Search results for " interactions"
showing 10 items of 1889 documents
Charged-particle multiplicities in pp interactions measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC
2011
Measurements are presented from proton–proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of \sqrt{s} = 0.9 , 2.36 and 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events were collected using a single-arm minimum-bias trigger. The charged-particle multiplicity, its dependence on transverse momentum and pseudorapidity and the relationship between the mean transverse momentum and charged-particle multiplicity are measured. Measurements in different regions of phase space are shown, providing diffraction-reduced measurements as well as more inclusive ones. The observed distributions are corrected to well-defined phase-space regions, using model-independent corrections. The results are compared…
Aviation Contrail Cirrus and Radiative Forcing Over Europe During 6 Months of COVID‐19
2021
Abstract The COVID‐19 pandemic led to a 72% reduction of air traffic over Europe in March–August 2020 compared to 2019. Modeled contrail cover declined similarly, and computed mean instantaneous radiative contrail forcing dropped regionally by up to 0.7 W m−2. Here, model predictions of cirrus optical thickness and the top‐of‐atmosphere outgoing longwave and reflected shortwave irradiances are tested by comparison to Meteosat‐SEVIRI‐derived data. The agreement between observations and modeled data is slightly better when modeled contrail cirrus contributions are included. The spatial distributions and diurnal cycles of the differences in these data between 2019 and 2020 are partially caused…
Full configuration interaction calculation of singlet excited states of Be3
2004
The full configuration interaction (FCI) study of the singlets vertical spectrum of the neutral beryllium trimer has been performed using atomic natural orbitals [3s2p1d] basis set. The FCI triangular equilibrium structure of the ground state has been used to calculate the FCI vertical excitation energies up to 4.8 eV. The FCI vertical ionization potential for the same geometry and basis set amounts to 7.6292 eV. The FCI dipole and quadrupole transition moments from the ground state are reported as well. The FCI electric quadrupole moment of the X (3)A(1) (') ground state has been also calculated with the same basis set (Theta(zz)=-2.6461 a.u., Theta(xx)=Theta(yy)=-1/2Theta(zz)). Twelve of …
Unconventional phases of attractive Fermi gases in synthetic Hall ribbons
2017
An innovative way to produce quantum Hall ribbons in a cold atomic system is to use M hyperfine states of atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice to mimic an additional "synthetic dimension." A notable aspect here is that the SU(M) symmetric interaction between atoms manifests as "infinite ranged" along the synthetic dimension. We study the many-body physics of fermions with SU(M) symmetric attractive interactions in this system using a combination of analytical field theoretic and numerical density-matrix renormalization-group methods. We uncover the rich ground-state phase diagram of the system, including unconventional phases such as squished baryon fluids, shedding light on many-body…
Endotoxin inhibits gastric emptying in rats via a capsaicin-sensitive afferent pathway.
2001
The effects of endotoxin on gastric emptying of a solid nutrient meal and the neural mechanisms involved in such a response were investigated in conscious rats. The intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of E. coli endotoxin (40 mug/kg) significantly reduced the 4-h rate of gastric emptying of a standard solid nutrient meal. Ablation of primary afferent neurons by systemic administration of high doses of capsaicin (20+30+50 mg/kg s.c.) to adult rats did not modify the rate of gastric emptying in control animals but prevented the delay in gastric transit induced by endotoxin. Local application of capsaicin to the vagus nerve rather than application of capsaicin to the celiac ganglion signific…
Cholinesterase activity and exposure time to acetylcholine as factors influencing the muscarinic inhibition of [3H]-noradrenaline overflow from guine…
1985
Guinea-pig isolated atria were incubated and loaded with [3H]-noradrenaline. The release of 3H and of [3H]-noradrenaline was induced by field stimulation (6-9 trains of 150 pulses at 5 Hz). The stimulation-evoked overflows of 3H and of [3H]-noradrenaline were determined. In the absence of an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, acetylcholine (12 min preincubation before nerve stimulation, up to 10 microM) failed to inhibit the evoked [3H]-noradrenaline overflow. In the presence of atropine, an increase by acetylcholine of evoked release was observed in the same atria. In contrast, the selective muscarinic agonist methacholine significantly decreased the evoked overflow. The inhibition was ant…
Acetylcholine via Muscarinic Receptors Inhibits Histamine Release from Human Isolated Bronchi
1997
Human bronchi were incubated in organ baths to measure histamine release. The calcium ionophore A23187 (10 mumol/L; 1 min) stimulated histamine release by 148 +/- 28% (n = 11) above the prestimulation level but was ineffective in epithelium-denuded bronchi. Neither bradykinin (0.1 mumol/L) nor compound 48/80 (10 micrograms/ml) triggered the release of histamine from epithelium-intact bronchi. Acetylcholine did not affect spontaneous histamine release (about 2 nmol/g x 5 min) but inhibited A23187-evoked histamine release in an atropine-sensitive manner. Already a concentration as low as 0.1 nmol/L acetylcholine was effective, the maximal inhibition (by 89%) occurred at 100 nmol/L, whereas a …
The effects of histamine on the isolated mouse uterus
2000
1. A study is made of the contractile and relaxant effects, and mechanism of action, of histamine on isolated uterus from mice treated with diethylstilboestrol, employing acetylcholine and adrenaline as contractile and relaxant standard agents. 2. Concentration-response curves for histamine agonists were obtained in the absence and presence of selective histaminergic blocking drugs (clemizole, ranitidine and thioperamide) and indomethacin. A number of experiments were carried out in uterus from reserpinised mice. Concentration-response curves for acetylcholine and adrenaline were also obtained in the absence and presence of their selective antagonist (atropine and propranolol). 3. In isolat…
Phylogenetic analysis of Lymnaeid snails based on 18S rDNA sequences.
1997
The 18S rDNA sequences of the six most common European Lymnaeidae species (Mollusca:Gastropoda:Basommatophora) have been obtained by direct PCR cycle sequencing and silver staining methods. The sequence alignment and secondary structures of the 18S rRNA gene of Lymnaea stagnalis, L. auricularia, L. peregra, L. palustris, L. glabra, and L. truncatula are analyzed. This gene proves to be a good marker for both specific determination and supraspecific lymnaeid phylogeny. The malacological importance is evident, considering the specific determination problems of individual snails and the present systematic chaos in Lymnaeidae due to their pronounced morphoanatomic uniformity, which makes a clas…
Predictability decomposition detects the impairment of brain-heart dynamical networks during sleep disorders and their recovery with treatment
2016
This work introduces a framework to study the network formed by the autonomic component of heart rate variability (cardiac process η ) and the amplitude of the different electroencephalographic waves (brain processes δ , θ , α , σ , β ) during sleep. The framework exploits multivariate linear models to decompose the predictability of any given target process into measures of self-, causal and interaction predictability reflecting respectively the information retained in the process and related to its physiological complexity, the information transferred from the other source processes, and the information modified during the transfer according to redundant or synergistic interaction betwee…