Search results for " molecule"
showing 10 items of 1523 documents
A condensed-to-atom nucleophilicity index. An application to the director effects on the electrophilic aromatic substitutions
2009
Abstract The local nucleophilicity of simple substituted aromatic systems is shown to be described on a quantitative basis by using a condensed-to-atoms nucleophilicity index. This quantity constitutes an extension of the global nucleophilicity descriptor, N introduced for reagents in cycloaddition reactions and other organic molecules [Journal of Organic Chemistry 73 (2008) 4615–4624; Journal of Molecular Structure (THEOCHEM) 865 (2008) 68–72]. The local projection N k is performed on the basis of the normalization condition of the Fukui functions. It is shown that such a simple index provides useful clues about the director effects of the substituents on the electrophilic aromatic substit…
THE KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF THE REACTION OF ONIUM CYCLOPENTADIENYLIDES WITH TETRAHALO-p-BENZOQUINONES
1989
Abstract The reaction of triphenylphosphonium cyclopentadienylide (1) with halogen-substituted p-benzoquinones (4) is shown to give a new class of dipolar (zwitterionic) dyes (5) containing phosphorus. The general structure of these molecules has been investigated by a combination of mass spectrometry and multinuclear (7H, 13C and 31P) nmr using the specialist techniques of DEFT spectroscopy, homonuclear (COSY) and heteronuclear 2-D nmr. In addition, stopped-flow (uv/visible) techniques have been used to study the kinetics of the reactions and hence demonstrate that the rate-limiting step is nucleophilic addition of the ylid nucleophile to the quinone, followed by a rapid loss of halide ion…
Glutathione conjugation of the rabbit mammary pheromone 2-methylbut-2-enal
2008
International audience; In the process of smell, the olfactory signal is initiated by the binding of odorous molecules to olfactory receptors. In the receptor environment,associated events are supposed to modulate this signal.Thus, the xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, potentially involved in the clearance of the odorous molecules, could modulate the availability of these molecules for the olfactory receptors, and consequently could participate indirectly in the olfactory signal termination. A mammary pheromone, which is an odorous aldehyde (2-methylbut-2-enal or 2MB2) has been recently characterized in the rabbit by our group. The aim of this work was to elucidate the metabolism of 2MB2 in …
Tandem cross enyne metathesis (CEYM)–intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction (IMDAR). An easy entry to linear bicyclic scaffolds
2015
A new tandem cross enyne metathesis (CEYM)–intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction (IMDAR) has been carried out. It involves conjugated ketones, esters or amides bearing a remote olefin and aromatic alkynes as the starting materials. The overall process enables the preparation of a small family of linear bicyclic scaffolds in a very simple manner with moderate to good levels of diastereoselectivity. This methodology constitutes one of the few examples that employ olefins differently than ethylene in tandem CEYM–IMDAR protocols.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Cross Enyne Metathesis (CEYM)-Intramolecular Diels-Alder Reaction (IMDAR). An Easy Entry to Linear Bicyclic Scaffolds.
2015
A new tandem cross enyne metathesis (CEYM)–intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction (IMDAR) has been carried out. It involves conjugated ketones, esters or amides bearing a remote olefin and aromatic alkynes as the starting materials. The overall process enables the preparation of a small family of linear bicyclic scaffolds in a very simple manner with moderate to good levels of diastereoselectivity. This methodology constitutes one of the few examples that employ olefins differently than ethylene in tandem CEYM–IMDAR protocols.
PSA Depletion Induces the Differentiation of Immature Neurons in the Piriform Cortex of Adult Mice
2021
Immature neurons are maintained in cortical regions of the adult mammalian brain. In rodents, many of these immature neurons can be identified in the piriform cortex based on their high expression of early neuronal markers, such as doublecortin (DCX) and the polysialylated form of the neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM). This molecule plays critical roles in different neurodevelopmental events. Taking advantage of a DCX-CreERT2/Flox-EGFP reporter mice, we investigated the impact of targeted PSA enzymatic depletion in the piriform cortex on the fate of immature neurons. We report here that the removal of PSA accelerated the final development of immature neurons. This was revealed by a h…
An open-label, randomized phase II study of adecatumumab, a fully human anti-EpCAM antibody, as monotherapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer
2009
Background: High-level expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is associated with unfavorable prognosis in breast cancer. This study was designed to investigate two doses of the fully human IgG1 anti-EpCAM antibody adecatumumab (MT201) in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Methods: A total of 109 patients were stratified into high- and low-level EpCAM expression by immunohistochemical staining of primary tumors and subsequently randomly assigned to receive monotherapy with either high- (6 mg/kg every two weeks (q2w)) or low-dose adecatumumab (2 mg/kg/ q2w) until disease progression. Results: No complete or partial tumor responses could be confirmed by central RECI…
Phase IB study of the EpCAM antibody adecatumumab combined with docetaxel in patients with epcampositive relapsed or refractory advanced-stage breast…
2012
Background: Targeted therapy options in HER2-negative breast cancer are limited. This open-label, multicenter phase IB dose-escalation trial was conducted to determine safety, tolerability, and antitumor activity of a combination of docetaxel (Taxotere) and increasing doses of adecatumumab, a human IgG1 antibody targeting epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), in EpCAM-positive relapsed or primary refractory advanced-stage breast cancer. Patients and methods: Patients pretreated with up to four prior chemotherapy regimens received increasing adecatumumab doses either every 3 weeks (q3w) or weekly (qw) combined with docetaxel (100 mg/m 2 q3w). Primary end points were safety and tolerabil…
Clinical correlates of change in inflammatory biomarkers: The Framingham Heart Study
2013
Objectives: Traditional clinical risk factors are associated with inflammation cross-sectionally, but associations of longitudinal variation in inflammatory biomarkers with corresponding changes in clinical risk factors are incompletely described. We sought to analyze clinical factors associated with change in inflammation in the community.Methods: We studied 3013 Framingham Offspring (n = 2735) and Omni Cohort (n = 278) participants (mean age 59 years, 55% women, 9% ethnic/racial minority) who attended two consecutive examination cycles (mean 6.7 years apart). We selected ten inflammatory biomarkers representing distinctive biological functions: C-reactive protein (CRP), intercellular adhe…
P-cadherin expression and survival rate in oral squamous cell carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study
2005
Abstract Background P-cadherin (P-cad) is a transmembrane molecule involved in the cell-cell adhesion and similar to E-cadherin (E-cad), but less investigated in oncology, especially in in vivo studies. Aims of the present study were to assess the prevalence of P-cad expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to verify whether P-cad can be considered a marker of prognosis in patients with OSCC. Methods In a retrospective study, a cohort of 67 OSCC patients was investigated for P-cad expression and its cellular localization by immunohistochemistry; some respective healthy margins of resection were similarly investigated as standard controls. After grouping for P-cad expression, OS…