Search results for " mr"

A new window in multiple sclerosis pathology: non-conventional quantitative magnetic resonance imaging outcomes

2010

Recent findings suggest that neuronal pathology occurs early in the course of multiple sclerosis and seems to be responsible for accumulation of disability. Nonetheless, the nervous system has an intrinsic potential for repair and compensation in the neuronal component. Disease-modifying drugs such as glatiramer acetate interfere with, and down-regulate, inflammatory pathology and slow neurodegeneration. Moreover, certain regulatory cytokines and neurotrophic factors have the capacity to promote neuronal and axonal repair. Given the importance of neuronal injury in multiple sclerosis and the potential of certain treatments for neuronal repair, it is important to possess adequate and sensiti…

Eine Mannitollösung als orales Kontrastmittel in der pelvinen MRT

1995

PURPOSE Improvement of pelvic MRI using peroral administration of an aqueous mannitol solution. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated magnetic resonance examinations of 72 patients with suspected or proven pelvic abnormalities: In 36 patients, no bowel marking was carried out. In further 36 patients, we performed a contrast enhancement of the bowel by oral application of 1000 ml of an aqueous mannitol solution. RESULTS 8/36 (22%) patients suffered from diarrhoea, nausea or meteorism as a result of mannitol application. In group 2, an excellent bowel marking of the small intestine could be obtained in 36/36 (100%) patients. Contrast enhancement of the bowel significantly improved delineation …

Diabetes Mellitus and Its Association to the Occurrence of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw

2016

To date there is no consensus on the role of diabetes in the development of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MR-ONJ). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of diabetes and pathological glucose metabolism in patients with MR-ONJ compared to the general population. All maxillofacial surgery inpatients in one year at our department were investigated regarding diagnosis, anamnesis, medication, and blood glucose readings. 1374 records were analyzed. 35 patients with MR-ONJ were identified. Diabetics accounted for 14.3%. No significant difference in the prevalence of known diabetes was found, except for pathological glucose metabolism in patients with MR-ONJ (p &l…

The “geographic” liver

2018

Utility of post mortem MRI in definition of thrombus in aneurismatic coronary arteries due to incomplete Kawasaki Disease in infants

2016

Abstract Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limited vasculitis of unknown etiology that primarily affects the coronary artery (CA) and presents in childhood. The characteristic coronary arterial lesion is an aneurysm, which may lead to thrombosis, dilatation, stenosis, and occlusion. Such an aneurysm is typically calcified and generally develops five or more years after the onset of acute KD. It becomes more noticeable after ten years. KD is sometimes difficult to diagnose because of the limited clinical features, especially in infants younger than 6 months old, where the clinical presentations often do not fulfill the diagnostic criteria for KD. We report a case of Incomplete Kawasaki…

Pitfalls in whole body MRI with diffusion weighted imaging performed on patients with lymphoma: What radiologists should know

2016

The technological advances in radiological imaging and the relevance of a diagnostic tool that may reduce radiation-induced long-term effects have led to a widespread use of whole body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) with diffusion weighted imaging for oncologic patients. A lot of studies demonstrated the feasibility and reliability of WB-MRI as an alternative technique for lymphoma staging and response assessment during and after treatment. In this paper, taking advantage of our 2years of experience using WB-MRI for lymphoma, we discuss the main pitfalls and artifacts radiologists should know examining a WB-MRI performed on this typology of patients in order to avoid images misinterpre…

IMPAIRED DECISION-MAKING AND DIFFUSION ORIENTATIONAL COMPLEXITY IN PEOPLE WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

2013

Objective Difficulties with decision-making have been reported in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). It is however unclear what aspect of decision making is impaired, for example whether they are more impulsive, and how any impairments relate to grey matter pathology. In this study we assess grey matter microstructure using a novel measure of the number of diffusion orientations on diffusion MRI “diffusion orientation complexity (DOC)”. We studied DOC in cortical areas known to be associated with decision making and looked at its associations with performance on the Cambridge Gambling Task (CGT). Method One hundred and five patients with MS (61 RR, 26 SP, 18 PP; mean age: 45.9 years) and …

A pragmatic window of opportunity to minimise the risk of MRONJ development in individuals with osteoporosis on Denosumab therapy: a hypothesis

2021

Abstract Denosumab is associated with the development of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), an uncommon but severe oral side effect with a higher prevalence in metastatic cancer patients than in patients with metabolic bone fragility. Although several oral triggers can initiate MRONJ, invasive oral treatments and tooth extraction still remain the most common precipitating event. In general, tooth extraction and oral surgery should be avoided in patients at increased risk of MRONJ, while extraction of non-restorable teeth should be performed based on specific risk reduction protocols to eliminate dental/periodontal infections, still protecting from MRONJ onset. Based on th…

Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) in oncology: an Italian survey.

2019

Purpose: To perform a survey among all members of the Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology (SIRM) to assess how whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) is performed in oncologic patients in Italy. Methods: On March 2019, we administered an online poll to all SIRM members about their use of WB-MRI in 2018 asking 15 questions regarding oncologic indications, imaging protocol, use of contrast media, experience in WB-MRI, duration of scan time and reporting time. Results: Forty-eight members participated to the survey. WB-MRIs/total MRIs ratio was 1%. Lymphoma was the most common indication (17/48, 35%), followed by myeloma and prostate cancer, with these three tumors representing the most c…

Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Transcription Factor-1 Gene Variation and Medication Load Influence White Matter Structure in Schizophrenia

2014

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have shown a widespread disruption of white matter (WM) microstructure in schizophrenia. Furthermore, higher fractional anisotropy (FA) has been consistently correlated with the severity of psychotic symptoms. Antipsychotic drugs (APDs) affect lipid homeostasis. Gene polymorphisms in sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor (SREBF)-1 and SREBF-2 have been associated with schizophrenia. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In a sample of 65 patients affected by chronic schizophrenia, we investigated the effect of ongoing APD medication, SREBF-1 rs11868035<b> </b>polymo…