Search results for " metabolic"

Dietary cholate increases plasma levels of apolipoprotein B in mice by posttranscriptional mechanisms

2001

To induce atherogenesis in mice, a high fat (HF) diet is supplemented with cholic acid (CA), which increases apoB-containing particles and lower apoA-I-containing particles. HF diet without CA increases levels of both HDL and LDL, suggesting that CA may be responsible for the elevation of LDL and lowering of HDL. The mechanism of dietary CA-induced lowering of apoA-I-containing particles has recently been reported. In this study, we examined the mechanism of CA- and HF-induced elevation of apoB-containing lipoproteins in mice. Mice were fed the following four diets: control chow (C), high fat high cholesterol, (HF), control and 0.5% cholate (CA), and HF + CA. Dietary CA increased the plasma…

Statins and metabolic syndrome

2003

Abstract Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a multifactorial condition that represents a risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus (DMII) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Statins may play a role on some modifiable clinical features of MS; in fact, whereas therapeutic lifestyle changes are mandatory for MS with a 10-year coronary heart disease (CHD) risk 20% and to correct the other associated lipid and non-lipid abnormalities. In fact, they have a VLDL lowering action in hypertriglyceridemia, they reduce the amount of small and dense LDL, they increase the HDL-C, they reduce the atherogenic lipoproteins, and they decrease the inflammatory marker levels.

Predictive factors of polycystic ovary syndrome in girls with precocious pubarche

2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to clarify, in girls with premature pubarche (PP), the influence of premature androgenization on the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Design and patients: Ninety-nine PP girls, 63 who developed PCOS and 36 who did not develop PCOS, were retrospectively included. Clinical, anthropometric, and metabolic parameters were evaluated at the time of diagnosis of PP and after 10 years from menarche to find predictive factors of PCOS. Results: Young females with PP showed a PCOS prevalence of 64% and showed a higher prevalence of familial history of diabetes (P = 0.004) and a lower prevalence of underweight (P = 0.025) than PP-NO-PCOS. In addition, g…

Correction to: One Year of Dapaglifozin Add-On Therapy Ameliorates Surrogate Indexes of Insulin Resistance and Adiposity in Patients with Type 2 Diab…

2021

This study investigates the effects of dapagliflozin on the visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), product of triglycerides and glucose (TyG) and triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). In this real-life study, dapaglifozin was added to metformin alone (group 1, no. 42) or insulin plus metformin (group 2, no. 58) in 100 T2D patients. In group 1, after 6 months of dapaglifozin addition, a significant decrease in BMI (p < 0.001), waist circumference (WC) (p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = 0.009), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p = 0.012), mean fasting blood glucose (FBG), post-breakfast glucose…

The Mitochondrial Antioxidant SS-31 Modulates Oxidative Stress, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Autophagy in Type 2 Diabetes

2019

Mitochondrial dysfunction has been shown to play a central role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and mitochondria-targeted agents such as SS-31 are emerging as a promising strategy for its treatment. We aimed to study the effects of SS-31 on leukocytes from T2D patients by evaluating oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy. Sixty-one T2D patients and 53 controls were included. Anthropometric and analytical measurements were performed. We also assessed reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, calcium content, the expression of ER stress markers GRP78, CHOP, P-eIF2&alpha

Combining Body Mass Index With Measures of Central Obesity in the Assessment of Mortality in Subjects With Coronary Disease

2013

Objectives This study sought to assess the mortality risk of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) based on a combination of body mass index (BMI) and measures of central obesity. Background In CAD patients, mortality has been reported to vary inversely with BMI (“obesity paradox”). In contrast, central obesity is directly associated with mortality. Because of this bi-directional relationship, we hypothesized that CAD patients with normal BMI but with central obesity would have worse survival compared with subjects with other combinations of BMI and central adiposity. Methods We included 15,547 participants with CAD who took part in 5 studies from 3 continents. Multivariate stratified…

Nondietary therapies for celiac disease.

2012

Currently, the only available therapy for celiac disease is strict lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD). Although safe and effective, the GFD is not ideal. It is frequently expensive, of limited nutritional value, and not readily available in many countries. Consequently, a need exists for novel, nondietary therapies for celiac disease. Based on the current understanding of celiac disease pathogenesis, several potential targets of therapeutic intervention exist. These novel strategies provide promise of alternative, adjunctive treatment options but also raise important questions regarding safety, efficacy, and monitoring of long-term treatment effect.

FTO and INSIG2 Genotyping Combined with Metabolic and Anthropometric Phenotyping of Morbidly Obese Patients

2013

Obesity is a major health problem worldwide. Associations of obesity with common variants of the fat mass- and obesity-associated gene &lt;i&gt;(FTO) &lt;/i&gt;and insulin-induced gene 2 &lt;i&gt;(INSIG2)&lt;/i&gt; have been reported in various studies. We aimed to further investigate the association of 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs9939609 in &lt;i&gt;FTO&lt;/i&gt; and rs7566605 in &lt;i&gt;INSIG2&lt;/i&gt;, with body mass index (BMI) and other anthropometric and metabolic parameters in subjects with morbid obesity (BMI ≥40). SNPs rs9939609 and rs7566605 were genotyped in 124 unrelated morbidly obese patients (mean BMI = 50, range 40.1-77.1) from Mainz, Germany, and in 253 no…

METABOLIC SYNDROME FOLLOW-UP IN MENOPAUSE: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO REDUCE THE CARDIOVASCULAR RISK

2009

Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Children after Continent Urinary Diversion by Mainz Pouch Technique

2010

Purpose MAINZ pouch I urinary diversion provides a high-capacity, low-pressure reservoir. The use of terminal ileum can cause a decrease of vitamin B12 levels. Symptoms caused by vitamin B12 deficiency are rare, but some are irreversible, therefore annual check-ups are recommended. In this study the vitamin B12 levels in the above patients were analyzed in retrospect. Material and Methods The ileocecal segment was used for urinary tract reconstruction in > 80 children ≤17 years of age. B12 levels were determined at various time points within up to 21 years after surgery in 63 patients (8 with ileocecal bladder substitution, 55 continent cutaneous diversion). B12 values below 200pg/ml were c…