Search results for " life science"
showing 10 items of 12151 documents
La terre : un bien hors du commun. De l'utopie à la révolution foncière
2018
International audience; La terre manque toujours cruellement d'un droit à sa démesure. Indispensable à la plupart des activités humaines, cette ressource naturelle est saisie par un ensemble disparate de règles au prix, trop souvent, d'une négation de ses qualités. « À vouloir "forcer" la terre, écrivait Pisani, nous prenons, en effet, le risque de la voir se dérober »2. De là, un mal bien terrestre de notre société, qui affecte aussi bien la chose elle-même que ses habitants. Les symptômes portent les noms d'accaparement, d'artificialisation, de surexploitation, de dégradation. Ils sont suffisamment graves pour justifier la création d'un authentique système foncier, projet politique encore…
Résistances aux herbicides : au Nord, c’étaient les Laiterons !
2016
SPEGESTAD; Contexte - Après des échecs de désherbage de laiteron épineux à l’aide d’herbicides inhibiteurs de l’ALS (groupe HRAC B) en culture d’endives, l’hypothèse de la présence d’une résistance à ces herbicides a été étudiée. étude - Des tests biologiques avec un herbicide du groupe B (rimsulfuron) ont été effectués sur des populations provenant de parcelles « à problème ». Le gène de l’ALS a également été séquencé afin de rechercher la présence de mutations causant une résistance aux herbicides inhibiteurs de l’ALS dans ces populations. résultats - Les tests biologiques ont montré l’existence d’une résistance au rimsulfuron dans les trois parcelles étudiées. Des mutations au codon 197 …
Global urban environmental change drives adaptation in white clover
2022
Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:52:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-03-18 Urbanization transforms environments in ways that alter biological evolution. We examined whether urban environmental change drives parallel evolution by sampling 110,019 white clover plants from 6169 populations in 160 cities globally. Plants were assayed for a Mendelian antiherbivore defense that also affects tolerance to abiotic stressors. Urban-rural gradients were associated with the evolution of clines in defense in 47% of cities throughout the world. Variation in the strength of clines was explained by environmental changes in drought stress and vegetation cover that varied am…
Spray nozzle characterization using high speed imaging techniques
2013
International audience; Spray characteristics play an important role in the application accuracy and efficiency of plant protection products. In this study, the spray angles, liquid sheet lengths and spray shapes of five hydraulic spray nozzles (Albuz ATR orange, Albuz ATR red, TeeJet XR 110 01, TeeJet XR 110 04 and TeeJet AI 110 04) were measured using a developed high speed imaging system. Results were compared with the results of existing measuring techniques using a flow rate test bench, a horizontal patternator and a Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) laser.
L1: Oral processing behaviours and retronasal aroma release variability during cheese consumption in human
2012
Abstract of oral presentation
Food oral processing and interindividual variability in human. Links between physiological parameters, release of sensory stimuli and perception of f…
2016
International audience; In human food oral processing is the first step in the digestive process. It prepares the food to be swallowed and then to undergo the process of digestion. During chewing, the food is comminuted by the combined action of chewing and saliva to form a bolus. The particle size of the bolus is reduced thanks to the action of the tongue and the teeth and the saliva is continuously produced by the salivary glands for humidifying and impregnating the food. Saliva impregnates and lubricates the bowl and also allows cohesion of the particles to prepare the step of swallowing. During food oral processing, the compounds responsible for food flavour and taste are released durin…
Chewing simulation: a way to understand the relationships between mastication, food breakdown and flavour release
2010
International audience; Understanding in-mouth mechanisms is necessary to understand flavour release and perception phenomena. To overcome the limitations of in-vivo flavour release measurements, we developed a chewing simulator that faithfully reproduced many mouth functions. Using brittle foods, we showed that in-vitro food breakdown was very comparable to that obtained in-vivo. We also studied on model cheeses in-vitro flavour release by connecting on-line the chewing simulator to APCI-MS. Preliminary results are discussed.
Salivary proteome and sensitivity to bitterness
2010
Among the various factors that dictate food choices, the sensorial acceptability and the in-mouth perception of food are essential. For example, bitterness is partly responsible for the rejection of some vegetables by some consumers. In this study, the aim is to evaluate if the salivary environment of an individual plays a role in his sensitivity to bitter taste
2000-2009 Publication metrics reveal world trends of grain legume research
2012
Identifiant ProdInra 271566 BAP SAR CICAP GEAPSI pas de classement CT scientifiqueIdentifiant ProdInra 271566BAPSAR CICAPGEAPSIpas de classement CT scientifique; Grain legumes grown in Europe produce protein-rich seeds of good nutritional value. They can partially replace imported soybean amounting to about 35 Mt in 2010. Legumes also fix N2 naturally with the help of rhizobiaceae bacteria, resulting in fossil energy saving and reduction of glasshouse gas emissions risks. Strength and weaknesses of grain legume research in Europe and other nations are not well known. Therefore we studied 2000-2009 worldwide publications on grain legumes using the CAB database. We built a world corpus of 161…
Assemblage des communautés adventices: apports de l'approche fonctionnelle
2014
National audience