Search results for " monoclonal"
showing 10 items of 807 documents
Intracellular distribution of the La antigen in CV-1 cells after herpes simplex virus type 1 infection compared with the localization of U small nucl…
1989
The La antigen is known to associate, at least transiently, with a series of small nuclear and cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs and scRNPs), e.g. U1 and U6 snRNPs. In CV-1 cells a monoclonal antibody (MAb), directed against the La protein (La1B5), immunostained intranuclear speckles. These speckles were found to co-localize with speckles that were stained by MAbs directed against either all U snRNPs or only against U1 snRNPs. Two h after infection of CV-1 cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) (strain HFEM) the staining of nuclear speckles with the anti-La MAb disappeared and the La protein was found quantitatively in the cytoplasm. In contrast nuclear speckles remain…
Ectodomain shedding of L1 adhesion molecule promotes cell migration by autocrine binding to integrins.
2001
The L1 adhesion molecule plays an important role in axon guidance and cell migration in the nervous system. L1 is also expressed by many human carcinomas. In addition to cell surface expression, the L1 ectodomain can be released by a metalloproteinase, but the biological function of this process is unknown. Here we demonstrate that membrane-proximal cleavage of L1 can be detected in tumors and in the developing mouse brain. The shedding of L1 involved a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM)10, as transfection with dominant-negative ADAM10 completely abolishes L1 release. L1-transfected CHO cells (L1-CHO) showed enhanced haptotactic migration on fibronectin and laminin, which was blocked …
Daratumumab for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma
2018
This mini-review will summarize the present state of development of the CD38 antibody daratumumab for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
Therapeutic afucosylated monoclonal antibody and bispecific T-cell engagers for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
2021
BackgroundT-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive disease with a poor cure rate for relapsed/resistant patients. Due to the lack of T-cell restricted targetable antigens, effective immune-therapeutics are not presently available and the treatment of chemo-refractory T-ALL is still an unmet clinical need. To develop novel immune-therapy for T-ALL, we generated an afucosylated monoclonal antibody (mAb) (ahuUMG1) and two different bispecific T-cell engagers (BTCEs) against UMG1, a unique CD43-epitope highly and selectively expressed by T-ALL cells from pediatric and adult patients.MethodsUMG1 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on a wide panel of normal t…
Cytotoxic T cells with reciprocal antigenic peptide presentation function are not generally resistant to mutual lysis
2003
Cytotoxic T cells normally express major histocompatibility complex class I molecules, to which their T cell antigen receptors are restricted. Therefore, a single cytotoxic T cell can not only act as a cytolytic effector cell, but also as an antigen-presenting cell for other cytotoxic T cells of the same or a different clone. In the present paper, we used a murine cytotoxic T cell clone, 10BK.1, recognizing the ovalbumin-derived peptide OVA257-264 in combination with H-2Kb to investigate the consequences of reciprocal antigen presentation by these cytotoxic T cells. These cells proliferate after incubation with the relevant peptide in the absence of added accessory cells, indicating recipro…
A novel epitope of N-CAM defines precursors of human adherent NK cells
2004
AbstractActivated, adherent natural killer (A-NK) cells represent a distinct subpopulation of interleukin (IL)-2-stimulated NK cells, which are selectively endowed with the increased expression of integrins and ability to adhere to solid surfaces, migrate into, infiltrate, and destroy cancerous tissues. The present study defines the phenotype and functions of precursors of A-NK (pre-A-NK) cells in humans. Peripheral blood pre-A-NK cells, in contrast to the rest of NK cells, express a novel epitope of CD56 neuronal cell adhesion molecule, termed ANK-1, and increased cell-surface levels of integrins. Pre-A-NK cells also express low levels of CD56 and CD161, and some express CD162 receptor, do…
P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 as a potential target for humoral immunotherapy of multiple myeloma.
2008
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), successfully adopted in the treatment of several haematological malignancies, have proved almost ineffective in multiple myeloma (MM), because of the lack of an appropriate antigen for targeting and killing MM cells. Here, we demonstrate that PSGL1, the major ligand of P-Selectin, a marker of plasmacytic differentiation expressed at high levels on normal and neoplastic plasma cells, may represent a novel target for mAb-mediated MM immunotherapy. The primary effectors of mAb-induced cell-death, complement-mediated lysis (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), were investigated using U266B1 and LP1 cell-lines as models. Along with immunolo…
Comparative sequence analysis of the Clostridium difficile toxins A and B.
1992
The six clones pTB112, pTB324, pTBs12, pCd122, pCd14 and pCd13 cover the tox locus of Clostridium difficile VPI 10463. This region of 19 kb of chromosomal DNA contains four open reading frames including the complete toxB and toxA genes. The two toxins show 63% amino acid (aa) homology, a relatedness that had been predicted by the cross-reactivity of some monoclonal antibodies (mAb) but that is in contrast to the toxin specificity of polyclonal antisera. A special feature of ToxA and ToxB is their repetitive C-termini. We define herein 19 individual CROPs (combined repetitive oligopeptides of 20-50 aa length) in the ToxB C-terminus, which are separable into five homologous groups. Comparison…
Divergent Distribution in Vascular and Avascular Mammalian Retinae Links Neuroglobin to Cellular Respiration
2005
The visual function of the vertebrate retina relies on sufficient supply with oxygen. Neuroglobin is a respiratory protein thought to play an essential role in oxygen homeostasis of neuronal cells. For further understanding of its function, we compared the distribution of neuroglobin and mitochondria in both vascular and avascular mammalian retinae. In the vascular retinae of mouse and rat, oxygen is supplied by the outer choroidal, deep retinal, and inner capillaries. We show that in this type of retina, mitochondria are concentrated in the inner segments of photoreceptor cells, the outer and the inner plexiform layers, and the ganglion cell layer. These are the same regions in which oxyge…
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with implant and regenerative treatments : systematic review
2019
Background The aim of this study was to determine if the treatment with bisphosphonates other anti-resorptive and antiangiogenic agents influences the success of regenerative and / or implant treatments. Material and Methods We reviewed the literature from the last 5 years in the PubMed database, using the following words: “Sinus Floor Augmentation”[Mesh] OR “Dental Implants”[Mesh]) OR “Guided Tissue Regeneration”[Mesh]) AND “Osteonecrosis”[Mesh]. The articles were selected following the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were evaluated using the 22 items of the STROBE declaration. The following PICO clinical question was applied: Does the treatment with agents associated with drug osteon…