Search results for " method"

showing 10 items of 10455 documents

Safety and Ergogenic Properties of Combined Aminophylline and Ambrisentan in Hypoxia.

2017

We hypothesized that concomitant pharmacological inhibition of the endothelin and adenosine pathway is safe and improves exercise performance in hypoxic humans, via a mechanism that does not involve augmentation of blood oxygenation. To test this hypothesis, we established safety and drug interactions for aminophylline (500 mg) plus ambrisentan (5 mg) in normoxic volunteers. Subsequently, a placebo‐controlled study was employed to test the combination in healthy resting and exercising volunteers at simulated altitude (4,267 m). No serious adverse events occurred. Drug interaction was minimal or absent. Aminophylline alleviated hypoxia‐induced headaches. Aminophylline, ambrisentan, and their…

AdultMaleAdenosineAmbrisentanAdolescent030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyPharmacologyPlaceboHypoxemia03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineDouble-Blind MethodmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)Adverse effectHypoxiaExercisePharmacologyPhenylpropionatesbusiness.industryAltitudeEndothelinsResearchArticlesHypoxia (medical)Drug interactionMiddle AgedAminophylline3. Good healthPyridazinesAnesthesiaAminophyllineDrug Therapy CombinationFemalemedicine.symptomEndothelin receptorbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugSignal TransductionClinical pharmacology and therapeutics
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Impact of a non-attentively perceived odour on subsequent food choices

2014

International audience; Current research in psychology suggests that unconscious processes influence a significant proportion of choices and decisions. To study the impact of a non-attentively perceived odour on food choices, we used a priming paradigm. We had previously shown that non-attentively perceived fruity odours could impact food choice intentions (on a menu card), guiding participants toward items containing more fruit and/or vegetables. The present study was designed to extend these findings, in a real-life consumption setting. One hundred and fifteen participants took part in this study, and were assigned randomly to either a control or a scented condition. On arrival in the lab…

AdultMaleAdolescent030309 nutrition & dietetics[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionFood choiceFood cueHealthy eatingChoice Behavior050105 experimental psychologyWaiting periodFood cue03 medical and health sciencesFood PreferencesYoung AdultDouble-Blind MethodSurveys and QuestionnairesFood choiceVegetablesOdorMedicineHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesGeneral Psychology0303 health sciencesCommunicationNutrition and Dieteticsbusiness.industryPsychological research05 social sciencesMiddle AgedOlfactory PerceptionPrimingFruitTest roomOdorantsFemalebusinessSocial psychologyPriming (psychology)[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
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Influence of alcohol in mouthwashes containing triclosan and zinc: an experimental gingivitis study

2005

Objectives: An experimental gingivitis model was used to analyse the influence of alcohol in mouthwashes containing 0.15% triclosan and zinc chloride on the formation of supragingival plaque, the development of gingivitis and the appearance of adverse events. Material and Methods: Using a double-blind crossover design, 30 subjects underwent two consecutive experimental phases with two 0.15% triclosan and zinc chloride mouthwashes, differentiated mainly by their excipient (hydroalcoholic or aqueous). In each phase, the subjects discontinued all oral hygiene measures and were treated solely with the randomly assigned experimental mouthwash for 21 days. Each experimental phase was preceded by …

AdultMaleAdolescentDental PlaqueMouthwashesDentistryAlcoholDental plaqueOral hygieneGingivitischemistry.chemical_compoundstomatognathic systemmedicineHumansAdverse effectEthanolbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseGingivitisCrossover studyTriclosanTriclosanZincchemistryPeriodonticsItchingFemalemedicine.symptomEpidemiologic MethodsbusinessJournal of Clinical Periodontology
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Fluvoxamine or placebo in the treatment of panic disorder and relationship to blood concentrations of fluvoxamine.

