Search results for " miglioramento"

A combined genome-wide approach identifies a new potential candidate marker associated with the coat color sidedness in cattle

2019

Abstract Coat color is one of the most important phenotypic features in livestock breeds. Cinisara is a local cattle breed generally of uniform black color which occasionally presents a particular phenotype, with animals typically display a white band along their spine, from the head to the tail, and on the ventral line (color sidedness). Therefore, this breed provides an ideal model to study the genetic components underlying phenotypic variation in coat color. A total of 63 animals, ten with sidedness phenotype and 53 with uniform black color were genotyped with Illumina Bovine 50 K. The comparison among genome-wide association study and FST analysis revealed a single nucleotide polymorphi…

Prion protein gene frequencies in three Sicilian dairy sheep populations

2008

The objective of this paper was to investigate the prion protein (PrP) genotype and haplotype frequencies in three Sicilian dairy sheep populations. The three populations were: (1) 1096 Valle del Belice animals, (2) 1143 Comisana animals, and (3) 1771 individuals from 5 flocks with scrapie outbreaks, in which the animals were crossbreds derived from indigenous Sicilian dairy breeds. PrP genotypes are described for the three codons 136 (Alanine or Valine; A, V), 154 (Histidine or Arginine; H, R), and 171 (Glutamine, Arginine or Histidine; Q, R, H) which represent polymorphisms known to be linked with scrapie susceptibility. The Valle del Belice haplotype frequencies were 32.3% ARR, 6.5% AHQ,…

Polymorphism and chromosomal localization of the porcine signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B gene (STAT5B).

2006

Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) are a family of transcription factors. STAT5A and 5B are two highly related proteins encoded by two distinct genes. Transgenic knockout mice studies have indicated the importance of STAT5 proteins for the regulation of both lactation and growth performance. Moreover, different studies determine the role of STAT5 proteins in the modulation of adipocyte function. In this study, we sequenced one fragment of STAT5B gene from animals of six breeds (Duroc, Iberian, Landrace, Large White, Pie´train and Meishan) to identify genetic variants. A G/A single nucleotide polymorphism in intron 14 creates a polymorphic PstI restriction site and wa…

Assignment of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (STAT5A) to porcine chromosome 12p13→p11 by radiation hybrid panel mapping

2005

The Girgentana Goat Breed: A Zootechnical Overview on Genetics, Nutrition and Dairy Production Aspects

2017

In recent years, there has been a great interest in recovering and preserving local livestock breeds. An interesting situation is represented by the Girgentana goat, an ancient local breed reared in Sicily. Over recent years, this breed has become almost extinct, in part as a consequence of the marked decrease in fresh goat milk consumption. On the basis of these considerations, several studies on its genetic structure and management aspects have been conducted in order to protect the Girgentana goat from the risk of extinction and recover its genetic and economic value. In this context, information on genetics, nutrition and dairy production aspects may have a crucial role in the improveme…

Study of β-defensin polymorphisms in Valle del Belice dairy sheep

2009

The aim of this work was to sequence the exons of β-defensin 1 and 2 genes (SBD1 and SBD2) in Valle del Belice dairy sheep in order to identify polymorphisms. The study was conducted on 60 samples from three flocks. Six SNPs were identified: two in SBD1 and four in SBD2. Both genes consist of two exons and one intron. In SBD1 gene, SNPs were found only in the exon 2, whereas in SBD2, SNPs were detected in both exons. In both genes, SNPs were located in the coding regions and in the 3'-UTR. The SNP in SBD2 located at position 1659 determined a change in the protein sequence. Further studies will be necessary to investigate if the amino acid change modifies the biological function of the…

Beta-lactoglobulin polymorphism in Girgentana goat breed

2007

Beta-lactoglobulin (b-lg) is a globular protein belonging to the lipocalin family. It is the major whey protein in the milk of ruminants. It is also present in the milk of most mammals but is lacking in rodents, lagomorphs and humans. A large number of variants have been reported for cow and sheep milk. Several studies have shown association between b-lg variants and milk production and composition, even if the results are not always concordant. In goat, no b-lg variants related with amino acid change have been characterized at DNA level, but some authors described the presence of polymorphisms in the 3’UTR and in the proximal promoter region. Mutations in the promoter region could be those…

Genome-wide association study for milk production traits in an economically important local dairy sheep breed

2021

In this study, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for five milk production traits in the Valle del Belice sheep. Repeated measurements for milk yield (MY), fat percentage and yield (F% and FY) and protein percentage and yield (P% and PY) on 481 ewes, were available for the analysis. The animals were genotyped using the Illumina Ovine 50k BeadChip. Weighted deregressed breeding values (DEBVw) were used as phenotypes for GWAS analysis. A total of 23 genome-wide significant SNPs were identified: 3 associated with MY, 9 with FY, and 11 with P%. Several SNPs mapped within known candidate genes or previously reported QTL for milk production traits in livestock species. Additional…

Two novel amino acid substitutions in highly conserved regions of prion protein (PrP) and a high frequency of a scrapie protective variant in native …

2019

Background Polymorphisms of the prion protein gene may influence scrapie susceptibility in small ruminants through modified protein conformation. At least 47 amino acid substitutions and 19 silent polymorphisms have been described in goat PRNP reported from several countries. The objective of this study was to investigate PRNP polymorphisms of native Ethiopian goat breeds and compare the results with other goat breeds. Results The analysis of the prion protein gene PRNP in 229 goats belonging to three of the main Ethiopian native goat breeds showed a remarkably high frequency (> 34.6%) of p.(Asn146Ser) in these breeds, a variant involved in scrapie resistance in Cyprus. In addition, two nov…

Genome-wide scan for selection signatures reveals novel insights into the adaptive capacity in local North African cattle

2020

International audience; Natural-driven selection is supposed to have left detectable signatures on the genome of North African cattle which are often characterized by the fixation of genetic variants associated with traits under selection pressure and/or an outstanding genetic differentiation with other populations at particular loci. Here, we investigate the population genetic structure and we provide a first outline of potential selection signatures in North African cattle using single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping data. After comparing our data to African, European and indicine cattle populations, we identified 36 genomic regions using three extended haplotype homozygosity statistic…