Search results for " oncologia"
showing 10 items of 366 documents
Targeted Therapies in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
2015
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HIF-1a induces downregulated expression of Aurora A in breast cancer cell lines
2012
Background: Aurora A (AURKA) is an oncogenic serine/treonine kinase that play a critical role during mitosis, governing the correct distribution of genetic material to the daughter cells. AURKA is overexpressed in many types of human tumors including breast cancer and its deregulated expression, inducing alteration of mitotic spindle, chromosomal segregation and aneuploidy can lead to malignant transformation of cells. Aims: Since hypoxia is a typical tumoral condition which influences the expression of various proteins involved in proliferation and cell cycle progression, aim of our study was to obtain new insights into AURKA regulation in breast cancer cell lines cultured under normoxic a…
Can the tumor-agnostic evaluation of MSI/MMR status be the common denominator for the immunotherapy treatment of patients with several solid tumors?
2022
Alterations in short-repetitive DNA sequences, known as microsatellite instability (MSI), can reflect deficiencies in Mismatch Repair (MMR) system which represents a major player in DNA integrity maintenance. The incidence of MSI-H/dMMR has been shown to be variable depending on the tumor type. Several studies confirmed that dMMR/MSI status, although less frequent than PD-L1 expression, may better predict response to immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with solid tumors. In October 2016, the FDA granted pembrolizumab as breakthrough therapy for the treatment of non-CRC, MSI-H/dMMR tumors, providing, for the first time, a tumor-agnostic indication. In the next future, the tissue-…
The prognostic role of KRAS and BRAF in patients undergoing surgical resection of colorectal cancer liver metastasis: a systematic review and meta-an…
2016
Background: Clinical trials investigated the potential role of both KRAS and BRAF mutations, as prognostic biomarkers, in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who underwent surgical treatment of liver metastasis (CLM), showing conflicting results. This meta-analysis aims to review all the studies reporting survival outcomes (recurrence free survival (RFS), and/or overall survival (OS)) of patients undergoing resection of CLM, stratified according to KRAS and/or BRAF mutation status. Materials and Methods: Data from all published studies reporting survival outcomes (RFS and/or OS) of CRC patients who received resection of CLM, stratified by KRAS and/or BRAF mutation status were collected by sear…
EXPRESSION OF METIOLLOPROTEINASES ( MMP2-MMP9 ) AND CYCLOOXIGENASES ( COX1-COX2 ) IN SALIVARY GLAND TUMORS
2011
Background Salivary neoplasms of the major salivary glands are uncommon: the annual incidence rates in the world vary between greater than 0.05 and less than 2 per 100,000. Most salivary gland tumours are benign and they represent an histological heterogeneous group with the greatest diversity of morphological and cellular features, in fact, these tumours are characterized by an extremely varied histomorphological phenotype due to combinations of different epitheliomorphic and mesenchymomorphic features. The histogenesis is uncertain but the bicellular theory of origin has been accepted and states that malignant transformation of reserve cell from either the intercalated or excretory duct a…
UNRAVELLING THE ROLES OF THE NUCLEAR PROTEIN 1 DURING ER-STRESS INDUCTION
2020
Background: NUPR1 was described as a transcriptional factor involved in the regulation of various cellular stress-response genes, playing a crucial role in the condition of the endoplasmic-reticulum (ER) stress, thus emerging as a common molecular factor of different pathologies, obesity, hepatic steatosis, and cancer. In the present work we aim to explore how NUPR1 interacts with some pivotal genes that are the major modulators of the ER stress and metabolic cell functions. In particular we investigated the biochemical and molecular effects arising from the loss of NUPR1 in ER stress physiological conditions. Methods: We used prolonged high fat diet (HFD) feeding to induce ER stress physio…
Prognostic significance of p16INK4a alterations and 9p21 loss of heterozigosity in locally advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
2002
The p16INK4a gene, localized within chromosome 9p21, has been identified as a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor and may negatively regulate the cell cycle acting as a tumor suppressor. Genetic alterations involving the 9p21 region are common in human cancers. A consecutive series of 64 untreated patients (median of follow up 53 months) undergoing surgical resection for locally advanced laryngeal squamous-cell carcinomas (LSCCs) has been studied prospectively. Our purpose was to investigate p16 alterations (9p21 allelic loss, hypermethylation and point mutations) and their possible association with clinico-pathological data and flow cytometric variables (DNA-ploidy and S-phase fraction (SPF)…
Role of OPG-RANK-RANKL pathway in the pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapeutic follow-up of metastatic bone disease.
2011
Colorectal cancer: An update on the effects of lycopene on tumor progression and cell proliferation
2017
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Various factors, including oxidative stress, where excessive productions of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) occur, contribute to its pathogenesis. Numerous studies have investigated the effect of antioxidant substances derived from food such as fruits and vegetables; however, data on Lycopene are still rare. Studies on HT-29 colorectal cancer cells and on animal models have shown that lycopene has effects on cell proliferation and on the progression of the CRC by interacting with various cellular signaling pathways. This analysis of the literature focused on the antioxidant effect of lycop…