1998

A six-week double-blind placebo-controlled trial of fluvoxamine was undertaken in 46 patients suffering from panic disorder with or without agoraphobia diagnosed by DSM-III-R guidelines. Average daily dosage of fluvoxamine was 160 mg, with a highest permitted dose of 300 mg/day. Weekly evaluation included a diary in which the number, severity, and duration of full-blown and limited panic attacks and the duration and severity of anticipating fear, CAS, GAS, CGI, HAM-D, adverse effects and the number of capsules not taken were noted. Fluvoxamine was not significantly superior to placebo with regard to the main outcome criterion, i.e., the reduction in the number of panic attacks, but it was s…

AdultMaleAdolescentFluvoxaminePlacebolaw.inventionRandomized controlled trialDouble-Blind Methodlawmental disordersmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)Adverse effectAgedPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPanic disorderPanicGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasehumanitiesPsychiatry and Mental healthAnti-Anxiety AgentsFluvoxamineAnesthesiaPanic DisorderFemalemedicine.symptomDrug MonitoringPsychologyAnxiety disorderSelective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitorsmedicine.drugAgoraphobiaPharmacopsychiatry
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Comparison of Ondansetron versus Clonidine efficacy for prevention of postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting after orthognathic surgeries : a triple…

2018

Background The aim of this randomized controlled triple blind trial was to compare the efficacy of clonidine with dexamethasone versus ondansetron with dexamethasone for postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting prevention in orthognathic surgery patients. Material and Methods In this clinical trial study, 30 consecutive patients with skeletal class III deformities were candidates for orthognathic surgery in Qaem hospital, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran from March to November 2017. These subjects were randomly assigned to two equal number groups, ondansetron or clonidine. Patients received either oral ondansetron 8mg or oral clonidine 150μg as premedication, 1 hour befo…

AdultMaleAdolescentNauseamedicine.medical_treatmentOrthognathic surgeryClonidinelaw.inventionOndansetron03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled trialDouble-Blind Method030202 anesthesiologylawmedicineHumansGeneral DentistryDexamethasoneAnalgesicsPain Postoperativebusiness.industryOrthognathic Surgical ProceduresResearch030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]OndansetronClonidineTreatment OutcomeOtorhinolaryngologyAnesthesiaPostoperative Nausea and VomitingUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASVomitingAntiemeticsSurgeryPremedicationFemalemedicine.symptomOral Surgerybusinessmedicine.drug
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A double-blind, randomized, multicenter, Italian study of frovatriptan versus almotriptan for the acute treatment of migraine

2011

The objective of this study was to evaluate patients’ satisfaction with acute treatment of migraine with frovatriptan or almotriptan by preference questionnaire. One hundred and thirty three subjects with a history of migraine with or without aura (IHS 2004 criteria), with at least one migraine attack in the preceding 6 months, were enrolled and randomized to frovatriptan 2.5 mg or almotriptan 12.5 mg, treating 1–3 attacks. The study had a multicenter, randomized, double blind, cross-over design, with treatment periods lasting <3 months. At study end patients assigned preference to one of the treatments using a questionnaire with a score from 0 to 5 (primary endpoint). Secondary endpoints w…

AdultMaleAdolescentOriginalMigraine with AuraPopulationAlmotriptanCarbazolesClinical NeurologyMigraine; almotriptan; FrovatriptanYoung Adultalmotriptan; frovatriptan; migraine; patient preferenceDouble-Blind MethodAlmotriptanmedicineHumansMigraine Frovatriptan Almotriptan Patient preferencePatient preferenceeducationMigraineAgededucation.field_of_studyCross-Over Studiesbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseCrossover studyRizatriptanTryptaminesMigraine with auraSerotonin Receptor AgonistsalmotriptanTreatment OutcomeAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineItalyMigraineTolerabilityAnesthesiaAcute DiseaseFemaleSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptombusinessFrovatriptanFrovatriptanmedicine.drug
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Probabilistic liver atlas construction

2017

Background Anatomical atlases are 3D volumes or shapes representing an organ or structure of the human body. They contain either the prototypical shape of the object of interest together with other shapes representing its statistical variations (statistical atlas) or a probability map of belonging to the object (probabilistic atlas). Probabilistic atlases are mostly built with simple estimations only involving the data at each spatial location. Results A new method for probabilistic atlas construction that uses a generalized linear model is proposed. This method aims to improve the estimation of the probability to be covered by the liver. Furthermore, all methods to build an atlas involve p…

AdultMaleAdolescentPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsComputer scienceStatistics as TopicBiomedical EngineeringGeneralized linear modelcomputer.software_genre030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingBiomaterials03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSimple (abstract algebra)Coregistration methodImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingProbabilistic atlasAgedProbabilityAged 80 and overRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryAtlas (topology)ResearchProbabilistic logicPattern recognitionGeneral MedicineProbabilistic atlasMiddle AgedObject (computer science)Magnetic Resonance ImagingAnatomical atlasAtlas variabilityLiver030220 oncology & carcinogenesisAnatomical atlasFemaleArtificial intelligenceData miningbusinesscomputerAlgorithmsBioMedical Engineering OnLine
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Construction and testing of the Moral Development Scale for Professionals (MDSP)

2010

Moral development among students is central for nursing education, because nursing is informed by moral ends, and it is essential that professional nurses have a well developed ability for moral behaviour, ethical reasoning and decision making. The aim of this study was to construct a new instrument for measuring moral development according to Kohlberg's theory of moral development among students and professionals, and initially test it for reliability and validity among students in professional education. Thirty-two items following the conventional and postconventional stages in the theory were developed. Different actions for reducing the items were implemented. The final version of the i…

AdultMaleAdolescentPsychometricsApplied psychologyNursing Methodology ResearchEducationYoung AdultLawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral developmentCronbach's alphaSurveys and QuestionnairesEthics NursingHumansNurse educationGeneral NursingProfessional developmentReproducibility of ResultsConstruct validityMoral DevelopmentNursing Education ResearchNursing TheoryMoral developmentNursing theoryScale (social sciences)FemaleStudents NursingPsychologySocial psychologyNurse Education Today
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Spanish Adaptation and Validation of the Short Internalized Homonegativity Scale (SIHS)

2016

Internalized homophobia has been related to mental health problems and sexual risk behaviors among nonheterosexual people. This article validates the Spanish adaptation of the Short Internalized Homonegativity Scale (SIHS). For this purpose, 347 men and 183 women completed the instrument. Exploratory factorial analysis showed three factors: public identification as homosexual (PIH), sexual comfort with homosexual people (SEXC), and social comfort with homosexual people (SOCC). These factors explained 57.96% of total variance. In addition, confirmatory factorial analysis supported this structure and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) was.80 for the full scale. The three subscales ranged…

AdultMaleAdolescentPsychometricseducationPatient Health QuestionnaireDevelopmental psychologylaw.inventionNonheterosexual peopleYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine0504 sociologyCondomCronbach's alphalawSurveys and QuestionnairesShort Internalized Homonegativity Scale (SIHS)Mental health problemsHumansInternal-External ControlSexual riskAged05 social sciences050401 social sciences methodsHomosexualityMiddle AgedMental healthSelf Concept030227 psychiatrySpanish populationClinical PsychologyMental HealthConvergent validitySpainScale (social sciences)FemaleHomophobiaFactorial analysisFactor Analysis StatisticalPsychologySexual riskSpanish population
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Clinical evaluation of antiseptic mouth rinses to reduce salivary load of SARS-CoV-2

2021

AbstractMost public health measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic are based on preventing the pathogen spread, and the use of oral antiseptics has been proposed as a strategy to reduce transmission risk. The aim of this manuscript is to test the efficacy of mouthwashes to reduce salivary viral load in vivo. This is a multi-centre, blinded, parallel-group, placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial that tests the effect of four mouthwashes (cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine and hydrogen peroxide) in SARS-CoV-2 salivary load measured by qPCR at baseline and 30, 60 and 120 min after the mouthrinse. A fifth group of patients used distilled water mouthrinse as a contr…

AdultMaleAdolescentScienceMouthwashesArticleMalalties transmissibles PrevencióYoung AdultDouble-Blind Methodstomatognathic systemHumansChildSalivaAgedMultidisciplinarySARS-CoV-2QRInfant NewbornCOVID-19InfantMiddle AgedViral LoadPlacebo EffectVirusViral infectionChild PreschoolRandomized controlled trialsAnti-Infective Agents LocalMedicineFemale
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