Search results for " non-small-cell lung"
showing 10 items of 199 documents
Efficacy and safety of first-line checkpoint inhibitors-based treatments for non-oncogene-addicted non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review an…
2021
Background: Frontline immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI)-based regimens in non-oncogene-addicted non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been deeply investigated. To rank the available therapeutic options, we carried out a systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis. Methods: A comprehensive search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of ICI regimens, and a pairwise and a network meta-analysis (NMA) with an all-comers and a stratified strategy were conducted. Endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR) and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Results: Nineteen RCTs involving 17 treatment regimens were included. For the all-co…
Interstitial lung disease in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: causes, mechanisms and management
2004
Interstitial lung disease in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: causes, mechanisms and management
O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase activity and sensitivity to cyclophosphamide and cisplatin in human lung tumor xenografts
1998
The DNA repair protein O6-methylguanine-DNA methyl-transferase (MGMT) is a main determinant of resistance of cells to the cytostatic effects of O6-alkylguanine-generating alkylating agents. The purpose of our study was to assay MGMT activity in cells of lung cancers and to correlate MGMT levels with chemotherapy response to cyclophosphamide (CTX) and cisplatin (DDP). MGMT levels were determined in 14 human lung tumor xenografts. There was a wide variation of MGMT expression in these tumors, ranging from 10 to 984 fmol/mg protein. There was also a wide range in the sensitivity of the xenografts to CTX and DDP, as measured by specific growth delay. When the MGMT levels of the different xenogr…
Improved inter-observer agreement of an expert review panel in an oncology treatment trial--Insights from a structured interventional process.
2015
Abstract Purpose Oncologic imaging is a key for successful cancer treatment. While the quality assurance (QA) of image acquisition protocols has already been focussed, QA of reading and reporting offers still room for improvement. The latter was addressed in the context of a prospective multicentre trial on fluoro-deoxyglucose (FDG)–positron-emission tomography (PET)/CT-based chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Material and methods An expert panel was prospectively installed performing blinded reviews of mediastinal NSCLC involvement in FDG–PET/CT. Due to a high initial reporting inter-observer disagreement, the independent data monitoring committee (I…
Phase II study of mitomycin C, etoposide and vindesine in metastatic stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer.
1991
A total of 72 patients with metastatic stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated with combination chemotherapy comprising the MEV regimen (mitomycin C, 8 mg/m2 given i. v. on day 1; etoposide, 100 mg/m2 given i.v. on days 1–3; and vindesine, 3 mg/m2 given i.v. on day 1; treatment repeated every 3 weeks). In 64 evaluable patients, the objective response rate was 37% (complete responses, 4.7%; partial responses, 32.3%). The median survival was 7.6 months for all patients. The treatment was very well tolerated. MEV proved to be an active and non-toxic regimen for the treatment of metastatic NSCLC.
Treatment of Stage III-IV Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma with Vinorelbine in Combination with Ifosfamide plus MESNA: A Study by the Southern Italy Onc…
1996
Thirty-five patients affected by stage III-IV non-small-cell lung carcinomas were treated with ifosfamide 3 gr/m2 plus MESNA as uroprotector on day 1 and vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 i.v. bolus on day 1 and 8. This cycle was repeated every 21 days. Over a total of 35 evaluable patients, the overall response rate was 34% (95% CL 18-54%). One patient experienced a complete response with a duration of 7.2+ months, and 11 patients a partial response with a mean duration of 5.9+ months. Seven patients had no change and 16 improved. The overall survival was 7.6+ months. Over a total of 145 cycles, the most frequent toxicity was myelosuppression, but grade 3 leukopenia and grade 2 thrombocytopenia were se…
Gemcitabine sensitizes lung cancer cells to Fas/FasL system-mediated killing
2014
Gemcitabine is a chemotherapy agent commonly used in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that has been demonstrated to induce apoptosis in NSCLC cells by increasing functionally active Fas expression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) system involvement in gemcitabine-induced lung cancer cell killing. NSCLC H292 cells were cultured in the presence or absence of gemcitabine. FasL mRNA and protein were evaluated by real-time PCR, and by Western blot and flow cytometry, respectively. Apoptosis of FasL-expressing cells was evaluated by flow cytometry, and caspase-8 and caspase-3 activation by Western blot and a colorimetric assay. Cytotoxicity of ly…
Metabolic and Functional Genomic Studies Identify Deoxythymidylate Kinase as a target in LKB1 Mutant Lung Cancer
2013
Abstract The LKB1/STK11 tumor suppressor encodes a serine/threonine kinase, which coordinates cell growth, polarity, motility, and metabolism. In non–small cell lung carcinoma, LKB1 is somatically inactivated in 25% to 30% of cases, often concurrently with activating KRAS mutations. Here, we used an integrative approach to define novel therapeutic targets in KRAS-driven LKB1-mutant lung cancers. High-throughput RNA interference screens in lung cancer cell lines from genetically engineered mouse models driven by activated KRAS with or without coincident Lkb1 deletion led to the identification of Dtymk, encoding deoxythymidylate kinase (DTYMK), which catalyzes dTTP biosynthesis, as synthetica…
Gefitinib in lung cancer therapy. Clinical results, predictive markers of response and future perspectives.
2009
Over the past few years, epidermal growth factor receptor has emerged as one of the most important targets in tumorgenesis and several drugs targeting signal transduction pathways have been developed. The first among these agents to be approved for the treatment of NSCLC was gefitinib, a potent, selective and reversible inhibitor of HER1/EGFR tyrosine kinase activity. The review summarizes its clinical development and the new therapeutic options, with particular focus on predictive markers of susceptibility to this drug.
Impact of microRNAs in Resistance to Chemotherapy and Novel Targeted Agents in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
2014
Despite recent advances in understanding the cancer signaling pathways and in developing new therapeutic strategies, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) shows grim prognosis and high incidence of recurrence. Insufficient dis- ruption of oncogenic signaling and drug resistance are the most common causes of tumor recurrence. Drug resistance, in- trinsic or acquired, represents a main obstacle in NSCLC therapeutics by limiting the efficacy both of conventional che- motherapeutic compounds and new targeted agents. Therefore, novel and more innovative approaches are required for treatment of this tumor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by sequ…