Search results for " liver disease"

Epidemiology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Implications for Liver Transplantation.

2018

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects 25% of the global adult population with a range of 13.5% in Africa and 31.8% in the Middle East. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is closely associated with a constellation of metabolic comorbidities which include: obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypercholesteremia. In fact, the increasing number of metabolic comorbidities not only increases the prevalence of NAFLD but also places patients at higher risk for progressive liver disease. As such, NAFLD is presently among the top etiologies for hepatocellular carcinoma and an indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the United States. Therefore, the following recommendati…

The Role of Vitamin Deficiency in Liver Disease: To Supplement or Not Supplement?

2021

Over the past few years, growing interest has been shown for the impact of dietary requirements and nutritional factors on chronic diseases. As a result, nutritional programs have been reinforced by public health policies. The precise role of micronutrients in chronic liver disease is currently receiving particular attention since abnormalities in vitamin levels are often detected. At present, treatment programs are focused on correcting vitamin deficiencies, which are frequently correlated to higher rates of comorbidities with poor outcomes. The literature reviewed here indicates that liver diseases are often related to vitamin disorders, due to both liver impairment and abnormal intake. M…

Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells differentiation towards hepatocyte-like cells: functional characterization and expression of immunomodulatory …

2012

Microbiome and Diseases: Hepatic Disorders

2018

Intensive research efforts aim to understand the multifaceted molecular mechanisms underlying disease onset and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcohol-induced liver disease (ALD). Taken together, NAFLD and ALD are the most common liver diseases worldwide, and universally accepted therapies other than lifestyle interventions either focusing on weight reduction and physical exercise or alcohol abstinence are lacking. During the last decade, alterations of intestinal microbiota composition and intestinal barrier function leading to an increased translocation of bacterial endotoxin and of metabolites originating from an altered intestinal microbiome are emerging as …

Hepatitic C virus infection and autoimmunity : clinical features, diagnostic tools and therapeutical aspects

1995

Summary Since the genom of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) was detected the pathogenesis of a distinct group of chronic liver disease and some non-hepatic disorders of sofar unknown origin could be newly established. A wide variety of clinical features including vasculitis, glomerulonephritis, porphyria and rheumatoid-like symptoms may become apparant separately or in combination. HCV can be precipitated in cryoglobulins and tissue-related HCV was found in liver and kidney specimen, for instance. HCV-related cryoglobulinemia or circulating immune complexes often occur with vasculitis. Hematological changes may be present such as thrombocytopenia. A considerable amount of patients show circulati…

Treatment options for managing atherogenic dyslipidemia and fatty liver disease

2014

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in Western countries with up to 30% of the population affected. Since NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease, these patients should be stratified for CV risk factors, including atherogenic dyslipidemia, and managed accordingly. Lifestyle modifications represent an effective treatment for NAFLD, since most patients are overweight or obese. Also, promising, but not conclusive, results are available for current pharmacologic treatment. Drugs potentially effective against NAFLD include insulin sensitisers as well as fibrates and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, whil…

Compliance with the clinical practice guidelines for the management of hepatitis B and C virus-related chronic liver disease: a survey based on hospi…

2013

Aknu steatozes riska faktoru un fēču mikrobioma saistības izvērtējums pacientiem ar neinsulīnatkarīgu cukura diabētu

2018

Aktualitāte.Aptuveni divām trešdaļām 2TDM pacientu ir NTAS. 2TDM ir riska faktors tam, lai NTAS attīstītos par steatohepatītu, aknu fibrozi un cirozi. NTAS progresija ir biežāka pacientiem ar augstāku ĶMI, VA un TG līmeni. Ir noteikts, ka šajā pacientu grupā daži zarnu mikrobiāta metagenomiskie modeļi var kalpot par aknu iekaisuma radītājiem. Uzlabotas mikrobiomu analīzes metodes un dziļāka izpratne par sakarībām starp disbiozi un tās ietekmi uz kuņģa-aknu asi var uzlabot NTAS diagnostiku un ārstēšanu. Mērķi.Analizēt sakarību starp fēču mikrobiomu un ALAT līmeni, triglicerīdu līmeni, ĶMI un VA 2TDM pacientiem. Materiāli un metodes.Dati tika iegūti retrospektīvi par 2TDM pacientiem, kuriem t…

Considerations regarding the alleged association between Herbalife products and cases of hepatotoxicity: a rebuttal.

2014

We thank Dr. K Appelhans et al. for their comments [1] on our paper [2], published online first in April 2012. In our review, we aimed to draw the attention of physicians to the uncontrolled and increasingly alarming use of herbal products and dietary supplements in the general population. In fact, in Italy this phenomenon, though still limited, has rapidly increased over the last few years. Here, use of herbal medicine products has increased to 3.7 %, while in other countries consumption is higher, reaching 20 % in the UK, and 40 % in the USA. Young non-smoking women with a high level of education appear to be the most common consumers [3]. It seems that women use these products more than …

Macrophage scavenger receptor 1 mediates lipid-induced inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

2022

Background & Aims: Obesity-associated inflammation is a key player in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the role of macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (MSR1, CD204) remains incompletely understood. Methods: A total of 170 NAFLD liver biopsies were processed for transcriptomic analysis and correlated with clinicopathological features. Msr1(-/-) and wild-type mice were subjected to a 16-week high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. Mice and ex vivo human liver slices were treated with a monoclonal antibody against MSR1. Genetic susceptibility was assessed using genome-wide association study data from 1,483 patients with NAFLD and 430,101 participants of the U…