Search results for " light"

showing 10 items of 1141 documents

Recent advances in the application of pulsed light processing for improving food safety and increasing shelf life

2019

Abstract Background New technologies of non-thermal disinfection such as pulsed light (PL) have emerged lately as an alternative to traditional (thermal and chemical) disinfection and preservation methods. PL can be used to decontaminate a great variety of foods as well as to decontaminate contact surfaces, thus improving safety in foods and extending their shelf life. Moreover, this technology can prevent or reduce some of the detrimental effects of traditional methods on nutrients and bioactive compounds of food products. Scope and approach The combination of PL with other techniques such as ultraviolet light (UV), thermosonication (TS), pulsed electric fields (PEF), manothermosonication …

Nutritive value0303 health sciencesPreservation methods030306 microbiologybusiness.industry04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesHuman decontaminationContaminationShelf lifeFood safety040401 food scienceMicrobial inactivation03 medical and health sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologyContact surfacesPulsed lightSensory propertiesUltraviolet lightNon-thermal technologyEnvironmental scienceMicrobial decontaminationbusinessProcess engineeringFood ScienceBiotechnologyTrends in Food Science & Technology
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Seawater carbonate chemistry and kelp densities and coral coverages at three study locations and photosynthesis and calcification of corals measured …

2021

Ocean warming is altering the biogeographical distribution of marine organisms. In the tropics, rising sea surface temperatures are restructuring coral reef communities with sensitive species being lost. At the biogeographical divide between temperate and tropical communities, warming is causing macroalgal forest loss and the spread of tropical corals, fishes and other species, termed “tropicalization”. A lack of field research into the combined effects of warming and ocean acidification means there is a gap in our ability to understand and plan for changes in coastal ecosystems. Here, we focus on the tropicalization trajectory of temperate marine ecosystems becoming coral-dominated systems…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)Net calcification rate of calcium carbonate lightCommunity composition and diversityAlkalinity total standard deviationunique identificationTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedNet calcification rate of calcium carbonateCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Color descriptionRespiration rate oxygenpHRespirationMonthCarbonate ionLaboratory experimentField experimentRespiration rateunique identification URIstandard deviationlightAcropora solitaryensisCalcification/DissolutionCalcite saturation statewaterPartial pressure of carbon dioxideSiteGrowth MorphologyRocky-shore communityAragonite saturation state standard deviationPorites heronensisCarbon inorganic dissolved standard deviationTypeCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)Primary production PhotosynthesisSpeciesBottles or small containers/Aquaria (&lt;20 L)fungiEvent labeltechnology industry and agricultureCarbonate system computation flagpH standard deviationbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airEntire communitySingle speciesCalcification DissolutionBenthic animalsFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCoralCoast and continental shelfPhotosynthetic efficiencySpecies unique identification (URI)darkIdentificationRegistration number of speciesSalinityTemperateBottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L)inorganicAlkalinityArea localityNet photosynthesis rate oxygenExperimentArea/localityAragonite saturation stateNorth PacificAlkalinity totalBottles or small containers Aquaria 20 LtotalCO2 ventCalcification rate of calcium carbonateTemperaturedissolvedPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Temperature water standard deviationNet photosynthesis rateEarth System ResearchNet calcification rate of calcium carbonate darkField observationgeographic locationsSpecies unique identificationBenthosCnidariaDiameterOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCAnimaliaBicarbonate ionGrowth ratePartial pressure of carbon dioxide standard deviationPrimary production/PhotosynthesisTreatmentCarbon dioxideGrowth/MorphologyRocky shore communityShootsoxygen
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Impact of dietary intervention on serum neurofilament light chain in multiple sclerosis

2021

Background and ObjectivesAdapted ketogenic diet (AKD) and caloric restriction (CR) have been suggested as alternative therapeutic strategies for multiple sclerosis (MS), but information on their impact on neuroaxonal damage is lacking. Thus, we explored the impact of diets on serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels in patients with relapsing-remitting MS.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated a prospective randomized controlled trial of 60 patients with MS who were on a common diet or ketogenic diet or fasting. We examined sNfL levels of 40 participants at baseline and at the end of the study after 6 months using single molecule array assay.ResultssNfL levels were investigated in 9 contr…

OncologyAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialty2041medicine.medical_treatmentNeurofilament lightArticlelaw.inventionMultiple Sclerosis Relapsing-RemittingRandomized controlled triallawNeurofilament ProteinsInternal medicineOutcome Assessment Health CareMedicineHumansProspective StudiesTrial registrationSingle cycleCaloric RestrictionRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisFastingMiddle Agedmedicine.disease322Clinical trialNeurologyMultiple sclerosis functional compositeFemaleNeurology (clinical)businessDiet KetogenicFunction and Dysfunction of the Nervous SystemKetogenic diet
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Use of the cumulative amount of serum-free light chains (sFLC) at diagnosis and PET2 for the early identification of high risk of treatment failure i…

2012

8083 Background: Since early identification of patients (pts) at risk of failure is the mainstay of a risk-adapted therapy, we explored the prognostic impact of the sFLC assay in cHL, whose biology involves ongoing activation of polyclonal B-cells. Methods: Serum samples from 248 untreated cHL pts were tested by the Freelite assay. Median age was 32 yrs (r 15-85), males 47%, stages: I (5%), II (51%), III (17%), IV (27%); B-sympt. 60%, E-disease, 38%; bulky &gt;10 cm, 44%; ESR &gt; 65, 42%; IPS ≥3, 39%. Early unfavorable disease (GHLSG/ EORTC) was respectively found in 33% and 42% of cases. ABVD was given to 89% of pts. Results: Absolute FLC levels were summed into a sFLC(κ+λ) variable and …

OncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyOncologySerum freebusiness.industryInternal medicinemedicineHodgkin lymphomaIdentification (biology)Immunoglobulin light chainbusinessTreatment failureJournal of Clinical Oncology
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MWP phase shifters integrated in PbS-SU8 waveguides

2015

[EN] We present new kind of microwave phase shifters (MPS) based on dispersion of PbS colloidal quantum dots (QDs) in commercially available photoresist SU8 after a ligand exchange process. Ridge PbS-SU8 waveguides are implemented by integration of the nanocomposite in a silicon platform. When these waveguides are pumped at wavelengths below the band-gap of the PbS QDs, a phase shift in an optically conveyed (at 1550 nm) microwave signal is produced. The strong light confinement produced in the ridge waveguides allows an improvement of the phase shift as compared to the case of planar structures. Moreover, a novel ridge bilayer waveguide composed by a PbS-SU8 nanocomposite and a SU8 passive…

OnesMaterials sciencePopulationPhase (waves)Physics::OpticsPolymer waveguidesSlow light7. Clean energylaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceOpticslawElectrònicaDispersion (optics)TEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONESeducationMicrowavesNanomaterialseducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryÒpticaGuided wave applicationsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsQuantum dotOptoelectronicsbusinessWaveguideRefractive indexMicrowaveQuantum-well -wire and -dot devices
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Empirical BAC factors method application to two real case studies in South Italy

2021

Abstract The application of Building Automation and Control (BAC) systems has many advantages. One of these is the reduction of the end-user electricity consumption and, if applied to lighting systems, the achievement of well-acknowledged benefits from daylight, such as productivity, health, visual comfort and well-being. Concerning the first aspect, the international Standard EN 15232 proposes the so-called BAC Factors (BF) method to assess the impact of BAC systems on the final energy consumption. The method provides a simplified estimation of the energy savings due to automation in buildings and questions arise on its applicability in some situations. For this reason, the authors have ca…

Operations researchComputer scienceIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringBAC factorsDaylight linked control systemsDaylightElectrical and Electronic EngineeringProductivityBAC factors Daylight linked control systems Energy efficiency in buildings Lighting Lighting controlsLightingEnergy efficiency in buildings Lighting controls BAC factors Lighting Daylight linked control systemsCivil and Structural EngineeringBuilding automationConsumption (economics)Settore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica AmbientaleLighting controlsEnergy efficiency in buildingsbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringInternational standardBuilding and ConstructionPollutionAutomationSettore ING-IND/33 - Sistemi Elettrici Per L'EnergiaGeneral EnergyControl systemElectricitybusinessEnergy
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Long-wavelength monolithic GaInNAs vertical-cavity optical amplifiers

2004

We report on the continuous-wave amplification characteristics of an optically pumped 1.3-μm multiple-quantum-well GaInNAs-GaAs vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifier (VCSOA). The VCSOA structure was monolithically grown by molecular beam epitaxy and operated in reflection mode in a fiber-coupled system. The maximum on-chip gain attained, limited by the onset of laser action, was 15.6 dB at 196 mW of 980-nm pump power. For a chip gain of 10.4 dB, the optical bandwidth was 10.8 GHz and the saturation output power was -9 dBm. By varying the pump laser power, a maximum extinction ratio of 22.3 dB was obtained. Temperature-controlled tuneable operation of the device is also presented a…

