Search results for " justice"
showing 10 items of 1145 documents
ICT-driven disruptive innovation nurtures un-captured GDP : Harnessing women's potential as untapped resources
2017
The harnessing of untapped resources has become essential for inclusive growth in digital economies particularly as developed economies continue to age demographically. The harnessing of women's potential is an urgent subject in this context, and successive initiatives have been flourishing in many countries. However, given the institutional complexity of the issue, as well as considerable variety across nations, uniformed non-systematic approaches are hardly satisfactory in achieving a timely solution. Against this back drop, this paper analyzed a new information communication technology (ICT)-driven disruptive innovation that may nurture un-captured GDP by harnessing untapped resources su…
Justicia civil a debate: qué, por qué y cómo (Pasado, presente y retos de futuro del proceso civil)” (Debate On Civil Justice: What, Why and How (Pas…
2017
Spanish Abstract: La neo-modernidad, consecuencia de la globalizacion, nos presenta la crisis del modelo de Justicia civil tradicional. Una crisis que ha propiciado una metamorfosis de la Justicia: se reconoce el derecho al acceso a la Justicia, pero esta se presenta como un “Multi-rooms Justice System” en el que conviven los tribunales con las ADR/ODR; es una Justicia cada vez mas digital, mas agil, pero demasiado inspirada en el pensamiento economicista, que pone en peligro los valores esenciales de la dignidad y la igualdad de las personas. English Abstract: Neo-modernity, a consequence of globalization, presents the crisis of the model of traditional Civil Justice. A crisis that has led…
Does Ethical Activism Lead to Firm Relocation?1
2004
La premiere generation de l'activisme ethique a conduit les decideurs politiques des pays developpes a imposer des normes ethiques contraignantes sur les industries domestiques. A cause des couts generes par ces pressions ethiques, certaines firmes ont delocalise leurs activites de production vers des pays plus laxistes. La seconde generation d'activisme ethique a directement vise les firmes en menacant leur profit sur les marches de consommation, independamment de leur localisation. Nous montrons que, dans certaines circonstances, cette deuxieme generation peut conduire les firmes a reconsiderer la localisation de leur production. Nous en deduisons que l'activisme ethique peut constituer u…
Climate Change and Global Justice: New Problem, Old Paradigm?
2014
In this paper, we focus on the conceptualization of climate change as an issue of global justice. While we do not deny that climate change raises fundamental and dramatic issues of justice among peoples as well as generations, our claim is that the language of global justice can obscure the fact that problems provoked by climate change lack some characteristic features of problems of global justice, while possessing others that are not characteristic of such problems. We begin by describing briefly how we got to where we are, climatically speaking; we go on to show why it is plausible to think of climate change as provoking problems of global justice; point out four respects in which this d…
The Climatic Challenge to Global Justice
2014
How should we think of justice when the evil we can do to one another is not visible nor immediate, but rather impalpable and causally, spatially and temporally dispersed? What does justice demand, when our actions and institutions do not directly sabotage the life prospects of others but rather do so derivatively, by sabotaging the very eco-systems in which such lives are or will be lived? In a globalized, resource-depleted, overpopulated, rapidly changing, ecologically deteriorating world, what is owed to the billions of spatiotemporally distant people who are paying or shall pay the costs of the last 200 years of heavy industry, globalized trade and enthusiastic economic growth? And is t…
A problem-adjusted genetic algorithm for flexibility design
2013
Many present markets for goods and services have highly volatile demand due to short life cycles and strong competition in saturated environments. Determination of capacity levels is difficult because capacities often need to be set long before demand realizes. In order to avoid capacity-demand mismatches, operations managers employ mix-flexible resources which allow them to shift excess demands to unused capacities. The Flexibility Design Problem (FDP) models the decision on the optimal configuration of a flexible (manufacturing) network. FDP is a difficult stochastic optimization problem, for which traditional exact approaches are not able to solve but the smallest instances in reasonable…
Causes of a Growing Judicial Litigation: Empirical Analysis of a Case
1991
In Spain, judicial litigation has grown considerably since 1959 to 1987, both in absolute and relative dimensions. This trend is especially accentuated in the criminal and in the contentious-administrative jurisdictional areas. By applying an interdisciplinary (economic, juridical, sociological political …) approach, the characteristics of this phenomenon are summarized in this paper, and their numerous and complex causes are analysed. Some of these causes can be considered socially positive, as they seem connected with a greater economic and social development in the country that allows citizens to appeal more frequently and directly to justice courts; but others show a worsening in the s…
The Consistency of Fairness Rules: An Experimental Study
2010
In the last two decades, experimental papers on distributive justice have abounded. Two main results have been replicated. Firstly, there is a multiplicity of fairness rules. Secondly, fairness decisions differ depending on the context. This paper studies individual consistency in the use of fairness rules, as well as the structural factors that lead people to be inconsistent. We use a within-subject design, which allows us to compare individual behavior when the context changes. In line with the literature, we find a multiplicity of fairness rules. However, when we control for consistency, the set of fairness rules is considerably smaller. Only selfishness and strict egalitarianism seem to…
Sampling properties of the Bayesian posterior mean with an application to WALS estimation
2022
Many statistical and econometric learning methods rely on Bayesian ideas, often applied or reinterpreted in a frequentist setting. Two leading examples are shrinkage estimators and model averaging estimators, such as weighted-average least squares (WALS). In many instances, the accuracy of these learning methods in repeated samples is assessed using the variance of the posterior distribution of the parameters of interest given the data. This may be permissible when the sample size is large because, under the conditions of the Bernstein--von Mises theorem, the posterior variance agrees asymptotically with the frequentist variance. In finite samples, however, things are less clear. In this pa…
Différences de genre et formes de dépendances des conjoints biactifs dans l'accompagnement des enfants
2011
International audience; L'approche des différences de genre dans la mobilité a été renouvelée à partir des années 2000 par l'attention portée aux formes d'interdépendance entre conjoints pour leurs déplacements quotidiens. Dans ce travail mobilisant l'enquête ménages-déplacements d'Île-de-France, nous en avons relevé deux types à partir de l'analyse de l'accompagnement des enfants des conjoints de couples de biactifs. D'une part, il y a un effet d'entraînement. Lorsqu'un conjoint fait de l'accompagnement, l'autre a une probabilité plus forte d'en faire également. D'autre part, les conjoints se distribuent entre eux l'accompagnement avant travail et après travail. Toutefois, l'interdépendanc…