients, a significant proportion of these may develop associated comorbidities including cardiometabolic complications. However, it must be pointed out that a comprehensive cardiometabolic evaluation is still poorly integrated into the management of RA patients, due to a limited awareness of the problem, a lack of appropriate clinical studies, and optimal strategies for cardiovascular (CV) risk reduction in RA. In addition, although several studies investigated the possible association between traditional CV risk factors and RA, conflicting results are still av…

Associations of resting and peak fat oxidation with sex hormone profile and blood glucose control in middle-aged women.

2022

Background and Aims Menopause may reduce fat oxidation. We investigated whether sex hormone profile explains resting fat oxidation (RFO) or peak fat oxidation (PFO) during incremental cycling in middle-aged women. Secondarily, we studied associations of RFO and PFO with glucose regulation. Method and Results We measured RFO and PFO of 42 women (age 52–58 years) with indirect calorimetry. Seven participants were pre- or perimenopausal, 26 were postmenopausal, and nine were postmenopausal hormone therapy users. Serum estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone, progesterone, and testosterone levels were quantified with immunoassays. Insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index) and glucose tolerance (…

Plasma corticosteroids, free fatty acids, insulin and glucose in maternal blood during delivery.

1970

Plasma-corticosteroids (PCS), free fatty acids (FFA), insulin and glucose were determined continously in maternal blood during the entire course of delivery, from the first stage of labour until 6 hours after delivery. A steep increase in the PCS and FFA concentration could be noticed from the onset of labour (PCS: 37,8±11.2 µg/100 ml;\(s_{\bar x} \),p≦0.01; FFA: 556±106.6 µVal/l;\(s_{\bar x} \),p≦0.01) to the birth of the child (PCS: 96.8±19,5 µg/100 ml;\(s_{\bar x} \),p≦0.01; FFA: 1129±220 µVal/l;\(s_{\bar x} \),p≦0.01) and basal levels were already reached 6 hours later (PCS: 36.0±18.5 µg/100 ml;\(s_{\bar x} \),p≦0.01; FFA: 538±192.8 µVal/l;\(s_{\bar x} \),p≦0.01). The rise of insulin an…