Optical amplifier:Science::Physics::Optics and light [DRNTU]Materials scienceExtinction ratiobusiness.industryLaser pumpingCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserOptical switchAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionVertical-cavity surface-emitting laserSemiconductor laser theoryOptical pumpingOpticslawOptoelectronicsElectrical and Electronic Engineeringbusiness
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Time calibration of the ANTARES neutrino telescope

2011

The ANTARES deep-sea neutrino telescope comprises a three-dimensional array of photomultipliers to detect the Cherenkov light induced by upgoing relativistic charged particles originating from neutrino interactions in the vicinity of the detector. The large scattering length of light in the deep sea facilitates an angular resolution of a few tenths of a degree for neutrino energies exceeding 10 TeV. In order to achieve this optimal performance, the time calibration procedures should ensure a relative time calibration between the photomultipliers at the level of ~1 ns. The methods developed to attain this level of precision are described.

Optical telescopesPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectors[SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors01 natural sciencesOptimal performanceHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Calibration procedureDimensional arraysAngular resolution[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Neutrino energyNEUTRINO TELESCOPE010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Deep seaNeutrino detectorRelative timeCalibrationFísica nuclearNeutrinoAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsTime calibrationPhotomultiplier[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]Cherenkov lightAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesScattering lengthNeutrino TelescopesOptical telescopeNuclear physics[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]Tellurium compounds0103 physical sciencesOptical systemsCalibrationAngular resolution14. Life underwater[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)DETECTORCherenkov radiationtime calibration; neutrino telescopes; antaresANTARES010308 nuclear & particles physicsNeutrino interactionsAstronomyElementary particlesAstronomy and AstrophysicsPhotomultipliersFISICA APLICADAHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentUNDERWATER DETECTORNeutrino telescopesSYSTEM
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Comparison of the Ultraviolet Light Filtering across Different Intraocular Lenses.

2018

SIGNIFICANCE We have analyzed the ultraviolet transmittance of some commercial intraocular lenses (IOLs). The results show differences of wavelength cutoff among them. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to measure and compare the ultraviolet light transmittance of different IOLs made out of acrylic hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and hydrophilic with hydrophobic surface materials from different manufacturers. METHODS The spectral transmission curves of eight monofocal IOLs with the same dioptric power of +20.0 diopters were measured using a PerkinElmer Lambda 35 ultraviolet/visible spectrometer. Two IOLs of each type were tested three times. The ultraviolet cutoff wavelength at 10% transmissio…

Optics and PhotonicsMaterials scienceUltraviolet RaysAcrylic ResinsBiocompatible MaterialsRadiationmedicine.disease_cause03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsRadiation ProtectionmedicineTransmittanceUltraviolet lightCutoffHumansPolymethyl Methacrylate030212 general & internal medicineLenses IntraocularSpectrometerbusiness.industryCutoff frequencyOphthalmologyWavelength030221 ophthalmology & optometrySilicone ElastomersSpectrophotometry UltravioletbusinessUltravioletFiltrationOptometryOptometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry
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Analysis of multiple internal reflections in a parallel aligned liquid crystal on silicon SLM

2014

Multiple internal reflection effects on the optical modulation of a commercial reflective parallel-aligned liquid-crystal on silicon (PAL-LCoS) spatial light modulator (SLM) are analyzed. The display is illuminated with different wavelengths and different angles of incidence. Non-negligible Fabry-Perot (FP) effect is observed due to the sandwiched LC layer structure. A simplified physical model that quantitatively accounts for the observed phenomena is proposed. It is shown how the expected pure phase modulation response is substantially modified in the following aspects: 1) a coupled amplitude modulation, 2) a non-linear behavior of the phase modulation, 3) some amount of unmodulated light…

Optics and PhotonicsSiliconTotal internal reflectionBirefringenceSpatial light modulatorMaterials scienceLightbusiness.industryCross-phase modulationModels TheoreticalAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsLiquid CrystalsLiquid crystal on siliconAmplitude modulationOpticsReflection coefficientbusinessPhase modulationDiffraction gratingLightingOptics Express
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